Biliopancreatic diversion in a renal transplant patient.

Surgery is usually the only solution to modify the evolution of morbid obesity and resolve the associated co-morbidities. There is very little written regarding malabsorptive surgery and transplantation. A 48-year-old male with hypertension, hyperuricemia and obesity underwent renal transplantation in 1994 for renal amyloidosis. He was maintained on oral immunosuppressive cyclosporine. The patient developed uncontrollable hypertension, hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia and increasing weight to a BMI of 44. Thus, in December 2004, he underwent biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). After 18 months follow-up, he has lost 85% of his excess weight, and his hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia are markedly improved. Renal function was not modified, nor were the levels of cyclosporine. He has had no complications derived from the BPD, and has a better quality of life.

Effects of weight loss after biliopancreatic diversion on metabolism and cardiovascular profile.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) for morbid obesity has been reported to produce anemia and malnutrition in short-term follow-up. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of weight reduction on cardiovascular profile, renal function and nutritional status. METHODS: 35 morbidly obese patients underwent BPD. We analyzed the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, renal status, proteinuria and nutritional status before and 1 year after BPD. RESULTS: Excess weight loss was 67% at 1 year after BPD. All cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) improved during follow-up. We could not find any relevant signs of malnutrition in the patients. Microalbuminuria decreased and proteinuria disappeared after weight loss. We observed less urinary calcium and citrate excretion, with an increase in oxaluria, but these changes did not increase the incidence of renal stones. CONCLUSIONS: BPD was followed by improved cardiovascular profile and a lower pro-inflammatory state. BPD did not produce significant malnutrition, anemia or renal stone disease.

Effects of changes in body weight and insulin resistance on inflammation and endothelial function in morbid obesity after bariatric surgery.

Metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance are thought to underlie the endothelial dysfunction and low grade inflammation found in morbid obesity. Twenty-six morbidly obese patients, aged 39.0 +/- 10.0 (mean +/- sd), were evaluated before and 4.2 +/- 0.8 months after bariatric surgery. A marked increment in the insulin sensitivity index (S(I)) and the endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response in a dorsal hand vein was observed after weight loss following bariatric surgery. Circulating levels of E-selectin, P-selectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and von Willebrand factor, which were higher than those in the control group, decreased significantly after surgery. Plasma vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, angiotensin-converting enzyme, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, thrombomodulin, and plasma and intraplatelet cGMP levels did not change after weight loss. All inflammatory markers were higher in morbidly obese patients. After surgery, C- reactive protein and sialic acid diminished, whereas circulating levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and its soluble receptors did not. Positive correlations were found between changes in adiposity and S(I) and changes in C-reactive protein and between changes in sialic acid and changes in endothelial function. In conclusion, a marked improvement in S(I), endothelial function, and low grade inflammation was observed in the weight-losing, morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery. S(I) and adiposity appear to play roles in obesity-related, low grade inflammation that contribute to the endothelial dysfunction observed in morbid obesity.

Bypass biliopancreático / Biliopancreatic bypass

La derivación, o bypass, biliopancreática, introducida por Scopinaro en 1976, consigue una pérdida del sobrepeso eficaz y mantenida a largo plazo, y mejora la calidad de vida y las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad mórbida sin estrictas limitaciones dietéticas. Presentamos los resultados de 320 pacientes intervenidos entre julio de 1997 y mayo de 2003, con un peso medio de 132,01 ñ 26,02 kg (rango, 52-236) y un índice de masa corporal medio de 51,23 ñ 7,93 kg/m2 (31-90).Entre las complicaciones perioperatorias destacan 10 dehiscencias de gastroyeyunostomía, 5 de muñón duodenal, 12 hemorragias que precisaron reintervención o transfusión y 15 infecciones de herida quirúrgica. Nueve pacientes fallecieron. Entre las complicaciones a largo plazo, cabe señalar 4 hernias internas y 8 casos de hipoproteinemia grave que motivaron 3 alargamientos de asa.El sobrepeso perdido medio a 5 años es del 75 por ciento, con rangos entre el 79 por ciento en los casos con un índice de masa corporal entre 35 y 50 kg/m2 y el 68 por ciento en aquellos en que éste es superior a 60 kg/m2. La comorbilidad del tipo diabetes mellitus o hipertensión arterial desaparece en más del 95 por ciento de los casos. En la actualidad, la técnica se está llevando a cabo por laparoscopia sobre los principios técnicos establecidos en la técnica abierta y con similares buenos resultados (AU)