Esthetic recovery of smile using composite resin and "biological posts" and crowns.

The recovery of teeth that have been extensively destroyed by dental caries can be achieved through direct and indirect restorative procedures. This paper presents a case of the esthetic and functional recovery of permanent maxillary incisors with extensive dental caries in an adolescent patient through the use of a composite resin and "biological posts and crowns". A case report was drafted to describe the direct restoration of central maxillary incisors using composite resin and endodontic treatment of the lateral maxillary incisors, the construction of dentinal posts, the adaptation and cementing of the posts to the root canals, preparation and molding of crown portions, model construction, the choice of extracted teeth and the making and cementing of "biological crowns". The use of a composite resin and the cementing of "biological posts and crowns" reestablish dental esthetics and function. Biological restorations maintain all the characteristics of natural teeth and have a significant psychosocial impact on the patient's quality of life. However it should be stressed that this technique was only indicated in the present case after the determination of a significant improvement in oral hygiene.

Oral mucosa alterations in a socioeconomically deprived region: prevalence and associated factors.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with oral mucosa alterations in patients from Vale do Jequiti-nhonha, Brazil. The sample consisted of 511 patients of both genders. Questionnaires were used to obtain information about patient gender, age, race, systemic disease state, medication use, cigarette use and alcohol consumption. Physical examinations were then performed to identify lesions of the oral mucosa. Descriptive analyses, Chi-squared tests and logistic regressions were then used to analyze the results (p < 0.05, 95% CI). In this population, 84.9% (434/511) of patients were found to have alterations in their oral mucosa. The most common alterations were melanotic maculae (36.0%), linea alba (33.9%), traumatic ulcers (21.5%), Fordyce's granules (20.4%), coated tongue (12.5%) and fissured tongue (10.0%). Melanotic maculae were more frequently observed in black patients, with an odds ration (OR) of 7.51. Being female was a statistically significant predictive factor for having a visible linea alba (OR: 1.90) and a fissured tongue (OR: 2.11). No statistically significant association was found between the presence of oral lesions and systemic disease, medication use, alcohol use and smoking. The high observed prevalence of melanotic maculae and Fordyce's granules suggests that these alterations could be considered typical characteristics of the population of the Vale do Jequitinhonha. Coated tongue may be related to the socioeconomic deprivation in the region. Furthermore, the high prevalence of traumatic ulcers may be associated with the traumatic agents that caused patients to seek dental care.

Oral mucosa alterations in a socioeconomically deprived region: prevalence and associated factors

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with oral mucosa alterations in patients from Vale do Jequiti-nhonha, Brazil. The sample consisted of 511 patients of both genders. Questionnaires were used to obtain information about patient gender, age, race, systemic disease state, medication use, cigarette use and alcohol consumption. Physical examinations were then performed to identify lesions of the oral mucosa. Descriptive analyses, Chi-squared tests and logistic regressions were then used to analyze the results (p < 0.05, 95 percent CI). In this population, 84.9 percent (434/511) of patients were found to have alterations in their oral mucosa. The most common alterations were melanotic maculae (36.0 percent), linea alba (33.9 percent), traumatic ulcers (21.5 percent), Fordyce's granules (20.4 percent), coated tongue (12.5 percent) and fissured tongue (10.0 percent). Melanotic maculae were more frequently observed in black patients, with an odds ration (OR) of 7.51. Being female was a statistically significant predictive factor for having a visible linea alba (OR: 1.90) and a fissured tongue (OR: 2.11). No statistically significant association was found between the presence of oral lesions and systemic disease, medication use, alcohol use and smoking. The high observed prevalence of melanotic maculae and Fordyce's granules suggests that these alterations could be considered typical characteristics of the population of the Vale do Jequitinhonha. Coated tongue may be related to the socioeconomic deprivation in the region. Furthermore, the high prevalence of traumatic ulcers may be associated with the traumatic agents that caused patients to seek dental care.

Immunoexpression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship to histological grades of malignancy.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the human mutS homolog 2 (hMSH2) and human mutL homolog 1 (hMLH1) immunoexpression in different areas of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) - central/superficial (C/S) and invasive tumor front (ITF) - in an attempt to verify if the histological grade of malignancy interferes in this expression. METHODS: Forty-six samples of OSCC were analyzed histologically. Twenty-six cases (56.5%) presented ITF. Histological grades of malignancy were evaluated in all samples, and immunohistochemistry was applied using specific antibodies against hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins. Immunoexpression was semiquantitatively scored, and results were correlated with their histological grades of malignancy. RESULTS: The hMSH2 immunoexpression in both C/S and ITF was not correlated with histological grades of malignancy, whereas hMLH1 overexpression was correlated (P = 0.043) and associated (P = 0.041) with well-differentiated tumors. In addition, hMHL1 reduction or negative expression was detected in poorly differentiated tumors. Moreover, negative expression for hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins was demonstrated in some cases of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study indicate that the histological grade of malignancy interferes in hMLH1 immunoexpression. The negativity for both hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins in some cases suggests a possible association between OSCC and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer. Further investigation from future studies is needed to elucidate this supposition.

Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the oral cavity

Lymphomas arising within the oral cavity account for only 3.5 percent of all oral malignancies. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype characterized by diffuse proliferation of large neoplastic B lymphoid cells. This paper reports a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma affecting the oral cavity of a Brazilian woman, along with its clinical, microscopical, immunohistochemical, and molecular features.

Linfomas correspondem a 3,5 por cento de todos os casos de lesões malignas de boca. O linfoma difuso de grandes células B é um subtipo de linfoma não-Hodgkin caracterizado pela proliferação difusa de células linfóides B. Este artigo relata um caso de linfoma difuso de grandes células B localizado na cavidade bucal de uma mulher brasileira, incluindo os achados clínicos, microscópicos, imuno-histoquímicos e moleculares.

Tobacco and inflammation effects in immunoexpression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in epithelium of oral mucosa.

BACKGROUND: Both hMSH2 and hMLH1 are integrated in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. Reduced expression of these proteins has been reported in head and neck carcinoma; however, few studies have examined the normal levels of these proteins in oral tissues or investigated factors which could interfere with this expression. The aim of this study was to detect the expression pattern of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in normal oral mucosa and to correlate this with demographic data, smoking and local inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was evaluated in 38 samples of normal mucosa epithelium using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: No relationship was observed between hMSH2 and hMLH1 and demographic data. The hMLH1 but not hMSH2 expression was altered in smokers and in the presence of inflammation. CONCLUSION: Both hMSH2 and hMLH1 are highly expressed in the normal epithelium of oral mucosa. In addition, hMLH1 expression is directly influenced by tobacco use and inflammation.

Prevalência das alterações da normalidade e lesões da mucosa bucal em pacientes atendidos nas Clínicas Integradas de Atenção Primária (CIAPS) da Faculdade de Odontologia/UFMG / Development alterations and lesions of the oral mucosa in patients assisted in the Integrated Clinics of Primary Attention (CIAPS) of the School of Dentistry of UFMG

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da prevalência das alterações de normalidade e lesões (ANLs) da mucosa bucal em pacientes atendidos nas Clínicas Integradas de Atenção Primária (CIAPs) da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFMG. Simultaneamente, realizou-se um levantamento de alterações sistêmicas e hábitos deletérios. Também foi verificado o reconhecimento das ANLs pelos alunos que fazem atendimento nas CIAPs, através do registro das alterações nos prontuários. Os resultados mostram uma diversidade de ANLs, sendo as mais frequentes hiperqueratose (19,6 por cento), manchas melânicas (16,8 por cento), língua saburrosa (8,8 por cento), grânulos de Fordyce (8,8 por cento) e úlcera traumática (8,4 por cento). Quanto às alterações sistêmicas, as mais frequentes foram hipertensão (8,8 por cento), distúrbios neurológicos (7 por cento), cardiopatias diversas, insuficiência renal e diabetes (2,3 por cento de cada). Os hábitos deletérios mais prevalentes foram etilismo (27 por cento) e tabagismo (22,8 por cento). Das ANLs encontradas, 21,6 por cento constavam nos prontuários dos pacientes e 50 ANLs relatadas nos prontuários dos pacientes, não foram confirmadas pelo exame físico durante a pesquisa. As ANLs são frequentes e o cirurgião-dentista deve estar preparado para reconhecê-las e diagnosticá-las.

Prevalência das alterações da normalidade e lesões da mucosa bucal em pacientes atendidos nas Clínicas Integradas de Atenção Primária (CIAPS) da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFMG / Development alterations and lesions of the oral mucosa in patients assisted in the Integrated Clinics of Primary Attention (CIAPS) of the School of Dentistry of UFMG

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da prevalência das alterações de normalidade e lesões (ANLs) da mucosa bucal em pacientes atendidos nas Clínicas Integradas de Atenção Primária (CIAPS) da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFMG. Simultaneamente, realizou-se um levantamento de alterações sistêmicas e hábitos deletérios. Também foi verificado o reconhecimento das ANLs pelos alunos que fazem atendimento nas CIAPs, através do registro das alterações nos prontuários. Os resultados mostram uma diversidade de ANLs, sendo as mais freqüentes hiperqueratose (19,6 por cento), as manchas melânicas (16,8 por cento), língua saburrosa (8,8 por cento), grânulos de Fordyce (8,8 por cento) e úlcera traumática (8,4 por cento). Quanto às alterações sistêmicas, as mais freqüentes foram hipertensão (8,8 por cento), distúrbios neurológicos (7 por cento), cardiopatias diversas, insuficiência renal e diabetes (2,3 por cento cada). Os hábitos deletérios mais prevalentes foram etilismo (27 por cento) e tabagismo (22,8 por cento). Das ANLs encontradas, 21,6 por cento constavam nos prontuários dos pacientes e 50 ANLs relatadas nos prontuários dos pacientes, não foram confirmados pelo exame físico durante a pesquisa. As ANLs são frequentes e o frequentes e o cirurgião-dentista deve estar preparando para reconhecê-las e diagnosticá-las.

Análise das características clínico-histopatológicas do cisto dentígero: estudo retrospectivo de 10 anos / Analysis of the clinical-histopathological characteristics of the dentigerous cyst: a retrospective study of 10 years

O cisto dentígero (CD) é o mais freqüente dos cistos odontogênicos de desenvolvimento compreendendo em cerca de 20% de todos os cistos epiteliados dos maxilares. A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar as características clínicas e his-topatológicas de casos diagnosticados como CDs no Laboratório de Patologia Cirúrgica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) no período de 1990 a 2001. Duzentos CDs tiveram os dados clínicos coletados a partir das fichas de biópsia e as características histopatológicas revisadas. Na análise dos dados clínicos encontrou-se a maioria dos casos ocorrendo na segunda década de vida (44,7%), no sexo masculino (53,7%) e na região posterior da mandíbula (74,1%). A avaliação histopatológica mostrou que 81,87% dos casos exibiam revestimento epitelial do tipo estratificado pavimentoso não-ceratinizado. Apenas 31,2% da amostra apresentaram restos epiteliais odontogê-nicos na cápsula, enquanto 46,6% dos casos exibiram infiltrado inflamatório mononuclear. Os achados histopatológicos são discutidos e o papel dos remanescentes epiteliais e da inflamação nestas lesões são avaliados. Concluímos que uma amostra brasileira de cistos dentígeros possui características clínicas similares às encontradas na literatura mundial.

Odontogenic tumors: a study of 340 cases in a Brazilian population.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determinate the relative frequency of odontogenic tumors (OTs) in a Brazilian population and to compare this data with previous reports. METHODS: We reviewed the achieves of 19 123 specimens from oral pathology laboratory of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, from 1954 to 2004. Using the criteria of histologic typification published by the World Health Organization in 1992, we classified the OTs. RESULTS: A total of 340 OTs were found. The frequency of OTs comprises 1.78% of all pathologic specimens in our laboratory. The most frequent tumor was ameloblastoma (45.2%), followed by odontomas (24.91%), and myxomas (9.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Odontogenic tumors are uncommon lesions in this Brazilian population and malignant OTs are very rare. The relative frequency of various types of OTs, age, and gender distribution are similar to those reported in African, Asian but not to Chilean and North American series.