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1.
Enferm. glob ; 11(26): 227-236, abr. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-100541

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Conocer la utilización de la guía ‘Atención a las personas cuidadoras’ por las enfermeras que han realizado intervenciones grupales con cuidadoras y averiguar su opinión sobre: - la idoneidad y estructura de las unidades didácticas - la necesidad de modificación del resto de contenidos: organización del Servicio, registro, encuesta inicial, cuestionario de calidad de vida, de evaluación del taller. - los temas no tratados que sería recomendable introducir. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal mediante una encuesta aplicada a las enfermeras de Atención Primaria de Asturias que realizaron Talleres grupales con cuidadores familiares durante el periodo enero 2009- junio 2010. Resultados: El porcentaje de respuesta al cuestionario fue del 81%. La guía fue empleada para la preparación de la intervención por el 95% de las profesionales. El 96% de las encuestadas manifiestan que los contenidos de la guía responden a las necesidades de los cuidadores. Mayoritaria es también la respuesta de quienes la consideran comprensible y fácil de manejar, el 92%. Destacaron la falta de formación como dificultad para impartir los contenidos de la guía el 77%. El 91% de las encuestadas recomendaría esta guía para el desarrollo de una intervención grupal con personas cuidadoras. Conclusiones: Es bastante elevada la adherencia de las enfermeras a esta guía que orienta la intervención psicoeducativa grupal con cuidadores de personas dependientes. Se requiere llevar a cabo estrategias útiles por parte de la Administración Sanitaria con el fin de resolver las barreras identificadas que dificultan su mejor uso y aplicación, entre ellas, mejorar la formación de las enfermeras en habilidades de comunicación y de inteligencia emocional. Es necesario realizar una revisión y actualización de los contenidos de la guía para que sea una herramienta que ayude y mejore la calidad de la práctica de este Servicio (AU)


Objectives. To assess the use of the guide ‘Atención a las personas cuidadoras’ (‘Care for caregivers’) by nurses who had performed group interventions with caregivers and to obtain their opinion on: - The suitability and structure of the didactic units - The need to modify the rest of the contents: Department organization, registration, initial survey, quality of life questionnaire, workshop review questionnaire - Topics which are not dealt with but which should be included Methods. Transversal descriptive study. A survey of primary care nurses in Asturias who had conducted group workshops with family caregivers between January 2009 and June 2010 was carried out. Results. The response percentage to the survey was 81%. The guide was used to prepare interventions by 95% of the professionals. 96% of the survey group declared that the contents of the guide address the needs of the caregivers. Most nurses, 92%, also consider the guide to be easy to understand and to use. 77% of them identified a lack of training as a difficulty when trying to teach the contents of the guide. Finally, 91% of the survey group would recommend using this guide when developing a group intervention with caregivers. Conclusions. Nurse adherence to this guide, which helps direct the psychoeducational group intervention for caregivers of dependent persons, was remarkably high. The Healthcare Administration should implement useful strategies in order to overcome the identified barriers which hamper a better use and application of the guide. Its contents must be reviewed and updated so that the guide may become a helpful tool capable of improving the quality of care in this Department (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Health Care , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Health Promotion/methods , Health Promotion/standards , Health Education/methods , Health Education/standards , Health Education , Caregivers/organization & administration , Caregivers/trends , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Forensic Sci Int Genet ; 2(2): 126-33, 2008 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19083807

ABSTRACT

We report the results of the seventh edition of the GEP-ISFG mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) collaborative exercise. The samples submitted to the participant laboratories were blood stains from a maternity case and simulated forensic samples, including a case of mixture. The success rate for the blood stains was moderate ( approximately 77%); even though four inexperienced laboratories concentrated about one-third of the total errors. A similar success was obtained for the analysis of mixed samples (78.8% for a hair-saliva mixture and 69.2% for a saliva-saliva mixture). Two laboratories also dissected the haplotypes contributing to the saliva-saliva mixture. Most of the errors were due to reading problems and misinterpretation of electropherograms, demonstrating once more that the lack of a solid devised experimental approach is the main cause of error in mtDNA testing.


Subject(s)
Artifacts , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/standards , DNA Fingerprinting/standards , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , DNA/isolation & purification , Blood Stains , Computer Simulation , DNA/analysis , DNA/genetics , DNA, Mitochondrial/blood , DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Databases, Factual , Female , Forensic Medicine , Genetic Markers , Hair/chemistry , Haplotypes , Humans , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Pregnancy , Quality Control , Reference Standards , Saliva/chemistry
3.
Am J Hum Biol ; 20(2): 154-64, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18172868

ABSTRACT

This study provides a more complete characterization of the mitochondrial genome variability of the Basques, including data on the hypervariable segment HVII of the D-loop region, which remains relatively unknown. To that end, genomic DNA from 55 healthy men living in the Arratia Valley (Biscay province) and the Goiherri region (Guipúzcoa province) was examined by direct sequencing. Three-generation pedigree charts were compiled to ensure the collection from autochthonous individuals. The most notable findings emerging from the analysis of haplogroup composition are: (i) lack of U8a mitochondrial lineage, a rare subhaplogroup recently identified in Basques and proposed as a Paleolithic marker, (ii) low frequency of haplogroup V, which conflicts with results of earlier analyses describing high frequencies in southwestern Europe, and (iii) high frequency of haplogroup J, especially subhaplogroups J1c1 and J2a. The frequency of haplogroup J does not coincide with previous mtDNA studies in present-day Basques, but is congruent with frequencies found in prehistoric and historic Basque populations. In explaining divergence in haplogroup composition between modern Basque samples, we hypothesized spatial heterogeneity promoted by population fragmentation due to extreme limitation of dispersal opportunities during the Pleistocene glaciations. Similarities between extinct and extant Basque populations as for the high frequency of lineage J, as well as the abundance of this haplogroup in northern Spain endorse a shift in the focus of attention of mtDNA analysts. A refined dissection of haplogroup J might provide more solid evidence about the process of postglacial recolonization of Europe, and thus about the shaping of the European gene pool.


Subject(s)
DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Genome, Human , Haploidy , White People , Gene Frequency , Genetic Markers , Genetics, Population , Humans , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Spain
4.
Aten Primaria ; 37(5): 273-7, 2006 Mar 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16595099

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To define and validate a battery of prescription indicators on the use of anti-hypertensives, lipid-lowerers, diabetes drugs, and insulin, as measurements of family doctors' quality of prescription in primary health care. DESIGN: Transversal, descriptive study. SETTING: Two primary care health districts, Camas and Sierra Norte, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty three family doctors, 94.32% of the doctors in the study area. DEFINITION AND VALIDATION OF INDICATORS: To construct the prescription indicators, we used evidence found in the scientific bibliography available. To validate it, we analysed its statistical relationship with a series of selected clinical tests, collected from the clinical records. RESULTS: For each doctor, there was a statistically significant relationship between the index of quality of prescription and the clinical quality seen in the records (P=.004). The variables of age, sex, and training fine-tuned the model. CONCLUSIONS: There is a statistically significant relationship between a good prescription indicator and proper control of intermediate health variables.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions/standards , Primary Health Care/standards , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Practice , Humans , Middle Aged , Spain
5.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 80(1): 27-39, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16553258

ABSTRACT

The Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs and the Autonomous Governments of Spain have designed and agreed by consensus with the sanitary professionals and major employer's organizations and Unions a Integral Health Surveillance Programme of asbestos-exposed workers, in order to assure appropriate, uniform and harmonized action throughout the national territory with relation to these workers. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: This initiative started from the Occupational Health Working group of the Interterritorial Council, with inputs from the Asbestos Working Group of the National Occupational Safety and Health Commission. It was agreed with occupational medicine and infirmary professionals and was approved by the Health and Labour authorities. The program is organised in seven main activities. CURRENT PROGRAM STATUS: two years after the Programme approval a total of 5778 workers are included in the Registry of asbestos-exposed workers. 208 workers have COPD, 198 benign pleural disease, 8 lung cancer, 10 mesothelioma and 7 workers have other cancers possibly related to asbestos (gastric, larynx and colon cancer). REMARKS: the agreement and participation reached in this Programme allow achieving much higher coverage of occupational prevention policies than those obtained with a mere law approval, as we could see during the second year of implementation of the Programme in which the number of attended workers has doubled.


Subject(s)
Asbestosis/prevention & control , Environmental Monitoring , Occupational Exposure , Asbestosis/epidemiology , Epidemiological Monitoring , Humans , Occupational Health Services/standards , Population Surveillance/methods , Preventive Health Services/standards , Risk Management
6.
Aten. primaria ; 37(5): 273-277, 31 mar. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | CidSaúde - Healthy cities | ID: cid-57606

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Definir y validar una batería de indicadores de prescripción sobre el uso de antihipertensivos, hipolipemiantes, antidiabéticos y insulinas, como medidores de la calidad de la prescripción de médicos de familia en el ámbito de la atención primaria de salud (APS). Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Emplazamiento. Agrupación de 2 distritos sanitarios de atención primaria, Camas y Sierra Norte. Participantes. Un total de 83 médicos de familia, lo que supone el 94,32 por ciento de los médicos del área de estudio. Defición y validación de indicadores. Para la construción de los indicadores de prescripción nos basamos en las evidencias halladas en la bibliografía científica disponible. Para su validación analizamos su relación estadística con una serie de pruebas clínicas seleccionadas, que se recogieron de las historias clínicas. Resultados. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el índice de calidad de prescripción y la calidad clínica observada en las historias, para cada médico (p = 0,004). Las variables edad, sexo y formación ajustan mejor el modelo. Conclusiones. Hay una relación estadísticamente significativa entre un buen indicador de prescripción y el adecuado control de variables intermedias de salud.(AU)


Subject(s)
Quality Indicators, Health Care , Primary Health Care , Cross-Sectional Studies
7.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 37(5): 273-277, mar. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-045846

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Definir y validar una batería de indicadores de prescripción sobre el uso de antihipertensivos, hipolipemiantes, antidiabéticos e insulinas, como medidores de la calidad de la prescripción de médicos de familia en el ámbito de la atención primaria de salud (APS). Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Emplazamiento. Agrupación de 2 distritos sanitarios de atención primaria, Camas y Sierra Norte. Participantes. Un total de 83 médicos de familia, lo que supone el 94,32% de los médicos del área de estudio. Definición y validación de indicadores. Para la construcción de los indicadores de prescripción nos basamos en las evidencias halladas en la bibliografía científica disponible. Para su validación analizamos su relación estadística con una serie de pruebas clínicas seleccionadas, que se recogieron de las historias clínicas. Resultados. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el índice de calidad de prescripción y la calidad clínica observada en las historias, para cada médico (p = 0,004). Las variables edad, sexo y formación ajustan mejor el modelo. Conclusiones. Hay una relación estadísticamente significativa entre un buen indicador de prescripción y el adecuado control de variables intermedias de salud


Objective. To define and validate a battery of prescription indicators on the use of anti-hypertensives, lipid-lowerers, diabetes drugs, and insulin, as measurements of family doctors' quality of prescription in primary health care. Design. Transversal, descriptive study. Setting. Two primary care health districts, Camas and Sierra Norte, Spain. Participants. Eighty three family doctors, 94.32% of the doctors in the study area. Definition and validation of indicators. To construct the prescription indicators, we used evidence found in the scientific bibliography available. To validate it, we analysed its statistical relationship with a series of selected clinical tests, collected from the clinical records. Results. For each doctor, there was a statistically significant relationship between the index of quality of prescription and the clinical quality seen in the records (P=.004). The variables of age, sex, and training fine-tuned the model. Conclusions. There is a statistically significant relationship between a good prescription indicator and proper control of intermediate health variables


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Hypolipidemic Agents/administration & dosage , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Epidemiologic Factors , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Primary Health Care/methods
8.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 80(1): 27-39, ene.-feb. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048314

ABSTRACT

El Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo y las Comunidades Autónomashan diseñado y consensuado con los profesionales sanitariosy las organizaciones empresariales y sindicales representativas unPlan Integral de Vigilancia de la Salud de los Trabajadores que hanestado expuestos a Amianto, con el objetivo de garantizar una intervenciónadecuada, uniforme y armonizada de estos trabajadores entodo el territorio nacional. La elaboración del Programa partió delGrupo de Trabajo de Salud Laboral del Consejo Interterritorial, seenriqueció con las aportaciones del Grupo de Trabajo Amianto de laComisión Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, fue consensuadocon los profesionales de la medicina y enfermería del trabajo,y fue aprobado por las autoridades sanitarias y laborales. El Programaconsta de siete grandes bloques de actividades. Dos años despuésde aprobado el Programa, el estado de implantación en las ComunidadesAutónomas es desigual. Las principales dificultades para supuesta en marcha se encuentran en la elaboración del Registro deexpuestos. Un total de 5.778 trabajadores están incluidos en el Registro.208 trabajadores tienen EPOC, 198 alteraciones pleurales benignas,8 cáncer de pulmón, 10 mesotelioma y 7 presentan otros cáncerescon posible relación con el amianto (gástrico, de laringe y colon). El consenso y la participación alcanzados alrededor de este Programaestán permitiendo lograr coberturas de las políticas de prevenciónde riesgos laborales muy superiores a las que se consiguen conla mera actuación institucional y elaboración de normativa, ya que ensólo los dos primeros años de implantación del Programa se ha duplicadoel número de trabajadores atendidos


The Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs and the AutonomousGovernments of Spain have designed and agreed by consensuswith the sanitary professionals and major employer's organizationsand Unions a Integral Health Surveillance Programme ofasbestos-exposed workers, in order to assure appropriate, uniformand harmonized action throughout the national territory with relationto these workers. Program description: this initiative startedfrom the Occupational Health Working group of the InterterritorialCouncil, with inputs from the Asbestos Working Group of theNational Occupational Safety and Health Commission. It was agreedwith occupational medicine and infirmary professionals and wasapproved by the Health and Labour authorities. The program isorganised in seven main activities. Current Program status: twoyears after the Programme approval a total of 5,778 workers areincluded in the Registry of asbestos-exposed workers. 208 workershave COPD, 198 benign pleural disease, 8 lung cancer, 10 mesotheliomaand 7 workers have other cancers possibly related toasbestos (gastric, larynx and colon cancer). Remarks: the agreementand participation reached in this Programme allow achievingmuch higher coverage of occupational prevention policies than those obtained with a mere law approval, as we could see duringthe second year of implementation of the Programme in which thenumber of attended workers has doubled


Subject(s)
Humans , Environmental Monitoring , Asbestosis/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure , Risk Management , Asbestosis/epidemiology , Population Surveillance/methods , Preventive Health Services/standards , Occupational Health Services/standards
13.
Rev Clin Esp ; 203(9): 426-9, 2003 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14563255

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: [corrected] Diabetes is an important, complex, expensive, and increasingly frequent disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the diabetes mellitus prevalence and evolution in the Adalusian population between 1994 and 2000. METHODS: We used and indirect method for estimating the rate of prevalence of the disease based on antidiabetic drug consumption data at regional level, using the official billing data, and the annual population data. RESULTS: The prevalence estimated for diabetes mellitus in Andalusia was, 4.41%. This prevalence ranged from 2.47% in 1994 up to 4.41% in 2000. Oral antidiabetics/insulin use ratio was 2.31. The study shows an important variability of the prescription habits in diabetic patients in Andalucía. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence observed in diabetes mellitus in Andalucía increased between 1994 and 2000. An important variability was observed among the different provinces.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Insulin/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Adult , Catchment Area, Health , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Injections, Subcutaneous , Insulin/administration & dosage , Prevalence , Spain/epidemiology
16.
Aten Primaria ; 32(4): 260-1, 2003.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12975097
17.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 203(9): 426-429, sept. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26148

ABSTRACT

Fundamento. La diabetes es una enfermedad importante, compleja, costosa y cada vez más frecuente. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia y evolución de la diabetes mellitus en la población andaluza entre 1994 y 2000. Métodos. Utilizamos un método indirecto para estimar la tasa de prevalencia de la enfermedad a partir de datos de consumo de medicamentos para la diabetes a nivel regional, usando los datos de facturación oficial y los datos de población anuales. Resultados. La prevalencia estimada en diabetes mellitus en Andalucía fue de 4,41 por ciento. Esta prevalencia varió desde el 2,47 por ciento en 1994 hasta el 4,41 por ciento en 2000. La razón entre antidiabéticos orales/insulina fue de 2,31. El estudio muestra una importante variabilidad de los hábitos de prescripción en pacientes diabéticos en Andalucía. Conclusiones. La prevalencia observada en diabetes mellitus en Andalucía aumentó entre 1994 y 2000.Se observó una importante variabilidad entre las diferentes provincias (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Spain , Prevalence , Diabetes Mellitus , Administration, Oral , Injections, Subcutaneous , Insulin , Hypoglycemic Agents , Catchment Area, Health
18.
Arch. Fac. Med. Zaragoza ; 43(2): 105-108, ago. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-34086

ABSTRACT

Se han analizado 9 loci STRs tetranucleotídicos D3S1358, VWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317 y D7S820 en la población residente en el País Vasco para poder aplicarlos a la Identificación Genética. Se han analizado 179 individuos y se han calculado sus frecuencias alélicas, el estado de equilibrio según la ley de H-W y la falta de ligamiento entre los loci estudiados, para así poder calcular los parámetros genético-forenses de probabilidad de exclusión "a priori" (Pex) y poder de discriminación (PD). Además se ha realizado la comparación con otras poblaciones previamente estudiadas (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Genetics, Population , Saliva , DNA, Satellite/genetics , DNA, Satellite/isolation & purification , Spain , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Alleles , Phylogeny
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