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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36361217

ABSTRACT

The perception of the existence of deficits in patient safety, the associated costs and the limitation of resources have made it essential to define improvement strategies. Important concepts have emerged, such as safety climate, which evaluates the perceptions of safety status held by professionals in relation to their organization. The aim of this study is to characterize the safety climate in primary health care (PHC) using the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ)-Short Form 2006 PT and to assess associations between SAQ-Short Form 2006 PT scores and demographic and professional characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted in all public PHC units in the northern region of Portugal. Data were collected through an online questionnaire shared via institutional emails and by means of a snowball approach. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were performed. Statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. A total of 649/7427 (8.7%) responses were included in the analyses. The mean and median total SAQ-Short Form 2006 PT scores were 69.23 (SD = 15.73, range 22.22-100.00) and 71.53 [59.03; 79.86], respectively. This is the first study to assess the safety climate in PHC in Portugal. The median obtained total SAQ-Short Form 2006 PT score was 71.53 [59.03; 79.86], which is below the threshold of ≥75, indicating safety deficits.


Subject(s)
Organizational Culture , Safety Management , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Psychometrics , Attitude of Health Personnel , Surveys and Questionnaires , Primary Health Care
2.
Lasers Med Sci ; 36(3): 681-690, 2021 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32813258

ABSTRACT

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck malignancy; it has been shown that cancer stem cells (CSC) are present in OSCC and associated with tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an alternative tool for oncologic treatment adverse effects such as oral mucositis (OM); however, controversy exists regarding the undesirable effects of PBM on tumor or CSC. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro, the effects of PBM, with the same dosimetric parameters as those used in the clinic for OM prevention and treatment, on OSCC cellular viability, as well as PBM's effect on CSC properties and its phenotype. OSCC cell lines were submitted to single or daily PBM with 3 J/cm2 and 6 J/cm2 and then the cellular viability was evaluated by MTT, NRU (neutral red uptake), and CVS (crystal violet staining). The CSC populations were evaluated by clonogenic formation assay, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR. The single PBM with the 3 J/cm2 group was associated with increased cellular viability. Daily PBM with 3 J/cm2 and 6 J/cm2 was associated with a significant decrease in cellular viability. Additionally, daily PBM was not able to promote CSC self-renewal or the CD44high/ESAlow and CD44high/ESAhigh cellular phenotypes. Moreover, a decrease in the number of spheres and in the expression of the CSC related gene BMI1 was observed after daily PBM with 6 J/cm2. Daily PBM with 3 J/cm2 and 6 J/cm2 showed an inhibitory effect on cellular viability and was not able to promote the CSC self-renewal or phenotype.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Low-Level Light Therapy , Mouth Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology , Neoplastic Stem Cells/radiation effects , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Colony-Forming Units Assay , Humans , Low-Level Light Therapy/adverse effects , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Phenotype
3.
Referência ; serV(3): 1-8, jul. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1143613

ABSTRACT

Enquadramento: O parto é temido por ambos os sexos, conduzindo ao aumento das taxas de cesariana eletiva e medicalização. Embora seja mais temido na gravidez, a sua avaliação em populações não-grávidas contribui para uma intervenção precoce. Objetivo: Traduzir, adaptar e verificar as propriedades psicométricas de um instrumento que se propõe medir o medo do parto antes da gravidez, em população não-grávida. Metodologia: Estudo metodológico, recorrendo à tradução-retroversão e análise das propriedades psicométricas (fidelidade e validade) recorrendo à administração da Escala do Medo do Parto antes da Gravidez (EMPAG) e da Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress de 21 itens (EADS - 21). Resultados: A versão da escala adaptada, junto de 327 estudantes universitários, cumpriu os critérios de equivalência semântica, idiomática, experiencial e conceitual e apresenta boa consistência interna (a = 0,88) e estabilidade temporal. É constituída por 10 itens e explicada por 3 fatores, não existindo correlação com a EADS-21. Conclusão: O estudo preliminar da EMPAG apresentou boas qualidades psicométricas. Sugere-se o alargamento da amostra para sustentação dos resultados obtidos.


Background: Childbirth is feared by both women and men, leading to increased elective caesarean section rates and medicalization. Although it is most feared during pregnancy, its assessment in non-pregnant populations contributes to an early intervention. Objective: To translate, adapt, and test the psychometric properties of an instrument to measure childbirth fear prior to pregnancy in non-pregnant populations. Methodology: Methodological study, forward-backward translation, and psychometric analysis (reliability and validity) of the Portuguese version of the Childbirth Fear Prior to Pregnancy Scale (EMPAG). Both the EMPAG and the Portuguese version of the 21-item Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (EADS-21) were applied. Results: The adapted version of the scale, which was applied to 327 university students, met the criteria of semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual equivalence and had good internal consistency (a = 0.88) and temporal stability. It consists of 10 items and is explained by 3 factors, without correlation with the EADS-21. Conclusion: The preliminary study of the EMPAG showed good psychometric qualities. It is suggested that the sample should be larger to support the results obtained in this study.


Marco contextual: Ambos sexos temen el parto, lo que lleva a un aumento de las tasas de cesárea electiva y de medicalización. Aunque se teme más en el embarazo, su evaluación en poblaciones no embarazadas contribuye a la intervención temprana. Objetivo: Traducir, adaptar y verificar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento que se propone medir el miedo al parto antes del embarazo en una población no embarazada. Metodología: Estudio metodológico, en el que se recurrió a la traducción-retroversión y al análisis de las propiedades psicométricas (fidelidad y validez) mediante la administración de la Escala del Miedo al Embarazo (EMPAG) y la Escala de Ansiedad, Depresión y Estrés de 21 ítems (EADS-21). Resultados: La versión adaptada de la escala, junto con 327 estudiantes universitarios, cumplió los criterios de equivalencia semántica, idiomática, experiencial y conceptual, y tiene una buena consistencia interna (a = 0,88) y estabilidad temporal. Consta de 10 elementos y se explica por 3 factores, no existe correlación con EADS-21. Conclusión: El estudio preliminar de EMPAG mostró buenas cualidades psicométricas. Se sugiere ampliar la muestra para respaldar los resultados obtenidos.


Subject(s)
Parturition , Fear , Psychometrics , Pregnancy , Education
4.
Investig. enferm ; 222020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1178687

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de um programa de promoção da inteligência emocional, em enfermeiros em exercício de funções num hospital do Porto. Metodo: Estudo exploratório e quase-experimental, misto, com recurso à Escala de Inteligência Emocional de Wong e Law; Continuum de Saúde Mental- versão reduzida para adultos; Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress ­ 21 itens; Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory. A amostra incluiu 6 enfermeiros, maioritariamente do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas entre os 29 e os 35. Resultados: Os enfermeiros desenvolveram e aplicaram estratégias mais eficazes ao nível da autoconsciência, clarificação, autorregulação emocional, comunicação e gestão do conflito, permitindo um maior bem-estar social e emocional. Conclusões: O desenvolvimento de competências de Inteligência Emocional são essenciais na prestação de cuidados, permitindo a adoção de comportamentos adaptativos, a aprimoração de habilidades de gestão/regulação emocional promovendo o bem-estar, fulcrais para o processo de humanizar os cuidados.


Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a program to promote emotional intelligence on nurses working on their regular functions in a hospital in Porto. Method: Exploratory quasi-experimental mixed study using as resources the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale; Mental Health Continuum - short version for adults; the Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Scale - 21 items; and the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory. The sample included 6 nurses, most of them female, between 29 and 35 years of age. Results: The nurses developed and applied more effective strategies at the self-awareness, clarification, emotional self-regulation, communication, and conflict management levels, allowing for greater social and emotional well-being. Conclusions: The development of Emotional Intelligence competencies is essential in the provision of care, enabling the adoption of adaptive behaviors, the improvement of management/emotional regulation skills for the promotion of well-being, which are central to the humanization process of care.


Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un programa de promoción de la inteligencia emocional, en enfermeros en ejercicio de sus funciones en un hospital do Porto. Método: Estudio exploratorio de corte casi-experimental, mixto, con recursos en la Escala de Inteligencia Emocional de Wong y Law; Continuum de Salud Mental- versión reducida para adultos; Escala de Ansiedad, Depresión y estrés ­ 21 items; Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory. La muestra incluyó 6 enfermeros, mayoritariamente de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre los 29 y los 35 años. Resultados: Los enfermeros desarrollaron y aplicaron estrategias más eficaces a nivel de la autoconsciencia, la clarificación, la autorregulación emocional, la comunicación y la gestión del conflicto, permitiendo un mayor bienestar social y emocional. Conclusiones: El desarrollo de competencias de Inteligencia Emocional son esenciales en la prestación de cuidados, permitiendo la adopción de comportamientos adaptativos, el perfeccionamiento de habilidades de gestión/regulación emocional promoviendo el bienestar, centrales para el proceso de humanización de los cuidados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Effectiveness , Emotional Intelligence , Nurses
5.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 18(3): 127-140, dez. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-956014

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se comparar o engajamento das crianças com pares e nas atividades, antes e depois de participarem em brincadeiras coordenadas por um adulto na creche. Vinte crianças com idades entre 36 e 46 meses, em creche filantrópica, participaram de 20 sessões de brincadeiras. Precedendo e sucedendo esse período, elas foram filmadas por nove dias em atividades livres. Simultaneamente, uma observadora registrava comportamentos interativos e brincadeiras, focalizando cada criança por dois minutos. Esse registro era completado com a observação das filmagens. Categorizaram-se as brincadeiras em solitária, paralela, associativa e cooperativa, e os comportamentos como gregário, comunicação amigável com ou sem foco no brinquedo e comunicação hostil com ou sem foco no brinquedo. Os dados dos dois momentos foram comparados mediante uso do Teste de Wilcoxon. O aumento do tempo em brincadeira solitária e conjunta, o aumento das interações positivas e a diminuição das interações negativas sugerem maior engajamento após as atividades guiadas pela educadora.


The objective was to compare the engagement of children with peers and in activities, before and after participating in teacher guided play in the day care center. Twenty children aged between 36 and 46 months, in a philanthropic day care center, participated in 20 play sessions. Preceding and succeeding that period, they were filmed during free play for nine days. Simultaneously, an observer recorded interactive and play behaviors, focusing on each child for two minutes, and later completed her recordings with the images captured by the cameras. Observed play was categorized as solitary, parallel, associative and cooperative. Interactive behaviors were categorized as gregarious, friendly communication focused or not on toy and unfriendly communication focused or not on toy. Data from the two observation blocks were compared by means of the Wilcoxon Test. Increased time in solitary and joint play, increased positive interactions and reduced negative interactions suggest greater engagement after teacher-guided play.


El objetivo fue comparar la participación de niños con sus compañeros y actividades antes y después de participar en sesiones de juego coordinado por el adulto en la guardería. Veinte niños de edades comprendidas entre 36 y 46 meses en guardería sin fines de lucro participaron en 20 sesiones de juego. Anterior y posterior de esto, durante nueve días los niños fueron filmados y un observador registró sus comportamientos interactivos y juegos, centrándose en cada niño durante dos minutos. Los juegos se clasificaron en solitario, paralelo, asociativo y cooperativo. Los comportamientos se clasificaron como gregario, comunicación amable con o sin foco en el juguete y comunicación hostil con o sin foco en el juguete. Los datos de ambos momentos se compararon mediante la Prueba de Wilcoxon. El aumento del tiempo en el jugar solitario y juntos, el aumento de las interacciones positivas y la reducción de las interacciones negativas sugieren una mayor participación después de las actividades guiadas por el profesor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Recreation , Child Day Care Centers , Child, Preschool , Socialization
6.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther ; 351(2): 243-9, 2014 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25161169

ABSTRACT

It has been suggested that there is a link between epinephrine synthesis and the development of ß2-adrenoceptor-mediated effects, but it remains to be determined whether this development is triggered by epinephrine. The aim of this study was to characterize ß-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation and facilitation of norepinephrine release in the aorta of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase-knockout (Pnmt-KO) mice. Catecholamines were quantified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection. Aortic rings were mounted in a myograph to determine concentration-response curves to selective ß1- or ß2-adrenoceptor agonists in the absence or presence of selective ß1- or ß2-adrenoceptor antagonists. Aortic rings were also preincubated with [(3)H]norepinephrine to measure tritium overflow elicited by electrical stimulation in the presence of increasing concentrations of nonselective ß- or selective ß2-adrenoceptor agonists. ß2-Adrenoceptor protein density was evaluated by Western blotting and ß2-adrenoceptor localization by immunohistochemistry. Epinephrine is absent in Pnmt-KO mice. The potency and the maximal effect of the ß2-adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline were lower in Pnmt-KO than in wild-type (WT) mice. The selective ß2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 [(±)-erythro-(S*,S*)-1-[2,3-(dihydro-7-methyl-1H-inden-4-yl)oxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-butanol hydrochloride] antagonized the relaxation caused by terbutaline in WT but not in Pnmt-KO mice. Isoproterenol and terbutaline induced concentration-dependent increases in tritium overflow in WT mice only. ß2-Adrenoceptor protein density was decreased in membrane aorta homogenates of Pnmt-KO mice, and this finding was supported by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In conclusion, epinephrine is crucial for ß2-adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation and facilitation of norepinephrine release. In the absence of epinephrine, ß2-adrenoceptor protein density was decreased in aorta cell membranes, thus potentially hindering its functional activity.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology , Aorta/drug effects , Epinephrine/metabolism , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism , Vasodilation/drug effects , Animals , Aorta/metabolism , Catecholamines/metabolism , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Electric Stimulation/methods , Isoproterenol/pharmacology , Mice , Mice, Knockout , Norepinephrine/metabolism , Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism , Terbutaline/pharmacology
7.
Acta Med Port ; 24(6): 885-92, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22713181

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In oncology, early and individualized nutritional intervention for each patient is essential to improve nutritional intake and status, to reduce morbidity during treatment, enhance tolerance to treatment and improve Quality of Life. OBJECTIVES: For medical students to evaluate nutritional risk and status, analyse the prevalence of undernutrition in a population of patients with diverse types of tumours. We aimed to identify difficulties regarding the use of the MUST tool (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) for nutritional risk by the students. METHODS: This study included 35 cancer patients consecutively referenced for Radiotherapy (RT) in the Radiotherapy Department of the University Hospital of Santa Maria. Nutritional risk was evaluated by MUST; nutritional status by Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) validated and specific for oncology. RESULTS: Students identified 13 patients (36%) at moderate/high risk of undernutrition. According to PG-SGA, 31,5% (11/35) of patients presented moderate or severe undernutrition, of which 77% of patients needed individualized nutritional counselling. Students successfully detected undernourished patients using these specific methods. CONCLUSION: Risk of undernutrition and undernutrition are common in oncology, therefore indicating the critical need to educate all health professionals for risk screening and for the relevance of nutritional intervention in the multidisciplinary context. MUST is a simple and quick tool, that demonstrated to be adequate when applied by medical students, well accepted by these health professionals and effectively used. Nutritional risk evaluation can and must be performed by health professionals such as the medical team, as long as they are involved in patient's treatment. Our methodology may be used as a model allowing for early guidance to individualized intervention, human resources' optimization and education for the importance of nutrition care.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutritional Sciences/education , Research/education , Adult , Clinical Medicine , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
8.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 22(1): 93-101, 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-44415

ABSTRACT

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa conduzida em escolas públicas, com o objetivo de avaliar a intensidade do estresse percebido, associado ao cotidiano escolar na transição da 1ª série, bem como investigar associações entre desempenho, ajustamento e estresse em domínios específicos da vida escolar. Participaram 171 alunos da 1ª série, com idade entre 6 e 8 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Inventário de Estressores Escolares, Teste de Desempenho Escolar, Avaliação do Desempenho e do Ajustamento pelo Professor. Nos resultados, as crianças apontaram como mais estressantes os domínios de relacionamento com os companheiros e demandas do novo contexto. O estresse no domínio acadêmico foi negativamente associado a desempenho. A freqüência à educação infantil contribuiu para minimizar o estresse.(AU)


This article describes a study conducted in public schools aiming at evaluating how much upset children feel about school daily hassles during the first grade transition. The relationships between daily hassles in different domains of school life and measures of achievement and adjustment were also investigated. One hundred and seventy-one (171) first grade students participated in the study. The instruments used were the School Hassles Inventory, the School Achievement Test, and the items for the assessment of children's achievement and adjustment from the Teacher Report Form. The results showed that: children rated hassles with peers and nonacademic school demands as the most stressful domains during first grade whereas academic concerns correlated negatively to achievement. Prior kindergarten attendance was associated with lower levels of daily stress.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Education, Primary and Secondary , Adaptation, Psychological , Interpersonal Relations
9.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 22(1): 93-101, 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517383

ABSTRACT

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa conduzida em escolas públicas, com o objetivo de avaliar a intensidade do estresse percebido, associado ao cotidiano escolar na transição da 1ª série, bem como investigar associações entre desempenho, ajustamento e estresse em domínios específicos da vida escolar. Participaram 171 alunos da 1ª série, com idade entre 6 e 8 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Inventário de Estressores Escolares, Teste de Desempenho Escolar, Avaliação do Desempenho e do Ajustamento pelo Professor. Nos resultados, as crianças apontaram como mais estressantes os domínios de relacionamento com os companheiros e demandas do novo contexto. O estresse no domínio acadêmico foi negativamente associado a desempenho. A freqüência à educação infantil contribuiu para minimizar o estresse.


This article describes a study conducted in public schools aiming at evaluating how much upset children feel about school daily hassles during the first grade transition. The relationships between daily hassles in different domains of school life and measures of achievement and adjustment were also investigated. One hundred and seventy-one (171) first grade students participated in the study. The instruments used were the School Hassles Inventory, the School Achievement Test, and the items for the assessment of children's achievement and adjustment from the Teacher Report Form. The results showed that: children rated hassles with peers and nonacademic school demands as the most stressful domains during first grade whereas academic concerns correlated negatively to achievement. Prior kindergarten attendance was associated with lower levels of daily stress.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adaptation, Psychological , Education, Primary and Secondary , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Interpersonal Relations
10.
Interam. j. psychol ; 42(3): 549-558, dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-54168

ABSTRACT

Este estudo focaliza precursores de competência na transição da 1ª série. Participaram 70 crianças da 1ª série, sendo avaliadas no início da série e no final do ano letivo. Variáveis da criança e da família predisseram ajustamento e desempenho. Consciência fonológica e nível intelectual foram os melhores preditores de desempenho e ajustamento, respectivamente. Crianças com experiência prévia na educação infantil mostraram menor estresse que crianças sem experiência. Ressalta-se o potencial da educação infantil para desenvolver habilidades precursoras de competência e atenuar o impacto da transição.(AU)


This study focuses on precursors of children’s competence in the first-grade transition. Data on intellectual ability, phonological awareness, family support (i.e., parenting practices, home resources), and attendance to kindergarten were collected from 70 children at the beginning of first grade. At the end of the school year, the teachers rated children’s achievement, adjustment, and social skills, and the children answered an achievement test. Children’s stress related to the transition was assessed with questionnaires of stress symptoms and perception of school stressors at the end of the year. Statistical analyses comprised correlation, regression, and group comparison. Both child and family variables predicted achievement and adjustment. Phonological awareness and intellectual ability were the best predictors of achievement and adjustment, respectively. Children with kindergarten experience showed less stress than children with no previous kindergarten experience. The potential of childhood education for developing pre-academic abilities and promoting a less stressful transition to first grade is emphasized.(AU)

11.
Psychol Rep ; 96(2): 307-21, 2005 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15941104

ABSTRACT

This study describes the development of the Home Environment Resources Scale, a Brazilian measure for families with children ages 6 to 12 years. The scale measures aspects of support for school achievement, made available to the child at home. A first version of the measure with 11 subscales was administered to 100 mothers or guardians of children with poor school achievement in a clinical setting. Analysis of the items in the first version resulted in a final version comprising 8 subscales with acceptable indices of internal consistency. Two validity studies were conducted. One aimed at verifying to what extent the Home Environment Resources Scale could discriminate the home environment of students referred to a mental health clinic on account of poor school performance. The sample included mothers of 53 referred and 23 nonreferred children. The two groups differed significantly in home resources and on four subscales. The other study assessed the validity, i.e., prediction of the academic outcome of children entering Grade 1. 70 children and their mothers participated. Results indicate that school achievement and social competence at school are mediated by family support.


Subject(s)
Family/psychology , Social Environment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Underachievement , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Risk Factors
12.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; 2005. 197 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | Index Psychology - Theses | ID: pte-27678

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar, na transição de primeira série do ensino fundamental, associações entre características da criança e de seus contextos de desenvolvimento e indicadores de realização das tarefas desenvolvimentais da meninice. A pesquisa está fundamentada em pressupostos do modelo bioecológico e da psicopatologia do desenvolvimento. O objetivo foi perseguido através de um delineamento prospectivo. As disposições e os recursos pessoais, os aspectos relevantes do microssistema familiar e a entrada prévia da criança em um microssistema escolar foram avaliados no início do ano letivo; os indicadores de estresse relacionado às demandas da primeira série, assim como os indicadores relativos ao cumprimento das tarefas da fase, que incluem desempenho acadêmico e a competência nas relações interpessoais, foram avaliados no final do segundo semestre letivo. Participaram do estudo 70 crianças que cursavam pela primeira vez a primeira série do ensino fundamental, em duas escolas municipais, e suas respectivas mães e professoras. No início do ano, as mães foram entrevistadas, ocasião em que foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Roteiro de Entrevista sobre o Desenvolvimento da Criança e de seu Ambiente Familiar, Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar, Escala de Eventos Adversos, Escala Comportamental Infantil A2 de Rutter, Questionário de Identificação de Problemas de Auto-regulação da Atenção e do Comportamento. Com as crianças foram utilizados o Teste das Histórias Incompletas, Teste das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven e uma prova de consciência fonológica. No final do ano, as mães e as crianças responderam ao Inventário de Fontes de Estresse Escolar. Junto às crianças foi aplicado o Teste de Desempenho Escolar e a Escala de Stress Infantil. As professoras responderam ao Protocolo de Avaliação da Competência Social do Aluno e avaliaram o desempenho e o ajustamento dos alunos em sala de aula, através de dois ítens de competência social do CBCL (Inventário de Comportamentos da Infância Adolescência). Na análise dos dados, associações entre variáveis foram exploradas preliminarmente através de testes de correlação de Pearson...(AU)

13.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 15(1): 35-44, 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-16980

ABSTRACT

Comportamentos externalizantes freqüentemente se desenvolvem em contextos de adversidade ambiental. O objetivo do estudo foi documentar essa associação em crianças com desempenho escolar pobre. Participaram meninos e meninas, com idade entre sete e 11 anos, referidos para atendimento por dificuldades escolares. De um universo de 141 crianças, formaram-se dois grupos com base na pontuação da Escala Comportamental Infantil: G1 (crianças sem problema de comportamento, n= 30) e G2 (crianças com problema de comportamento, n= 37). As mães foram entrevistadas, obtendo-se informações sobre recursos e adversidades do ambiente familiar. Os resultados indicaram que o ambiente familiar de G2 apresenta menos recursos e maior adversidade, incluindo problemas nas relações interpessoais, falhas parentais quanto a supervisão, monitoramento e suporte, indícios de menor investimento dos pais no desenvolvimento da criança, práticas punitivas e modelos adultos agressivos. As dificuldades escolares aumentam a vulnerabilidade da criança para inadaptação psicossocial. Enfatiza-se a importância de incluir a família em intervenções preventivas voltadas para essa clientela (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Underachievement , Family Relations , Social Environment
14.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 15(1): 35-44, 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-347378

ABSTRACT

Comportamentos externalizantes freqüentemente se desenvolvem em contextos de adversidade ambiental. O objetivo do estudo foi documentar essa associaçäo em crianças com desempenho escolar pobre. Participaram meninos e meninas, com idade entre sete e 11 anos, referidos para atendimento por dificuldades escolares. De um universo de 141 crianças, formaram-se dois grupos com base na pontuaçäo da Escala Comportamental Infantil: G1 (crianças sem problema de comportamento, n= 30) e G2 (crianças com problema de comportamento, n= 37). As mäes foram entrevistadas, obtendo-se informaçöes sobre recursos e adversidades do ambiente familiar. Os resultados indicaram que o ambiente familiar de G2 apresenta menos recursos e maior adversidade, incluindo problemas nas relaçöes interpessoais, falhas parentais quanto a supervisäo, monitoramento e suporte, indícios de menor investimento dos pais no desenvolvimento da criança, práticas punitivas e modelos adultos agressivos. As dificuldades escolares aumentam a vulnerabilidade da criança para inadaptaçäo psicossocial. Enfatiza-se a importância de incluir a família em intervençöes preventivas voltadas para essa clientela


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child Behavior Disorders , Family Relations , Underachievement , Social Environment
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