ABSTRACT
Objective: Assess the incidence of anaphylaxis in the emergency room (ER) of a private pediatric hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and describe associated factors. Method: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational study based on the medical records of patients from 0 to 18 years old seen at the emergency unit during the years of 2016-2019, who had a diagnosis potentially related to anaphylaxis according to ICD-10. All medical records were individually reviewed for the presence of compatible signs and symptoms that identified "possible" cases of anaphylaxis. Cases were considered probable anaphylaxis when medical history was compatible and indicative of anaphylaxis in the opinion of at least 2 allergists. Results: The incidence of anaphylaxis was 0.013%. Among the 56 patients identified (mean age 4.2 years), food was the most predominant suspected factor (53%), followed by unknown factors (32%), and drugs (12.5%). All patients presented with cutaneous symptoms, 74% with respiratory, and 53% with gastrointestinal. Allergic disease as a comorbidity was found in 39% of the children and 11% had a history of previous anaphylaxis. There were neither cases of syncope or shock, nor deaths. Intramuscular (IM) adrenaline was prescribed in 37.5% of cases. Conclusions: The incidence of anaphylaxis was low when compared to the worldwide incidence. The severity of most cases was mild, cutaneous symptoms were predominant, and food was the suspected trigger most frequently associated with reactions.
ABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with the involvement of multiple organs. The disease is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore underdiagnosed. Patients who are not adequately diagnosed and treated have an estimated mortality rate ranging from 25% to 40% due to asphyxiation by laryngeal angioedema. Intestinal angioedema is another important and incapacitating presentation that may be the main or only manifestation during an attack. In this article, a group of experts from the "Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI)" and the "Grupo de Estudos Brasileiro em Angioedema Hereditário (GEBRAEH)" has updated the Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/classification , Angioedemas, Hereditary/physiopathology , Brazil , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/analysis , Complement C4/analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , HumansABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with the involvement of multiple organs. The disease is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore underdiagnosed. Patients who are not adequately diagnosed and treated have an estimated mortality rate ranging from 25% to 40% due to asphyxiation by laryngeal angioedema. Intestinal angioedema is another important and incapacitating presentation that may be the main or only manifestation during an attack. In this article, a group of experts from the "Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI)" and the "Grupo de Estudos Brasileiro em Angioedema Hereditário (GEBRAEH)" has updated the Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Brazil , Complement C4/analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/analysis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/classification , Angioedemas, Hereditary/physiopathologyABSTRACT
O rotavírus continua sendo o principal agente causador de diarreia na criança, a despeito da ampla utilização de vacinas nos programas públicos de vacinação em todo o mundo. No Brasil, a vacina monovalente foi introduzida no Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) em 2006, e a segurança da vacina está bem documentada em diferentes estudos pré e pós-licenciamento. Embora não haja nenhuma associação entre o uso da vacina rotavírus e o desenvolvimento da alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca (APLV), existe o receio, por parte de alguns pediatras e familiares, da vacina estar relacionada ao surgimento ou desencadeamento desta reação de hipersensibilidade. Este artigo faz uma revisão dos dados de segurança da vacina e aborda aspectos imunológicos das reações de hipersensibilidade, demonstrando não haver nexo causal entre a vacina e a APLV, reforçando o posicionamento e recomendações de organismos nacionais, internacionais e das sociedades científicas.
Despite the widespread use of vaccines in public immunization programs worldwide, rotavirus remains the primary cause of diarrhea in children. In Brazil, the monovalent vaccine was introduced in the National Immunization Program (Programa Nacional de Imunizações - PNI) in 2006, and its safety is well documented in different studies carried out both before and after licensing. Even though there is no association between the use of rotavirus vaccine and the development of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA), some pediatricians and family members fear that the vaccine may be somehow related to the emergence or outbreak of this hypersensitivity reaction. This article reviews safety data available for this vaccine and addresses the immunological aspects of hypersensitivity reactions. The findings demonstrate that there is no causal link between the rotavirus vaccine and CMPA, reinforcing the position and recommendations of national and international agencies as well as of scientific societies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , History, 21st Century , Milk Hypersensitivity , Rotavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Rotavirus Vaccines/adverse effects , Safety , Societies, Scientific , Immunization ProgramsABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by edema attacks with multiple organ involvement. It is caused by a quantitative or functional deficiency of the C1 inhibitor, which is a member of the serine protease inhibitor family. Hereditary angioedema is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore an underdiagnosed disease. The causes of death from hereditary angioedema include laryngeal edema with asphyxia. The estimated mortality rate in patients in whom the disease goes undetected and who are therefore incorrectly treated is 25-40%. In addition to edema of the glottis, hereditary angioedema often results in edema of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be incapacitating. Patients with hereditary angioedema may undergo unnecessary surgical interventions because the digestive tract can be the primary or only organ system involved, thus mimicking acute surgical abdomen. It is estimated that patients with hereditary angioedema experience some degree of disability 20-100 days per year. The Experts in Clinical Immunology and Allergy of the "Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunopatologia -ASBAI" developed these guidelines for the diagnosis, therapy, and management of hereditary angioedema.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , Brazil , HumansSubject(s)
Dexamethasone/adverse effects , Down Syndrome/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/diagnosis , beta-Lactams/adverse effects , Blister , Corneal Ulcer , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Down Syndrome/complications , Down Syndrome/drug therapy , Down Syndrome/physiopathology , Enterocolitis , Erythema , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Recurrence , Shock, Septic , Staphylococcal Infections/complications , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/physiopathology , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/drug therapy , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/etiology , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/physiopathology , beta-Lactams/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by edema attacks with multiple organ involvement. It is caused by a quantitative or functional deficiency of the C1 inhibitor, which is a member of the serine protease inhibitor family. Hereditary angioedema is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore an underdiagnosed disease. The causes of death from hereditary angioedema include laryngeal edema with asphyxia. The estimated mortality rate in patients in whom the disease goes undetected and who are therefore incorrectly treated is 25-40 percent. In addition to edema of the glottis, hereditary angioedema often results in edema of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be incapacitating. Patients with hereditary angioedema may undergo unnecessary surgical interventions because the digestive tract can be the primary or only organ system involved, thus mimicking acute surgical abdomen. It is estimated that patients with hereditary angioedema experience some degree of disability 20-100 days per year. The Experts in Clinical Immunology and Allergy of the "Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunopatologia -ASBAI" developed these guidelines for the diagnosis, therapy, and management of hereditary angioedema.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , BrazilABSTRACT
Objetivo: Foram analisadas as características epidemiológicas de pacientes com asma de difícil controle em acompanhamento no Serviço de Alergia e Imunologia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo. Método: Revisão de prontuários e exames complementares, entrevista com pacientes e preenchimento de protocolo. Foram selecionados pacientes com asma moderada ou grave, que se mantinham sintomáticos apesar do uso de medicação. Foram analisados: idade atual e de início dos sintomas, sexo, raça, periodicidade das crises, idas ao pronto-socorro e internações pela asma, fatores agravantes, qualidade do controle ambienta I, co-morbidades associadas, níveis de IgE (total e específica) e medicação utilizada. Resultados: Dos 47 pacientes analisados 38 necessitaram de mais de uma internação por ano e 73
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Asthma , Bronchodilator Agents , Immunoglobulin E , Immunotherapy , Patients , Diagnostic Techniques and ProceduresABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a resposta imediata ao teste de provocação nasal (TPN) em pacientes com rinite de etiologia a esclarecer no Serviço de Alergia e Imunologia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo. Pacientes e Método: Selecionamos 37 pacientes com rinite a esclarecer com relato de desencadeante específico (poeira doméstica) e apresentando exames discordantes: IgE sé rica normal ou elevada, teste cutâneo/RAST negativo. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: o primeiro formado por pacientes com IgE aumentada e o segundo com IgE normal. Realizamos o TPN com extratos de Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) e B/omia tropica/is (Bt), em concentrações crescentes, após a aplicação de solução salina 0,9. Consideramos a resposta nasal positiva pela nota clínica maior ou igual a cinco e redução do pico de fluxo nasal (PFN) maior ou igual a 30
