ABSTRACT
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors opted to revise the first paragraph of the section "Characteristics associated with maternal drinking in pregnancy". Below is the updated version.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Maternal alcohol consumption in pregnancy may have adverse effects on child gross motor (GM) development. There have been few human studies on this topic, particularly ones examining low exposure. This study examined the association between prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and infant GM development at 12-months of age. METHODS: Participants were 1324 women recruited from antenatal clinics in Sydney and Perth, Australia. Maternal and paternal alcohol use was assessed in pregnancy via interview; offspring GM development was measured at 12-months with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III). RESULTS: Any alcohol use in pregnancy was common: 56.1%, of pregnant women drank early in Trimester one (0-6 weeks), however this reduced to 27.9% on average thereafter and at predominantly low levels. However, infant BSID GM scale scores were not found to differ significantly as a function of PAE in the first 6-weeks (low, moderate, binge or heavy PAE), nor with low PAE across pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence to suggest that low PAE is associated with measurable impairment in infant GM development at 12-months. Further research is needed to examine potential PAE impacts on GM development in heavier exposure groups and through the childhood years when subtle GM deficits may be more detectable.
Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/diagnosis , Maternal Exposure/adverse effects , Motor Skills Disorders/etiology , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology , Adult , Australia , Databases, Factual , Female , Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/epidemiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Motor Skills Disorders/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care/methods , Prevalence , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Risk AssessmentSubject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Tobacco Smoking/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Child Health , Employment/statistics & numerical data , Family Health , Female , Health Status , Humans , Infant , Longitudinal Studies , Maternal Age , Middle Aged , New South Wales/epidemiology , Paternal Age , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Western Australia/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Radiotherapy is the main therapeutic approach besides surgery of localized prostate cancer. It relies on risk stratification and exact staging. This report analyses the potential of [(68)Ga]Glu-urea-Lys(Ahx)-HBED-CC ((68)Ga-PSMA-11), a new positron emission tomography (PET) tracer targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for prostate cancer staging and individualized radiotherapy planning. METHODS: A cohort of 57 patients with prostate cancer scanned with (68)Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for radiotherapy planning was retrospectively reviewed; 15 patients were at initial diagnosis and 42 patients at time of biochemical recurrence. Staging results of conventional imaging, including bone scintigraphy, CT or MRI, were compared with (68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT results and the influence on radiotherapeutic management was quantified. RESULTS: (68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT had a dramatic impact on radiotherapy application in the presented cohort. In 50.8 % of the cases therapy was changed. CONCLUSION: The presented imaging technique of (68)Ga-PSMA PET/CT could be a key technology for individualized radiotherapy management in prostate cancer.
