ABSTRACT
El vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno es la entidad más frecuente dentro de los vértigos de origen periférico. Se caracteriza por crisis de vértigo desencadenadas por cambios posicionales de la cabeza y de corta duración. Suele presentarse en los mayores de 40-50 años, y hasta el 50% de los casos no se deben a una causa conocida, por lo que se habla de vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno idiopático. Debido a la alta incidencia del vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno, consideramos de especial trascendencia poseer los conocimientos necesarios para poder diagnosticar y tratar con eficacia esta afección en el ámbito de la medicina de atención primaria, ya que en la mayoría de los casos se obtienen excelentes resultados a través de unas maniobras específicas y fáciles de realizar (AU)
The benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common disease in the group of peripheral vertigo. It's characterized by vertiginous sensation triggered by the positional changes of the head and usually lasts less than one minute. It is most frequently seen in middle-aged patients (40-50 years old) and in up 50% of cases we do not know the cause, so we refer to them as idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Because of the high incidence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in general population, it is of utmost importance to be aware of the differential diagnosis and to be able to treat this pathology with efficacy, because in most cases we can achieve excellent results performing specific and simple maneuvers (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Vertigo/diagnosis , Vertigo/therapy , Dizziness/complications , Dizziness/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Quality of Life , Narcolepsy/complications , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends , Primary Health Care , Dizziness/physiopathology , Manipulation, Spinal , Musculoskeletal Manipulations/methods , Musculoskeletal Manipulations/trends , Musculoskeletal ManipulationsABSTRACT
The benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common disease in the group of peripheral vertigo. It's characterized by vertiginous sensation triggered by the positional changes of the head and usually lasts less than one minute. It is most frequently seen in middle-aged patients (40-50 years old) and in up 50% of cases we do not know the cause, so we refer to them as idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Because of the high incidence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in general population, it is of utmost importance to be aware of the differential diagnosis and to be able to treat this pathology with efficacy, because in most cases we can achieve excellent results performing specific and simple maneuvers.
Subject(s)
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo/therapy , Primary Health Care , Adult , Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo/diagnosis , Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
La hipoacusia súbita es una pérdida auditiva neurosensorial de rápida instauración (horas o días) en un individuo aparentemente sano. La etiología puede ser amplia y multifactorial. La mayoría de los pacientes no recuperan la audición en su evolución natural e incluso algunos pueden desarrollar una cofosis del oído afecto. Es una urgencia otológica, ya que la pronta instauración terapéutica logra ofrecer un mejor pronóstico auditivo. Debido al escaso conocimiento de esta enfermedad, puede ser infradiagnosticada en centros de atención primaria. En su diagnóstico no es necesario el manejo de instrumental avanzado: basta con una detallada historia clínica, una otoscopia normal y la correcta interpretación de la acumetría (diapasones). De esta forma se logra un diagnóstico certero en la mayoría de los casos, el cual se confirmará mediante audiometría (AU)
Sudden hearing loss is a rapid loss of neurosensory hearing that may occur within hours or days in an apparently healthy patient. Its origins are variable and multifactorial. Most patients do not recover hearing if not treated, and some even develop cophosis (deafness) in the affected ear. It is an otological emergency, as early therapeutic management offers a better hearing prognosis. As there is limited knowledge on this condition, it may be underdiagnosed in Primary Health Care Centers. It should be suspected in patients with abrupt hearing loss or tinnitus. Sophisticated instruments are not required for its diagnosis, just a detailed history, basic otoscopy, and proper interpretation of the hearing test. In this way, an accurate diagnosis is achieved in most cases, which is confirmed by audiometry (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/therapy , Audiometry , Primary Health Care/methods , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
Sudden hearing loss is a rapid loss of neurosensory hearing that may occur within hours or days in an apparently healthy patient. Its origins are variable and multifactorial. Most patients do not recover hearing if not treated, and some even develop cophosis (deafness) in the affected ear. It is an otological emergency, as early therapeutic management offers a better hearing prognosis. As there is limited knowledge on this condition, it may be underdiagnosed in Primary Health Care Centers. It should be suspected in patients with abrupt hearing loss or tinnitus. Sophisticated instruments are not required for its diagnosis, just a detailed history, basic otoscopy, and proper interpretation of the hearing test. In this way, an accurate diagnosis is achieved in most cases, which is confirmed by audiometry.
