Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ-S).

The aim of this study was to develop a Spanish version of the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire and to examine its psychometric properties: factor structure, measurement invariance across samples, reliability, and concurrent validity. Participants consisted of 1,560 Spanish students between 12 and 18 years of age. The results support a structure based on 10 first-order factors (corresponding to stressors on the dimensions Home Life, School Performance, School Attendance, Romantic Relationships, Peer Pressure, Teacher Interaction, Future Uncertainty, School/Leisure Conflict, Financial Pressure, and Emerging Adult Responsibility) and 1 second-order factor that subsumes the first-order factors. This model was selected for measurement invariance testing because it showed good fit indexes and was more parsimonious than the first-order factor model. This structure was replicated across 2 independent samples from the same population, as well as across 3 age groups (early, middle, and late adolescence), showing acceptable fit for all groups. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were adequate. Evidence of concurrent validity was provided by positive associations with measures of stress manifestations, anxiety, and depression, and by a negative association with life satisfaction. The results indicate that the Spanish version of the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire is a suitable tool for assessing stressors in Spanish adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record

Daily stressors in school-age children: a multilevel approach.

This study uses hierarchical or multilevel modeling to identify variables that contribute to daily stressors in a population of schoolchildren. Four hierarchical levels with several predictive variables were considered: student (age, sex, social adaptation of the student, number of life events and chronic stressors experienced, and educational level of the father and mother), class (number of students per class), school (type of school), and province (number of inhabitants per province). Participants were 6,078 students from primary years 3-6 in the region of Andalusia (Spain). After conducting a multilevel regression analysis, the final fitted model was a random intercept and random slope model (at the school level) for the variable age, with the fixed factors being the variables social adaptation, life events and chronic stressors, and the educational level of the father and mother. This model yielded a specific profile of daily stressors in childhood: children with the highest levels of daily stressors are younger, present aggressive or inhibited behavior, have experienced more life events and chronic stressors, and have parents who did not complete their primary education. The results provide relevant information for the design of psychoeducational interventions in relation to children's daily stressors.

Adaptación española de la escala de manifestaciones de estrés del Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM) / Spanish adaptation of the Stress Manifestations Scale of the Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM)

El propósito del presente trabajo es traducir al castellano y presentar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de manifestaciones de estrés del Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM), desarrollado por Fimian, Fastenau, Tashner y Cross, para identificar las manifestaciones de estrés dominantes en adolescentes. La escala se ha aplicado a una muestra de 1.002 estudiantes de primer y segundo curso de Educación Secundaria. Se presentan la estructura factorial, análisis de ítems, consistencia interna, diferencias por sexo y curso, evidencias externas de validez y normas de puntuación y corrección. Los resultados muestran una estructura factorial de tres factores de primer orden referentes a manifestaciones emocionales, manifestaciones fisiológicas y manifestaciones conductuales, y uno de segundo orden indicativo de manifestaciones de estrés. Las evidencias externas de validez muestran una asociación positiva con medidas de estrés percibido, agresividad, sintomatología internalizada/externalizada, y negativa con satisfacción vital. Los resultados indican que la escala es una herramienta adecuada para la evaluación de las manifestaciones de estrés en adolescentes (AU)

The aim of the present study was to translate into Spanish and to describe the psychometric properties of the Stress Manifestations Scale of the Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM), developed by Fimian, Fastenau, Tashner and Cross to identify the main manifestations of stress in adolescents. The scale was applied to a sample of 1,002 pupils from years one and two of Secondary Education. The paper reports the factor structure, an item analysis, the internal consistency, differences by sex and academic year, external evidence of validity, and norms for scoring the scale. The results reveal a factor structure based on three first-order factors (emotional manifestations, physiological manifestations and behavioural manifestations) and one second-order factor (indicative of stress manifestations). In terms of external validity, there was a positive association with measures of perceived stress, aggressiveness, internalized/ externalized symptoms, and a negative association with life satisfaction. The results show that the scale is an adequate tool for evaluating stress manifestations in adolescents (AU)

[Spanish adaptation of the Stress Manifestations Scale of the Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM)]. / Adaptación española de la escala de manifestaciones de estrés del Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM).

The aim of the present study was to translate into Spanish and to describe the psychometric properties of the Stress Manifestations Scale of the Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM), developed by Fimian, Fastenau, Tashner and Cross to identify the main manifestations of stress in adolescents. The scale was applied to a sample of 1,002 pupils from years one and two of Secondary Education. The paper reports the factor structure, an item analysis, the internal consistency, differences by sex and academic year, external evidence of validity, and norms for scoring the scale. The results reveal a factor structure based on three first-order factors (emotional manifestations, physiological manifestations and behavioural manifestations) and one second-order factor (indicative of stress manifestations). In terms of external validity, there was a positive association with measures of perceived stress, aggressiveness, internalized/externalized symptoms, and a negative association with life satisfaction. The results show that the scale is an adequate tool for evaluating stress manifestations in adolescents.