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1.
Ecology ; 99(11): 2625, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30229895

ABSTRACT

Mortality from collision with vehicles is the most visible impact of road traffic on wildlife. Mortality due to roads (hereafter road-kill) can affect the dynamic of populations of many species and can, therefore, increase the risk of local decline or extinction. This is especially true in Brazil, where plans for road network upgrading and expansion overlaps biodiversity hotspot areas, which are of high importance for global conservation. Researchers, conservationists and road planners face the challenge to define a national strategy for road mitigation and wildlife conservation. The main goal of this dataset is a compilation of geo-referenced road-kill data from published and unpublished road surveys. This is the first Data Paper in the BRAZIL series (see ATLANTIC, NEOTROPICAL, and BRAZIL collections of Data Papers published in Ecology), which aims make public road-kill data for species in the Brazilian Regions. The dataset encompasses road-kill records from 45 personal communications and 26 studies published in peer-reviewed journals, theses and reports. The road-kill dataset comprises 21,512 records, 83% of which are identified to the species level (n = 450 species). The dataset includes records of 31 amphibian species, 90 reptile species, 229 bird species, and 99 mammal species. One species is classified as Endangered, eight as Vulnerable and twelve as Near Threatened. The species with the highest number of records are: Didelphis albiventris (n = 1,549), Volatinia jacarina (n = 1,238), Cerdocyon thous (n = 1,135), Helicops infrataeniatus (n = 802), and Rhinella icterica (n = 692). Most of the records came from southern Brazil. However, observations of the road-kill incidence for non-Least Concern species are more spread across the country. This dataset can be used to identify which taxa seems to be vulnerable to traffic, analyze temporal and spatial patterns of road-kill at local, regional and national scales and also used to understand the effects of road-kill on population persistence. It may also contribute to studies that aims to understand the influence of landscape and environmental influences on road-kills, improve our knowledge on road-related strategies on biodiversity conservation and be used as complementary information on large-scale and macroecological studies. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set other than citation of this Data Paper.

2.
Iheringia. Sér. Zool. ; 108: e2018002, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-16511

ABSTRACT

Phyllostomid bats are potential seed dispersers, due to their foraging habit and great mobility, and are the main species responsible for regeneration of neotropical forests. In Mato Grosso do Sul, research on bats diets is concentrated in the Pantanal region, with few studies focusing on the Cerrado portion, and only one study from an urban area. The objective of this study was to analyze the diets of frugivorous phyllostomid bats from two urban remnants of Cerrado in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, evaluating whether the diet formulation of the species is based on preferences food. Bats were captured from two conservation units (the Dahma Ecological Station and Prosa State Park) for 12 nights in each area, using six mist nets, which were left open for six hours after sunset. After capture, each bat was kept in an individual cotton bag for one hour to collect a fecal sample. Fecal samples were individually stored in hermetic bottles, placed in glycerin, and then analyzed in the laboratory. All seeds found in the samples were identified. 250 bats were captured, distributed in ten species, eight genera, and two families. Phyllostomids constituted 93.2% of the captures (n = 233). The most frequent species were Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27.6%) and Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27.2%). Seeds were found in 46 fecal samples from seven species of phyllostomid bats. Most of the seeds found were from the family Piperaceae (69.6% of the samples), and was a key resource consumed by almost all phyllostomid species. Frugivores help maintain conservation units, as they promote self-renewal, and frugivory is an important process for forest remnants. Since these bats exclusively consumed pioneer species, they play a key role in maintaining these urban remnants of Cerrado.(AU)


Os morcegos filostomídeos são potenciais dispersores de sementes, devido ao seu hábito de forrageio e grande mobilidade, sendo os principais responsáveis pela regeneração de florestas neotropicais. No Mato Grosso do Sul as pesquisas com dieta de morcegos se concentram na região do Pantanal, com poucos trabalhos focados na porção de Cerrado, e somente um em área urbana. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a dieta de filostomídeos frugívoros em dois remanescentes urbanos de Cerrado em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, avaliando-se se a formulação da dieta das espécies é baseada em preferências alimentares específicas ou não. Os morcegos foram capturados em duas unidades de conservação (a Estação Ecológica Dahma e o Parque Estadual do Prosa) por 12 noites em cada área, usando-se seis redes-de-neblina, que permaneceram abertas durante seis horas a partir do ocaso. Após a captura, cada morcego foi mantido em saco de algodão individual por uma hora para coleta das fezes. As amostras fecais foram armazenadas individualmente em frasco hermético e imersas em glicerina, sendo posteriormente analisadas em laboratório. Todas as sementes encontradas nas amostras foram identificadas. Foram capturados 250 morcegos, distribuídos em dez espécies, oito gêneros e duas famílias. Os filostomídeos constituíram 93,2% das capturas (n=233). As espécies mais frequentes foram Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27,6%) e Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27,2%). Foram encontradas sementes em 46 amostras fecais de sete espécies de morcegos filostomídeos. A maioria das sementes encontradas era da família Piperaceae (69,6% das amostras), sendo um recurso-chave consumido por quase todas as espécies de filostomídeos. Os frugívoros auxiliam na manutenção de unidades de conservação, pois promovem a auto-renovação, sendo a frugivoria um processo importante em remanescentes florestais...(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Seed Dispersal , Piperaceae , Chiroptera , Fruit/supply & distribution , Grassland , Pollination , Conservation of Natural Resources , Brazil
3.
Iheringia, Sér. zool ; 108: e2018002, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1483202

ABSTRACT

Phyllostomid bats are potential seed dispersers, due to their foraging habit and great mobility, and are the main species responsible for regeneration of neotropical forests. In Mato Grosso do Sul, research on bats diets is concentrated in the Pantanal region, with few studies focusing on the Cerrado portion, and only one study from an urban area. The objective of this study was to analyze the diets of frugivorous phyllostomid bats from two urban remnants of Cerrado in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, evaluating whether the diet formulation of the species is based on preferences food. Bats were captured from two conservation units (the Dahma Ecological Station and Prosa State Park) for 12 nights in each area, using six mist nets, which were left open for six hours after sunset. After capture, each bat was kept in an individual cotton bag for one hour to collect a fecal sample. Fecal samples were individually stored in hermetic bottles, placed in glycerin, and then analyzed in the laboratory. All seeds found in the samples were identified. 250 bats were captured, distributed in ten species, eight genera, and two families. Phyllostomids constituted 93.2% of the captures (n = 233). The most frequent species were Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27.6%) and Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27.2%). Seeds were found in 46 fecal samples from seven species of phyllostomid bats. Most of the seeds found were from the family Piperaceae (69.6% of the samples), and was a key resource consumed by almost all phyllostomid species. Frugivores help maintain conservation units, as they promote self-renewal, and frugivory is an important process for forest remnants. Since these bats exclusively consumed pioneer species, they play a key role in maintaining these urban remnants of Cerrado.


Os morcegos filostomídeos são potenciais dispersores de sementes, devido ao seu hábito de forrageio e grande mobilidade, sendo os principais responsáveis pela regeneração de florestas neotropicais. No Mato Grosso do Sul as pesquisas com dieta de morcegos se concentram na região do Pantanal, com poucos trabalhos focados na porção de Cerrado, e somente um em área urbana. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a dieta de filostomídeos frugívoros em dois remanescentes urbanos de Cerrado em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, avaliando-se se a formulação da dieta das espécies é baseada em preferências alimentares específicas ou não. Os morcegos foram capturados em duas unidades de conservação (a Estação Ecológica Dahma e o Parque Estadual do Prosa) por 12 noites em cada área, usando-se seis redes-de-neblina, que permaneceram abertas durante seis horas a partir do ocaso. Após a captura, cada morcego foi mantido em saco de algodão individual por uma hora para coleta das fezes. As amostras fecais foram armazenadas individualmente em frasco hermético e imersas em glicerina, sendo posteriormente analisadas em laboratório. Todas as sementes encontradas nas amostras foram identificadas. Foram capturados 250 morcegos, distribuídos em dez espécies, oito gêneros e duas famílias. Os filostomídeos constituíram 93,2% das capturas (n=233). As espécies mais frequentes foram Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27,6%) e Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27,2%). Foram encontradas sementes em 46 amostras fecais de sete espécies de morcegos filostomídeos. A maioria das sementes encontradas era da família Piperaceae (69,6% das amostras), sendo um recurso-chave consumido por quase todas as espécies de filostomídeos. Os frugívoros auxiliam na manutenção de unidades de conservação, pois promovem a auto-renovação, sendo a frugivoria um processo importante em remanescentes florestais...


Subject(s)
Animals , Seed Dispersal , Fruit/supply & distribution , Piperaceae , Grassland , Chiroptera , Brazil , Conservation of Natural Resources , Pollination
4.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1483222

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Phyllostomid bats are potential seed dispersers, due to their foraging habit and great mobility, and are the main species responsible for regeneration of neotropical forests. In Mato Grosso do Sul, research on bats diets is concentrated in the Pantanal region, with few studies focusing on the Cerrado portion, and only one study from an urban area. The objective of this study was to analyze the diets of frugivorous phyllostomid bats from two urban remnants of Cerrado in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, evaluating whether the diet formulation of the species is based on preferences food. Bats were captured from two conservation units (the Dahma Ecological Station and Prosa State Park) for 12 nights in each area, using six mist nets, which were left open for six hours after sunset. After capture, each bat was kept in an individual cotton bag for one hour to collect a fecal sample. Fecal samples were individually stored in hermetic bottles, placed in glycerin, and then analyzed in the laboratory. All seeds found in the samples were identified. 250 bats were captured, distributed in ten species, eight genera, and two families. Phyllostomids constituted 93.2% of the captures (n = 233). The most frequent species were Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27.6%) and Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27.2%). Seeds were found in 46 fecal samples from seven species of phyllostomid bats. Most of the seeds found were from the family Piperaceae (69.6% of the samples), and was a key resource consumed by almost all phyllostomid species. Frugivores help maintain conservation units, as they promote self-renewal, and frugivory is an important process for forest remnants. Since these bats exclusively consumed pioneer species, they play a key role in maintaining these urban remnants of Cerrado.


RESUMO Os morcegos filostomídeos são potenciais dispersores de sementes, devido ao seu hábito de forrageio e grande mobilidade, sendo os principais responsáveis pela regeneração de florestas neotropicais. No Mato Grosso do Sul as pesquisas com dieta de morcegos se concentram na região do Pantanal, com poucos trabalhos focados na porção de Cerrado, e somente um em área urbana. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a dieta de filostomídeos frugívoros em dois remanescentes urbanos de Cerrado em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, avaliando-se se a formulação da dieta das espécies é baseada em preferências alimentares específicas ou não. Os morcegos foram capturados em duas unidades de conservação (a Estação Ecológica Dahma e o Parque Estadual do Prosa) por 12 noites em cada área, usando-se seis redes-de-neblina, que permaneceram abertas durante seis horas a partir do ocaso. Após a captura, cada morcego foi mantido em saco de algodão individual por uma hora para coleta das fezes. As amostras fecais foram armazenadas individualmente em frasco hermético e imersas em glicerina, sendo posteriormente analisadas em laboratório. Todas as sementes encontradas nas amostras foram identificadas. Foram capturados 250 morcegos, distribuídos em dez espécies, oito gêneros e duas famílias. Os filostomídeos constituíram 93,2% das capturas (n=233). As espécies mais frequentes foram Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) (27,6%) e Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) (27,2%). Foram encontradas sementes em 46 amostras fecais de sete espécies de morcegos filostomídeos. A maioria das sementes encontradas era da família Piperaceae (69,6% das amostras), sendo um recurso-chave consumido por quase todas as espécies de filostomídeos. Os frugívoros auxiliam na manutenção de unidades de conservação, pois promovem a auto-renovação, sendo a frugivoria um processo importante em remanescentes florestais. O consumo exclusivo de espécies pioneiras é um indício do papel de morcegos na manutenção destes remanescentes urbanos de Cerrado.

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