Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Frequency in Young Patients from Referral Centers Around the World.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) commonly affects older patients; however, several studies have documented an increase in its incidence among younger patients. Therefore, it is important to investigate if this trend is also found in different geographic regions. The pathology files of diagnostic and therapeutic institutions from different parts of the globe were searched for OSCC cases diagnosed from 1998 to 2018. Data regarding the sex, age, and tumor location of all cases, as well as the histologic grade and history of exposure to risk habits of cases diagnosed as OSCC in young patients (≤ 40 years of age) were obtained. The Chi-square test was used to determine any increasing trend. A total of 10,727 OSCC cases were identified, of which 626 cases affected young patients (5.8%). Manipal institution (India) showed the highest number of young patients (13.2%). Males were the most affected in both age groups, with the tongue and floor of the mouth being the most affected subsites. OSCC in young individuals were usually graded as well or moderately differentiated. Only 0.9% of the cases occurred in young patients without a reported risk habit. There was no increasing trend in the institutions and the period investigated (p > 0.05), but a decreasing trend was observed in Hong Kong and the sample as a whole (p < 0.001). In conclusion there was no increase of OSCC in young patients in the institutions investigated and young white females not exposed to any known risk factor represented a rare group of patients affected by OSCC.

Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a multicentric retrospective study in Brazilian population / Transformación maligna de la leucoplasia oral: un estudio retrospectivo multicéntrico en población brasileña

Background: Among the oral potentially malignant disorders, leukoplakia stands out as the most prevalent. Thepurpose of this study was to analyse the clinical-pathological features of oral leukoplakia in groups of patientsfrom three major pathology centers in two different regions of Brazil, in order to determine which factors wouldbe associated to the clinical risk of malignant transformation.Material and Methods: A total of 148 patients was analyzed, and data regarding gender, age, site, classification ofthe clinical subtype, harmful habits such as use of tobacco and alcohol, time of evolution and presence of dyspla-sia were collected. The association between risk factors and malignant transformation was investigated using thechi-square test and Fischer's exact test for correlation of variables. A significance level of 5% (p≤0.05) was used.Results: The mean age of the patients was 60 years, and 56% were female. Most of the lesions (34,5%) were lo-cated in the lateral and ventral regions of the tongue. Of the 148 patients, ninety had clinical follow-up. Malignanttransformation occurred in 13 patients (8.8%), with an average of 44 months of follow up.Conclusions: Non-smoker, nonhomogeneous clinical presentation, location at the tongue, and the presence of highdegree of dysplasia were statistically relevant factors associated with a higher risk of transformation transformation.(AU)

Postoperative Complications Associated With Different Fixation Methods of Isolated Mandibular Angle Fractures.

The objective of this study was to review the medical records of patients with a history of mandibular angle fracture who were attended at the Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology of FOAr/UNESP in the last 5 years. The data collected were subjected to chi-squared test (significance level of 5%). The authors reviewed 19 medical records. The main cause was physical aggression (58.00%), but with no statistical difference in relation to the other etiologies (P > 0.05). Regarding the type of fixation, one 2.0-mm system plate associated with one 2.4-mm system plate and the fixation using only two 2.0-mm system plates were used in 7 patients each. The fixation method with a monocortical plate at the upper border was used in 5 patients. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of complications among the 3 fixation methods used (P > 0.05). In 52.64% of the patients, the third molar was removed intraoperatively. Despite this, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of complications when the third molar was in the fracture line or when it was removed postoperatively (P > 0.05). The complications observed were dehiscence associated with pain (44.44%), trismus (22.22%), infection (22.22%), and presence of bone spicules (11.11%). However, no statistical differences were observed between the frequency of different types of complications (P = 0.779). In the sample studied, there were no differences in the frequency of complications among the fixation methods applied.

Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint Successfully Treated by Surgery.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a chronic process, defined as a reactive cartilaginous proliferation, characterized by formation of cartilaginous nodules, usually loose in the joint space of the synovial membrane. It mainly affects large joints such as knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow, commonly in male patients. However, its manifestation in the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), is a rare finding, occurring predominantly in females. This paper reports a case of a woman who presented to the service of Stomatology complaining of mouth opening limitations and pain in her left pre-auricular region. After clinical and radiographic analyses, the condition was diagnosed as SC of the TMJ. The loose bodies within the TMJ were removed under general anesthesia. Histological and follow-up features of this lesion are also discussed. To our knowledge, this is the second report of SC of the TMJ in Brazil.