ABSTRACT
The existence of inactive dumps considerably increases the so-called "environmental liability"; so much so that the final destination of urban solid residues takes a prominent place on the list of environmental issues of societies(1). In the state of Santa Catarina, it can be said that, currently, the real conditions of the "final destination deposits", or simply the inactive dumps, is officially unknown. This is maybe most evident in the carboniferous area of the state that already suffers from the environmental impact of coal mining. This study attempts to make a survey of the inactive dumps in the carboniferous area of Santa Catarina, analysing the risks they represent to public health and to the environment. The results gathered show that, of the eleven municipal districts in the carboniferous area, nine have inactive dumps. In these nine districts, there are eleven inactive dumps that, according to the this evaluation, represent a large risk to public health and the environment when the parameters analysed are taken into acount.
Subject(s)
Environment , Public Health , Refuse Disposal , Brazil , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
A existência de lixões inativos aumenta consideravelmente o assim denominado "passivo ambiental"; tanto que a destinação final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos ocupa lugar primordial na pauta das questões ambientais das sociedades¹. No estado de Santa Catarina, pode-se afirmar que, atualmente, é formalmente desconhecido o estado real em que se encontram os "depósitos de destinação final" ou, mais simplesmente, os lixões inativos. Isto é talvez mais evidente na região carbonífera do estado, já tão sacrificada pelos impactos ambientais da mineração do carvão. Este trabalho buscou realizar um levantamento dos lixões inativos na região carbonífera de Santa Catarina, analisando os riscos que estes representam à saúde pública e ao meio ambiente. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, dos onze municípios pertencentes à região carbonífera, nove possuem lixões inativos. Nesses nove municípios, há onze lixões inativos que, segundo a presente avaliação, apresentam grande risco à saúde da população e ao meio ambiente quando considerados os parâmetros analisados.
The existence of inactive dumps considerably increases the so-called "environmental liability"; so much so that the final destination of urban solid residues takes a prominent place on the list of environmental issues of societies¹. In the state of Santa Catarina, it can be said that, currently, the real conditions of the "final destination deposits", or simply the inactive dumps, is officially unknown. This is maybe most evident in the carboniferous area of the state that already suffers from the environmental impact of coal mining. This study attempts to make a survey of the inactive dumps in the carboniferous area of Santa Catarina, analysing the risks they represent to public health and to the environment. The results gathered show that, of the eleven municipal districts in the carboniferous area, nine have inactive dumps. In these nine districts, there are eleven inactive dumps that, according to the this evaluation, represent a large risk to public health and the environment when the parameters analysed are taken into acount.
Subject(s)
Coal , Open Dumps , Environment , Solid Waste , Environmental Hazards , Public Health , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
We have evaluated the clinical symptoms, hematological features, and natural history of 3 cases and 20 reported cases described as Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) essential thrombocythemia (ET). The presence of increased small mononuclear megakaryocytes in bone marrow smears and biopsy material in patients with pronounced thrombocytosis and no evidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in peripheral blood appeared to be a diagnostic clue to the diagnosis of Ph+ (essential) thrombocythemia. As compared to cases of reactive thrombocytosis, the megakaryocytes in Ph+ thrombocythemia are smaller than normal ones and typically have hypolobulated round nuclei. This contrasts with the finding of clustered mature and enlarged megakaryocytes in Ph-negative true ET. Patients diagnosed as Ph+ ET may progress to CML and show a high tendency to myelofibrosis and blastic transformation. These observations indicate that both Ph+ ET and Ph+ thrombocythemia associated with CML can be regarded as early manifestations of the chronic stable phase of CML.
