ABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de investigar a incidência de disfonias em professores de pré-escola do ensino regular da rede particular da Cidade de Campo Grande/MS, foram triados todos os professores da pré-escola de escolas cadastradas no senso educacional do ano de 1997 pela Secretaria de Estado de Educaçäo/MS (Secretaria..., 1997). Os objetivos específicos foram: caracterizar a populaçäo, verificar a incidência de alteraçäo vocal, verificar quel o sintoma auditivo e sensorial mais frequente, verificar o número de professores com alteraçäo vocal e relacionar a disfonia com o uso profissional da voz, idade, tempo de magistério e carga horária. Após a aplicaçäo da triagem fonoaudiológica foi feito exame otorrinolaringológico. Os resultados mostraram que 30,8 por cento da amostra apresentaram disfonia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Child Day Care Centers/education , Voice Disorders/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Twelve patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were studied in order to evaluate whether the favourable effect of Nifedipine on the right heart is due to a direct action of the drug on pulmonary resistances or is related to an improvement of left ventricular function. Echocardiographic examination of left and right heart was performed at basic conditions, after Nifedipine treatment--20 mg sublingually--and after 20 minutes of oxygen breathing (FiO2 75%). This was done in order to verify if oxygen vasodilating action could potentiate the Nifedipine effect. Echocardiographic date were obtained in basic conditions, 10, 20 and 30 minutes after Nifedipine and immediately after oxygen breathing. Ten normal subjects were used for comparison for basic data. Peak Nifedipine activity was observed 10 minutes after administration. At this time inferior vena cava emptying index and systolic pulsation were significantly increased, whereas left and right ventricle isometric contraction time, left and right ventricle ejection time, left and right ventricle isovolumetric relaxation time, end-diastolic left ventricular diameter, inferior vena cava diameters and systolic blood pressure had decreased, thus showing the favourable effect of Nifedipine of both heart sides. Heart rate did not significantly change. Oxygen inhalation induced a significant decrease of right ventricular isovolumetric relaxation and an increase of the inferior vena cava indexes, suggesting an improvement in right heart function, without any change in other parameters. No significant difference was found between data after-oxygen and data obtained 10' after Nifedipine, showing that the Nifedipine effect was not potentiated by oxygen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/drug therapy , Echocardiography , Nifedipine/pharmacology , Pulmonary Circulation/drug effects , Administration, Sublingual , Adult , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Coronary Circulation/drug effects , Female , Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nifedipine/administration & dosage , Oxygen Inhalation TherapyABSTRACT
A 34-year-old woman without heart disease had an acute pulmonary edema after a grand mal seizure. Neurogenic pulmonary edema is characterized by the primary role played by the central nervous system in its pathogenesis, usually in the absence of cardiopulmonary disease. We believe that the initiating mechanism was a marked, although brief, generalized vasoconstriction, followed by a shift of blood from the peripheral vascular bed to the pulmonary vascular bed. We stress the need of treating the underlying neurologic disease as the only regional way of preventing the recurrence of pulmonary edema.
