Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with skeletal Class III malocclusion, posterior crossbite and mandibular asymmetry.

Class III malocclusion represents a very heterogeneous clinical condition that is characterized by the combination of a wide variety of skeletal and/or dental components. Given the wide diversity, diagnosis and treatment of such malocclusion has always been a challenge for clinicians. Despite the different treatment options available, the treatment approach in the adult patient must depend fundamentally on the patient's decision, guided by the orthodontist and the maxillofacial surgeon. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with Class III malocclusion, with posterior crossbite and anterior edge-to-edge bite with fixed appliances and skeletal anchorage, an interdisciplinary, nonsurgical approach for a skeletal malocclusion. Firstly, to improve the posterior transverse relationship a band-soldered compressed lingual arch was cemented to the mandibular first molars. Then, once a correct transverse relationship was achieved, two miniscrews were placed distal to the mandibular second molars to distalize the whole mandibular arch, and avoid excessive inclination of maxillary incisors to improve dentofacial esthetics. At the end of the treatment, all the objectives planned at the beginning had been achieved and remained stable after the retention period. Key words:Clase III, orthodontic treatment, distalizing, appliances, posterior crossbite.

Improving the Antibacterial Properties of Dental Bonding Materials Loaded with Silver Compounds.

Biofilm accumulation, the appearance of white spot lesions and the development of secondary caries are the main complications in orthodontic patients. A promising approach to fight this situation is the development of adhesive cements with improved antibacterial properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of improving the antibacterial properties of glass ionomer cements by incorporating different types of antimicrobial compounds without altering their physical and mechanical properties. Different concentrations of silver carbonate (SC) and an inorganic glass with encapsulated silver were added to the glass ionomer cement, as well as chitosan, to achieve synergistic antibacterial activity. Variations in the antibacterial capacity were evaluated using the agar diffusion test; the potential alteration of the physical and mechanical properties of the material was analyzed by the shear bond strength test. SEM characterization and colorimetric evaluation were also conducted. Samples of SC up to 1% and inorganic glass with encapsulated silver up to 5% showed significant improvement in their antibacterial ability without compromising shear strength. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for Lactobacillus acidophilus, with inhibition zones of 3.8 and 3.1 mm for SC and inorganic glass, respectively. The characterization of the samples did not detect any major structural changes between the different samples. The only group that underwent a noticeable color change was the group with SC. The results show that the incorporation of silver carbonate and inorganic glass with encapsulated silver provided the glass ionomer cement with an antibacterial capacity without compromising the bond strength and without modifying the structure of the material.

Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles in Dental Restorative Materials. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background and Objectives: Nanotechnology has become a significant area of research focused mainly on increasing the antibacterial and mechanical properties of dental materials. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine and quantitatively analyze the current evidence for the addition of different nanoparticles into dental restorative materials, to determine whether their incorporation increases the antibacterial/antimicrobial properties of the materials. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases, up to December 2018, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results: A total of 624 papers were identified in the initial search. After screening the texts and applying inclusion criteria, only 11 of these were selected for quantitative analysis. The incorporation of nanoparticles led to a significant increase (p-value <0.01) in the antibacterial capacity of all the dental materials synthesized in comparison with control materials. Conclusions: The incorporation of nanoparticles into dental restorative materials was a favorable option; the antibacterial activity of nanoparticle-modified dental materials was significantly higher compared with the original unmodified materials, TiO2 nanoparticles providing the greatest benefits. However, the high heterogeneity among the articles reviewed points to the need for further research and the application of standardized research protocols.

Oral health-related quality of life of adolescents after orthodontic treatment. A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Given the prevalence of malocclusions and the impact they have on oral health, patients' quality of life assessments provide useful information, not only in terms of patients' needs and expectations before treatment, but about whether or not orthodontic treatments meet them satisfactorily. The present systematic review was carried out to evaluate changes in the quality of life of adolescent patients after orthodontic treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and Scopus databases. The review followed PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of the 817 studies identified in the initial search, only 10 met the inclusion criteria. In relation to the instrument used to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), half the studies used the oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the other half the child perceptions questionnaire (CPQ 11-14). All the studies, with the exception of Benson et al., reported a significant improvement in OHRQoL at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between OHRQoL and orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients. Key words:Quality of life, life quality, oral health related quality of life, QoL, OHRQoL, orthodontic treatment, adolescents, teenagers.