Anterior retroperitoneal rami: until now unnamed direct branches of the abdominal aorta.

The aim of the study was to gain a thorough knowledge of the topography and distribution of until now officially unnamed minute direct branches from abdominal aorta, stemming from its ventral and lateral aspects, supplying surrounding tissue, and to comprise it to the existing studies. The study was performed in fixed cadaverous material collected from India ink injections of abdominal aorta samples with large surrounding retroperitoneal tissue. The 25 samples were dissected under magnifying binocular glass, followed by graphic reconstruction; statistical analysis, and the study was preceded with detailed review of branches from abdominal aorta. For systematization of the segmental anatomy of the abdominal aorta and infrarenal segment of inferior vena cava, we defined three levels in this area. The retroperitoneal branches were most frequently situated simultaneously within all three predefined levels according to renal and inferior mesenteric arteries origin. There were 18% of retroperitoneal branches within Level 1, 39% within Level 2 and 43% within Level 3. They were branches not only from the abdominal aorta, but also from the testicular/ovarian artery, common iliac artery and in one case from the right accessory renal artery. Paired arrangement was recorded mainly cranially to the origin of inferior mesenteric artery, unpaired branches were more frequently found caudally. In conclusion, due to the terminological disunity of these arteries in the clinical literature and total absence in the anatomical literature, we propose to denominate them as anterior retroperitoneal branches of abdominal aorta (rami retroperitoneales anteriores aortae abdominalis).

[Tumoriform endometriosis of the urinary bladder in advanced pregnancy]. / Tumoriformní endometrióza mocového mechýre v pokrocilém tehotenství.

A case of tumoriform endometriosis of urinary bladder immitating a tumor of the bladder during the first pregnancy of a 25-year-old patient was successfully treated by partial cystectomy allowing continuation of the pregnancy, a normal term delivery and after 5 months a second pregnancy with term delivery.

[Suspension of the lower third of the urethra in ambulatory practice--minimally invasive treatment of urinary stress incontinence--technique and initial experience]. / Záves dolní tretiny uretry ambulantne--minimálne invazivní lécba stresové inkontinence moci--technika a první zkusenosti.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is the presentation of a new, mini-invasive method for the treatment of urethral incompetence in women--TVT (tension-free vaginal tape). DESIGN AND SETTING: The design was a prospective comparison of the first 10 patients at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the 1st Medical Faculty and General Faculty Hospital in Prague where urethral incompetence = genuine stress incontinence regardless of their history was diagnosed consecutively. METHODS: We present the technique of the operation, examination procedure including the application of dynamic magnetic resonance before and after operation at rest and under Valsalva, the subjective and objective outcome in the analyzed group. We compare also the parameters of urethrovesical junction mobility in the MR image and discuss their importance for the new continence mechanism in the TVT method. RESULTS: All patients are 10-18 months after the operation continent. The functional morphology of the lower urinary tract and of the pelvic floor on the MR image after TVT did not reveal any relevant changes in bladder neck dynamic mobility. CONCLUSION: The experience of other authors concerning possible complications, postoperative care and results are evaluated; they are without exception positive.