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1.
Breed Sci ; 66(4): 572-579, 2016 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27795682

ABSTRACT

Starch represents a major nutrient in the human diet providing essentially a source of energy. More recently the modification of its composition has been associated with new functionalities both at the nutritional and technological level. Targeting the major starch biosynthetic enzymes has been shown to be a valuable strategy to manipulate the amylose-amylopectin ratio in reserve starch. In the present work a breeding strategy aiming to produce a set of SSIIa (starch synthases IIa) null durum wheat is described. We have characterized major traits such as seed weight, total starch, amylose, protein and ß-glucan content in a set of mutant families derived from the introgression of the SSIIa null trait into Svevo, an elite Italian durum wheat cultivar. A large degree of variability was detected and used to select wheat lines with either improved quality traits or agronomic performances. Semolina of a set of two SSIIa null lines showed new rheological behavior and an increased content of all major dietary fiber components, namely arabinoxylans, ß-glucans and resistant starch. Furthermore the investigation of gene expression highlighted important differences in some genes involved in starch and ß-glucans biosynthesis.

2.
Toxins (Basel) ; 6(1): 81-95, 2013 Dec 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24368326

ABSTRACT

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most prevalent trichothecene in Europe and its occurrence is associated with infections of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat. Resistance to FHB is a complex character and high variability occurs in the relationship between DON content and FHB incidence. DON conjugation to glucose (DON-3-glucoside, D3G) is the primary plant mechanism for resistance towards DON accumulation. Although this mechanism has been already described in bread wheat and barley, no data are reported so far about durum wheat, a key cereal in the pasta production chain. To address this issue, the ability of durum wheat to detoxify and convert deoxynivalenol into D3G was studied under greenhouse controlled conditions. Four durum wheat varieties (Svevo, Claudio, Kofa and Neodur) were assessed for DON-D3G conversion; Sumai 3, a bread wheat variety carrying a major QTL for FHB resistance (QFhs.ndsu-3B), was used as a positive control. Data reported hereby clearly demonstrate the ability of durum wheat to convert deoxynivalenol into its conjugated form, D3G.


Subject(s)
Mycotoxins/metabolism , Triticum/metabolism , Disease Resistance/genetics , Ergosterol/analysis , Fusarium/growth & development , Glucosides/metabolism , Hordeum/genetics , Hordeum/metabolism , Hordeum/microbiology , Plant Diseases/genetics , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Quantitative Trait Loci , Trichothecenes/metabolism , Triticum/genetics , Triticum/microbiology
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