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1.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 24(3): 141-146, mayo-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-105088

ABSTRACT

Los inhibidores de la 3-HMG-CoA-reductasa (estatinas) son fármacos cuyos beneficios clínicos en la prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares están ampliamente demostrados. Una parte de tales beneficios, y particularmente los que pueden tener lugar de forma más inmediata, se deben a efectos que pueden ser independientes del descenso de los niveles de colesterol y de cLDL. Estos efectos se conocen como efectos pleiotrópicos. En el presente trabajo, mediante cultivos de células implicadas en el proceso aterogénico -fibroblastos, monocitos, células endoteliales y células musculares lisas- sometidos a distintos tipos y dosis de estatinas, hemos intentado evidenciar los cambios en el comportamiento celular. Nuestros resultados apoyan la idea de que se producen cambios subsiguientes a la adición de las estatinas en el medio de cultivo, y que afectan tanto a la adhesividad celular como a la movilidad y -en el caso de las células musculares lisas- a la contractilidad. Estos cambios pueden explicar, al menos en parte, algunos de los efectos distintos a los directamente relacionados con el efecto hipocolesterolemiante. En el fondo de tales cambios se pueden encontrar modificaciones en el metabolismo intracelular (AU)


In the present study, using cultures of the cells involved in the atherogenic process: fibroblasts, monocytes, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells submitted to different types and doses of statins, we have attempted to demonstrate the changes in cell behaviour. Our results support the idea that subsequent changes are produced on the addition of statins into the culture medium, and which affect cell adhesiveness, as well as mobility and. in the case of smooth muscle cells, the contractility. These changes may explain, at least partly, some of the effects other than those directly related to the lipid lowering effect. Behind such changes may be found alterations in intracellular metabolism.3-HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) are drugs which have been widely demonstrated to have clinical benefits in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Some of these benefits, particularly those that may take place immediately, are due to effects that may be independent of the decrease in cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. These effects are known as pleiotropic effects (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics , Actins/physiology , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacokinetics , Microscopy , Fibroblasts
2.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 23(4): 155-159, jul.-ago. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92899

ABSTRACT

La intervención precoz sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular es de vital importancia. Para cumplir ese objetivo es imprescindible encontrar herramientas que sean eficaces y accesibles para el diagnostico precoz. El lugar donde debe iniciarse la prevención es la consulta de atención primaria. El estudio ha incluido 110 pacientes, obtenidos mediante un muestreo aleatorio en la consulta de atención primaria, hombres mayores de 50 años y mujeres mayores de 60 años en un estrato de riesgo coronario no alto (bajo o moderado: 1-20% según las tablas de Framingham). Tras comparar las distintas variables entre los pacientes con ITB alterado y normal, existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,047) en relación con la asociación HDL bajo y el ITB alterado, de tal forma que la prevalencia de cHDL bajo es significativamente superior en la población con ITB patológico. Concluimos, por tanto, que el cálculo del ITB para estudiar la ateromatosis subclínica de los pacientes con valores bajos de cHDL es una herramienta útil para el diagnóstico precoz (AU)


Early intervention on cardiovascular risk factors is essential. To achieve this objective, effective and accessible tools for early diagnosis must be found. Prevention should begin in primary care. This study included 110 patients selected by random sampling of a primary care center: men older than 50 years and women older than 60 years at low or moderate coronary risk(1-20% according to Framingham tables). After comparing the distinct variables among patients with a pathological or normal ankle-brachial index (ABI), statistically significant differences(p = 0.047) were found in relation to the association of low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and pathological ABI; the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in patients with a pathological ABI. Therefore, we conclude that calculation of the ABI to study subclinical a theromatosis in patients with low HDL-cholesterol levels is useful for early diagnosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Triglycerides/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Attributable Risk
3.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 22(6): 241-246, nov.-dic. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-95553

ABSTRACT

Objetivos En la actualidad no se disponen de datos específicos sobre el riesgo cardiovascular atribuible al sobrepeso u obesidad en la población española, aún cuando se considera elevado. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si algún parámetro antropométrico se correlaciona bien con el riesgo cardiovascular estimado por métodos estandarizados en función del resto de los factores de riesgo, algunos de los cuales pueden estar influenciados por la existencia del sobrepeso u obesidad. Métodos Se ha realizado un estudio transversal en población general española (20 a 80 años) en los que se estimó el riesgo cardiovascular mediante tablas de Framingham, Score, Regicor y Dorica, correlacionando los resultados con el IMC y otros factores de riesgo. Resultados Se incluyeron 502 personas (465 válidas para el análisis). El 67,5% eran mujeres y el 32,5% hombres. El IMC medio fue 27,4kg/m2, en el caso de mujeres: 27, y en el de hombres: 28,3. El 38,3% presentaban sobrepeso y el 28,8% tenían obesidad. La prevalencia de otros factores de riesgo fue: 8,6% de diabéticos, 24,7% de hipertensos, 33,3% de dislipémicos. El riesgo medio a 10 años resultó ser: 3,99% (Framingham), 2,26% (Regicor), 2,21% (Dorica) y 1,63% (Score). La correlación entre el IMC y el riesgo estimado fue r=0,389 (p=0,001) con Framingham, r=0,393 (p=0,001) con Regicor, r=0,389 (p=0,001) con Dorica y r=0,338 (p=0,001) con Score.Conclusiones Existe una relación entre el exceso de peso con la edad y con otros factores de riesgo, así como una correlación lineal elevada entre IMC y riesgo calculado con cualquiera de los métodos estandarizados. Aún en estas condiciones, se debería proponer un instrumento de cálculo de riesgo que tuviera en consideración de manera individualizada el factor sobrepeso u obesidad (AU)


Objectives Currently, there are no specific data on cardiovascular risk due to overweight or obesity in the Spanish population, although this risk is considered high. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are any anthropometric parameters that correlate with cardiovascular risk estimated by standardized methods. These methods consider other risk factors, some of which could be influenced by overweight or obesity. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in the Spanish general population (aged 20 to 80 years). Cardiovascular risk was estimated through Framingham, Score, Regicor and Dorica tables and the results were correlated with both body mass index (BMI) and other risk factors. Results This study included 502 people (465 valid for the analysis). Women accounted for 67.5% and men for 32.5%. The mean BMI was 27.4kg/m2 in women and 28.3 in men. A total of 38.3% were overweight and 28.8% were obese. Diabetes was found in 8.6%, hypertension in 24.7% and dyslipidemia in 33.3%. The mean 10-year risk was 3.99% (Framingham), 2.26% (Regicor), 2.21% (Dorica), and 1.63% (Score). The correlation between BMI and estimated risk was r=0.389 (p=0.001) in the Framingham table, r=0.393 (p=0.001) in Regidor, r=0.389 (p=0.001) in Dorica, and r=0.338 (p=0.001) in Score. Conclusions A clear association between overweight and age and other risk factors was established. There was also a strong linear correlation between BMI and risk calculated by any of the standardized methods. Even so, a risk calculation tool that would consider the factors of overweight and obesity individually should be proposed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Risk Adjustment/methods , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Obesity/complications , Anthropometry , Body Weights and Measures , Risk Factors , Body Mass Index
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 135(1): 1-7, jun. 2010. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-83545

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: A pesar del enorme impacto que se prevé tenga la pandemia por gripe A/H1N1 en países del hemisferio norte, todavía son escasos los datos disponibles de su repercusión a nivel hospitalario. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la asistencia prestada a los pacientes atendidos por posible gripe A y su evolución en un hospital de tercer nivel.Material y método: Desde la aparición de los primeros casos se estableció un circuito específico de atención a pacientes con posible gripe A en la unidad de admisión, urgencias y hospitalización. Se diseñó un registro nominal con variables epidemiológicas y variables clínicas.Resultados: A 31 de agosto de 2009 se habían evaluado 1.018 pacientes por posible gripe A, de los que el 77% cumplía criterios clínicos. Entre los pacientes con sospecha de gripe A, la edad media (desviación estándar) fue de 31,71 (17,2) años, el 52% eran mujeres, un 3,3% de ellas embarazadas o puérperas. Ingresó el 23,4%, y la estancia media global fue de 3,5 días y de 2,5 días para los adultos que ingresaron en la unidad de corta estancia. Un 2,8% presentó neumonía y 2 pacientes necesitaron atención en unidad de cuidados intensivos (uno de ellos falleció).Conclusiones: Nuestra serie muestra una epidemia de gripe que se comporta de forma benigna con un porcentaje considerable de neumonías, pero que evolucionan favorablemente. A pesar del alto porcentaje de ingresos, y para evitar el menoscabo de la atención a otros enfermos, consideramos que un modelo asistencial basado en unidades específicas, estancias cortas y seguimiento posthospitalario puede ser adecuado (AU)


Introduction and objectives: Influenza A is expected to have a great impact in countries in the northern hemisphere yet little has been reported about how this outbreak can affect hospital care. The aim of this study is to assess patients who demand care for flu symptoms and their outcome. Material and methods: From the beginning of the outbreak a specific protocol was established for the care of patients with potential influenza A in admission, emergency and hospitalization ward. A nominal registry was designed with clinical and epidemiological data.Results: 1018 patients were evaluated for potential influenza A from the beginning of the outbreak until the 31st August, 2009. 77% of them fulfilled clinical criteria and were classified as suspected cases. Mean age was 31,7 years (SD17,2), 52% were women, 3,3% pregnant or puerperal. The admission rate was 23,4% with a global mean stay of 3,5 days, and 2,5 for the adults who were admitted to the short stay hospital unit. 2,8 % had pneumonia, two patients required admission to the intensive care unit and one of them died.Conclusions: Our data show an outbreak with mild illness, with a remarkable percentage of pneumonia but with good outcome. Despite of the high percentage of admissions, and in order to avoid the misleading attention to other patients, we believe that an assistance model based in specific units, short stay and post-discharge follow up could be suitable (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity , Influenza, Human/therapy , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Clinical Protocols
5.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 135(1): 1-7, 2010 Jun 05.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20307895

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Influenza A is expected to have a great impact in countries in the northern hemisphere yet little has been reported about how this outbreak can affect hospital care. The aim of this study is to assess patients who demand care for flu symptoms and their outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the beginning of the outbreak a specific protocol was established for the care of patients with potential influenza A in admission, emergency and hospitalization ward. A nominal registry was designed with clinical and epidemiological data. RESULTS: 1018 patients were evaluated for potential influenza A from the beginning of the outbreak until the 31(st) August, 2009. 77% of them fulfilled clinical criteria and were classified as suspected cases. Mean age was 31,7 years (SD17,2), 52% were women, 3,3% pregnant or puerperal. The admission rate was 23,4% with a global mean stay of 3,5 days, and 2,5 for the adults who were admitted to the short stay hospital unit. 2,8 % had pneumonia, two patients required admission to the intensive care unit and one of them died. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show an outbreak with mild illness, with a remarkable percentage of pneumonia but with good outcome. Despite of the high percentage of admissions, and in order to avoid the misleading attention to other patients, we believe that an assistance model based in specific units, short stay and post-discharge follow up could be suitable.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Influenza, Human/therapy , Adult , Female , Humans , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Male , Spain
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