ABSTRACT
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a chronic progressive infection. It affects mainly the elderly and it is geographically limited to certain areas of Latin America. In Europe it is considered a rare imported infection. Here we report a case of paracoccidioidomycosis that occurred in a 27-year-old Ecuadorian patient living in Spain initially misdiagnosed as blastomycosis. The typical multi-budding yeast cells of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were observed in Grocott stained samples. This case should alert Spanish mycologists, clinicians and pathologists about the possibility of patients who have travelled or lived outside Spain may suffer paracoccidioidomycosis or other imported mycoses.
Subject(s)
Dermatomycoses/diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Adult , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Blastomycosis/diagnosis , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/diagnosis , Cholecystitis/complications , Cholecystitis/diagnosis , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Ecuador/ethnology , Emigration and Immigration , Humans , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Jaundice, Obstructive/etiology , Ketoconazole/therapeutic use , Male , Paracoccidioides/isolation & purification , SpainABSTRACT
La paracoccidioidomicosis es una infección crónica progresiva.Afecta preferentemente a hombres mayores de 35 años, trabajadores ruralesy está limitada geográficamente a ciertas zonas de Latinoamérica.En Europa la enfermedad es muy rara. Presentamos el caso de unaparacoccidioidomicosis que afecta a un varón joven de 27 años, nacido enEcuador, pero residente en España desde hace varios años.Su enfermedad fue diagnosticada inicialmente como blastomicosis.Las típicas células fúngicas de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis fueronposteriormente observadas mediante la tinción de Grocott. El presente casoquiere alertar a micólogos, clínicos y patólogos sobre la posibilidad de quetambién pacientes jóvenes nacidos o que hayan viajado a zonas endémicas,puedan padecer paracoccidioidomicosis u otras micosis importadas(AU)
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a chronic progressive infection. It affects mainlythe elderly and it is geographically limited to certain areas of Latin America.In Europe it is considered a rare imported infection. Here we report a caseof paracoccidioidomycosis that occurred in a 27-year-old Ecuadorian patientliving in Spain initially misdiagnosed as blastomycosis.The typical multi-budding yeast cells of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis wereobserved in Grocott stained samples. This case should alert Spanishmycologists, clinicians and pathologists about the possibility of patients whohave travelled or lived outside Spain may suffer paracoccidioidomycosis orother imported mycoses(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Paracoccidioides/isolation & purification , Paracoccidioidomycosis/microbiology , Coloring Agents , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
We have evaluated a disk diffusion method to determine the activities of five drugs against 50 strains of dermatophytes and to assess the influence of the culture medium (antibiotic medium 3, high-resolution medium, and RPMI) on the inhibition zone diameters (IZD). There were no differences among the medium/drug combinations, except for itraconazole-RPMI, which showed the narrowest IZD.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Arthrodermataceae/drug effects , Arthrodermataceae/genetics , Culture Media , Diffusion , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Itraconazole/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
We compared the efficacies of amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, and micafungin in a systemic murine infection by three isolates of Candida glabrata. Amphotericin B showed the best results, although none of the drugs dramatically reduced mortality or tissue burden in liver or spleen.
Subject(s)
Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candida glabrata/drug effects , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Flucytosine/therapeutic use , Lipoproteins/therapeutic use , Peptides, Cyclic/therapeutic use , Animals , Candidiasis/mortality , Echinocandins , Lipopeptides , Male , Micafungin , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
We have determined the antifungal susceptibilities of 34 clinical isolates of the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii to 11 drugs using a microdilution method. In general, the type of growth phase (mycelial or yeast) and the temperature of incubation (30 or 35 degrees C) exerted a significant influence on the MICs.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Sporothrix/drug effects , Sporothrix/growth & development , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Sporotrichosis/microbiology , TemperatureABSTRACT
The combination of micafungin (MFG) with amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, or ravuconazole was evaluated against 37 strains of four species of Cryptococcus by the checkerboard method. Antagonism was never seen. Synergy was observed for some isolates for each combination and was most frequent with MFG-AMB.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Cryptococcus/drug effects , Lipoproteins/pharmacology , Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology , Amphotericin B/pharmacology , Cryptococcus/classification , Drug Interactions , Echinocandins , Humans , Lipopeptides , Micafungin , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Triazoles/pharmacologyABSTRACT
We have evaluated a disk diffusion method to determine the activity of eberconazole against 50 strains of dermatophytes by testing three culture media (RPMI, antibiotic medium 3, and high resolution). No differences were found among the results obtained with the three media. A significant correlation between disk diffusion and microdilution methods was observed with AM3.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Arthrodermataceae/drug effects , Cycloheptanes/pharmacology , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Aspergillus fumigatus/drug effects , Candida/drug effects , Culture Media , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
We have determined the in vitro susceptibilities of 57 strains of Cryptococcus gattii to nine antifungal agents and have compared the MICs for these strains with those for C. neoformans. MICs were determined by a microdilution reference method. Albaconazole and ravuconazole (MICs of 0.04 and 0.05 microg/ml, respectively) showed the best activities. Micafungin showed no activity (MIC of >128 microg/ml). In general, C. gattii was less susceptible than C. neoformans to all drugs tested, with the exception of amphotericin B and flucytosine.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Cryptococcus/drug effects , Cryptococcus neoformans/drug effects , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Quinazolines/pharmacology , Thiazoles/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacologyABSTRACT
We have compared the in vitro activity of the new antifungal drug eberconazole with those of three other topical antifungal agents, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, and miconazole, against 200 strains of dermatophytes. MICs were determined by a microdilution method with optimal conditions determined in a previous study (an inoculum of 10(4) CFU/ml, an incubation temperature of 28 degrees C, an incubation period of 7 days, and a MIC endpoint of 100% inhibition of growth). In general, the four drugs tested showed low MICs. However, eberconazole was more active (P < 0.05) than the other three drugs against the majority of the species tested. Eberconazole represents an advantageous alternative for dermatophytoses where a topical therapy is required.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Arthrodermataceae/drug effects , Administration, Topical , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Arthrodermataceae/classification , Clotrimazole/pharmacology , Humans , Ketoconazole/pharmacology , Miconazole/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
A multicenter study was conducted to define the most suitable testing conditions for antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes. Broth microdilution MICs of clotrimazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine were determined in three centers against 60 strains of dermatophytes. The effects of inoculum density (ca. 10(3) and 10(4) CFU/ml), incubation time (3, 7, and 14 days), endpoint criteria for MIC determination (complete [MIC-0] and prominent [MIC-2] growth inhibition), and incubation temperature (28 and 37 degrees C) on intra- and interlaboratory agreement were analyzed. The optimal testing conditions identified were an inoculum of 10(4) CFU/ml, a temperature of incubation of 28 degrees C, an incubation period of 7 days, and MIC-0.
