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1.
Dis Markers ; 33(6): 309-12, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23089920

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The frequency of HLA markers associated with rapid progression to AIDS was evaluated in Brazilian patients with AIDS exhibiting or not toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (TRC). METHODS: 98 AIDS patients (25 with TRC, 43 with anti-T. gondii antibodies but without TCR, and 30 without anti-T. gondii antibodies and without TCR) were studied. RESULTS: The HLA-B35 was significantly increased in TRC group (p=0.0038). CONCLUSION: The presence of HLA-B35 may simultaneously predispose to progression to AIDS and TRC.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood , Alleles , Chorioretinitis/blood , HLA-B35 Antigen/blood , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics , Adult , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , Chorioretinitis/complications , Chorioretinitis/genetics , Disease Progression , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/genetics
2.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 302(8): 583-91, 2010 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20140737

ABSTRACT

Antiphospholipid antibodies, such as anti-beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI), are present in multibacillary leprosy (MB) patients; however, MB patients do not usually present with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), which is characterized by thromboembolic phenomena (TEP). Rare cases of TEP occur in leprosy patients, but the physiopathology of this condition remains unclear. In this case-control study, we examined whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the beta2GPI gene contributed to the risk of leprosy and APS co-morbidity. SNPs Ser88Asn, Leu247Val, Cys306Gly and Trp316Ser were identified in 113 Brazilian leprosy patients. Additionally, anti-beta2GPI antibodies and plasma concentrations of beta2GPI were quantified. The Ser88Asn, Cys306Gly and Trp316Ser SNPs were not risk factors for APS in leprosy. A higher frequency of Val/Val homozygosity was observed in leprosy patients compared to controls (36 vs. 5%; P < 0.001). Forty-two percent of MB and 17% of paucibacillary leprosy patients were positive for anti-beta2GPI IgM (P = 0.014). There was no correlation between SNP Ser88Asn or Cys306Gly and anti-beta2GPI antibody levels. In MB patients with positive anti-beta2GPI IgM, the frequency of Val/Val homozygosity was higher than in controls (32 vs. 15%; P = 0.042). The frequency of the mutant allele Ser316 was higher in MB patients with positive rather than negative anti-beta2GPI IgM levels (6 vs. 0%; P = 0.040) and was greater than in the control group (6 vs. 1%; P = 0.034). The studied polymorphisms did not influence the plasma concentrations of beta2GPI. These results suggest that Leu247Val and Trp316Ser SNPs may represent genetic risk factors for anti-beta2GPI antibody production in MB patients.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Antiphospholipid/blood , Leprosy, Multibacillary/genetics , Leprosy, Multibacillary/immunology , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , beta 2-Glycoprotein I/genetics , beta 2-Glycoprotein I/immunology , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Leprosy, Multibacillary/blood , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/blood , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/genetics , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Point Mutation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , beta 2-Glycoprotein I/blood
3.
An Bras Dermatol ; 84(4): 355-9, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19851667

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND - Multibacillary (MB) leprosy may be manifested with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), among which anti-beta2GP1 (beta2-glycoprotein 1). High titers of aPL are associated with APS (Antiphospholipid Syndrome), characterized by thrombosis. The mutation Val247Leu in the domain V of beta2GP1 exposes hidden epitopes with consequent development of anti-beta2GP1 antibodies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Val247Leu polymorphism of beta2GP1 gene and its correlation with anti-beta2GP1 antibodies in leprosy patients. METHODS: The Val247Leu polymorphism was performed by PCR-RFLP and anti-beta2GP1 antibodies were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The genotypic Val/Val was more prevalent in the leprosy group, compared to controls. Regarding the 7 MB patients with APS, four presented heterozygosis and three, Val/Val homozygosis. Although higher titrations of anti-beta2GP1 IgM antibodies were seen in MB leprosy group with Val/Leu and Val/Val genotypes, there was no statistical difference when compared to Leu/Leu genotype. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Val/Val homozygosis in leprosy group can partially justify the presence of anti-beta2GP1 IgM antibodies in MB leprosy. The description of heterozygosis and Val/Val homozygosis in 7 patients with MB leprosy and thrombosis corroborates the implication of anomalous phenotype expression of beta2GP1 and development of anti-beta2GP1 antibodies, with consequent thrombosis and APS.


Subject(s)
Antiphospholipid Syndrome/genetics , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/immunology , Autoantibodies/biosynthesis , Leprosy, Multibacillary/genetics , Leprosy, Multibacillary/immunology , Mutation , Polymorphism, Genetic , beta 2-Glycoprotein I/genetics , beta 2-Glycoprotein I/immunology , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/blood , Female , Humans , Leprosy, Multibacillary/blood , Male , Middle Aged
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 84(4): 355-359, jul.-ago. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529080

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTOS - Anticorpos antifosfolípides (AAF), como antiβ2GP1 (β2-glicoproteína 1), são descritos na hanseníase multibacilar (MB) sem, contudo, caracterizar a síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide (SAF), constituída por fenômenos tromboembólicos (FTE). A mutação Val247Leu no V domínio da β2GP1 - substituição da leucina por valina - expõe epítopos crípticos com consequente formação de anticorpos antiβ2GP1. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação do polimorfismo Val247Leu do gene β2GP1 com títulos de anticorpos antiβ2GP1 na hanseníase. MÉTODO: O polimorfismo Val247Leu foi detectado por PCR-RFLP, e os títulos de anticorpos antiβ2GP1, por Elisa. RESULTADOS: O genótipo Val/Val estatisticamente predominou no grupo de hansênicos, em relação ao controle. Embora maiores títulos de anticorpos antiβ2GP1 IgM estivessem alocados no grupo MB com genótipos Val/Val e Val/Leu, não houve diferença estatística em relação ao genótipo Leu/Leu. Dos sete pacientes MB com FTE, quatro apresentaram heterozigose, e três Val/Val homozigose. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência do genótipo Val/Val no grupo de hansênicos pode justificar parcialmente a presença de anticorpos antiβ2GP1 na forma MB. A heterozigose ou homozigose Val/Val nos sete pacientes com hanseníase MB e FTE corroboram a implicação de expressão fenotípica anômala da β2GPl e formação de anticorpos antiβ2GPl, com consequente FTE e SAF.


BACKGROUND - Multibacillary (MB) leprosy may be manifested with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), among which anti-β2GP1 (β2-glycoprotein 1). High titers of aPL are associated with APS (Antiphospholipid Syndrome), characterized by thrombosis. The mutation Val247Leu in the domain V of β2GP1 exposes hidden epitopes with consequent development of anti-β2GP1 antibodies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Val247Leu polymorphism of β2GP1 gene and its correlation with anti-β2GP1 antibodies in leprosy patients. METHODS: The Val247Leu polymorphism was performed by PCR-RFLP and anti-β2GP1 antibodies were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The genotypic Val/Val was more prevalent in the leprosy group, compared to controls. Regarding the 7 MB patients with APS, four presented heterozygosis and three, Val/Val homozygosis. Although higher titrations of anti-β2GP1 IgM antibodies were seen in MB leprosy group with Val/Leu and Val/Val genotypes, there was no statistical difference when compared to Leu/Leu genotype. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Val/Val homozygosis in leprosy group can partially justify the presence of anti-β2GP1 IgM antibodies in MB leprosy. The description of heterozygosis and Val/Val homozygosis in 7 patients with MB leprosy and thrombosis corroborates the implication of anomalous phenotype expression of β2GP1 and development of anti-β2GP1 antibodies, with consequent thrombosis and APS.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/genetics , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/immunology , Autoantibodies/biosynthesis , Leprosy, Multibacillary/genetics , Leprosy, Multibacillary/immunology , Mutation , Polymorphism, Genetic , /genetics , /immunology , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/blood , Leprosy, Multibacillary/blood
6.
Nutrition ; 22(5): 483-9, 2006 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16472980

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Retinol deficiency is quite frequent in the population of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Serum retinol levels of less than 1.05 micromol/L determine a 3.5 to five times higher death risk. However, studies evaluating the efficacy of retinol supplementation in HIV-seropositive individuals have reported conflicting results. The World Health Organization recommends the treatment of vitamin A deficiency in seropositive individuals in the same manner as for seronegative individuals, but clinical studies proving the efficacy of this scheme are lacking. The proposal of the present study was to assess the efficacy of supplementation with high retinol doses in HIV-infected patients with vitamin A deficiency. METHODS: Twenty-five adult HIV-seropositive individuals were monitored over a period of 9 months, with determination of serum and urinary retinol every 3 months. The subjects received retinol palmitate doses ranging from 300,000 IU to 600,000 IU. Patients whose retinol levels were higher than 1.60 micromol/L were only observed. RESULTS: Eighteen patients received supplementation during clinical monitoring. The dose of 600,000 IU induced a significant mean increase in serum levels of 0.47 micromol/L (P = 0.049) within a period of three months. Those who received 300,000 IU presented a mean increase of 0.29 micromol/L. In contrast, the patients who did not receive replacement therapy presented a significant decrease (P = 0.017) in serum retinol levels, with initial and final values of 1.77 micromol/L and 1.55 micromol/L. The individuals with the worst response to supplementation presented a higher urinary loss of retinol at the beginning of the study. Even with a mean retinol supplementation of 771,428 IU during the study period, six patients had marginal serum retinol levels at the end of the study. CONCLUSION: We conclude that, in view of the high urinary loss of this nutrient, there is the need to redefine the ideal dose for the treatment of HIV-infected individuals.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood , HIV Infections/blood , Nutritional Requirements , Vitamin A Deficiency/drug therapy , Vitamin A/metabolism , Vitamin A/therapeutic use , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/metabolism , Adult , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Dietary Supplements , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Selection , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load , Vitamin A/blood , Vitamin A/urine , Vitamin A Deficiency/etiology , Vitamins/blood , Vitamins/metabolism , Vitamins/therapeutic use , Vitamins/urine
7.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 38(4): 290-3, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16082473

ABSTRACT

The association of hepatitis C virus infection and the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis mansoni has been claimed to result in the concomitant evolution of the two pathologies, with a poor prognosis due to aggravated liver disease. Recently, however, some authors have begun to reject the hypothesis of a higher susceptibility of hepatosplenic schistosomal patients to HCV. The aim of the present transverse study carried out between July and August 1990 was to determine the possible association between SM and HCV markers in residents of Catolândia, Bahia State. Anti-HCV markers were assayed by ELISA-II and RIBA-II in serum samples obtained from 1,228 residents (85.8%). The anti-HCV antibody (ELISA-II) was positive in six (0.5%) individuals, eight (0.6%) cases were inconclusive and 1,214 (98.9%) were negative. However, only in one ELISA-positive serum sample (0.08%) were antibodies confirmed by RIBA-II, while two other samples assayed by RIBA-II were indeterminate. These three patients presented the hepatointestinal form of SM during the follow-up period (1976 to 1996). In conclusion, no association was observed between HCV and SM in the endemic area studied, especially among patients with the hepatosplenic form of the disease.


Subject(s)
Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Hepatitis C/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(4): 290-293, jul.-ago. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411499

ABSTRACT

Alguns autores passaram a rejeitar a hipótese da maior susceptibilidade dos equistossomóticos com a forma clínica hepatosplênica ao vírus da hepatite C, justificando que a associação foi descrita em pacientes hospitalizados ou acompanhados em serviços de saúde e, conseqüentemente, mais expostos à transmissão destes vírus, durante os procedimentos diagnóstico e/ou terapêuticos. Desse modo, o objetivo foi verificar se há ocorrência de associação da esquistossomose mansônica e marcador do VHC em moradores de Catolândia (Bahia, Brasil). Neste estudo transversal, os anticorpos anti-VHC foram pesquisados (ELISA-II) em 1.228 (85,8%) moradores, com os seguintes resultados: Seis (0,5%) soropositivos, oito (0,6%) inconclusivos e 1.214 (98,9%) soronegativos. Todavia, somente em um soro ELISA-positivo (0,08%) os anticorpos foram confirmados pelo RIBA-II e dois outros (ELISA-II positivos) apresentaram RIBA-II indeterminado esses três casos, durante período de seguimento (1976 1996), sempre tiveram a forma hepatointestinal da esquistossomose mansônica. Em conclusão a hipótese de associação entre a esquistossomose mansônica e o VHC nesta área endêmica foi rejeitada, especialmente entre os portadores da esquistossomose mansônica com a forma clínica hepatosplênica.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hepatitis C/diagnosis , Prevalence , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution
9.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 24(3): 135-143, maio-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-427898

ABSTRACT

A pesquisa da associação entre a ocorrência da regressão clínica da forma hepatosplênica (HE) da esquistosssomose mansônica (EM) e a ausência de marcadores sorológicos do vírus da hepatite B (VHB) foi pesquisada em uma área endêmica para EM no Brasil. O estudo longitudinal (coorte) incluiu membros das famílias residentes na área de transmissão de EM de Catolândia (Estado da Bahia, Brasil), o qual foi iniciado em 1975-76, com periódicos exames clínicos, parasitológicos (Kato-Katz), tratamentos (oxamniquine e/ou praziquantel) e medidas de desenvolvimento sanitário. Amostras séricas (n = 1.273) dos residentes foram testadas para marcadores do VHB (ELISA: AgHBs, anti-HBs e anti-HBc). De 1976 a 1996, após dois ou mais tratamentos específicos, em 72 casos foi observada a regressão clínica da forma HE e não observada em outros 15 casos, mas em ambos os grupos as frequências dos marcadores sorológicos do VHB foram similares (p >/ 0,17). Quando os residentes foram reclassificados em dois grupos (com ou sem prévio contato com o VHB, a distribuição do diagnóstico final de regressão dos pacientes hepatosplênicos (HE) foi também similar (p >0,64). Em conclusão, a presença de AgHBs ou infecção curada pelo não foi associada a não-regressão da forma HE


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Cohort Studies , Hepatitis B virus , Regression Analysis , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Serologic Tests , Endemic Diseases
10.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 33(2): 117-122, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-331558

ABSTRACT

A procura por novos esquemas terapêuticos para a retinite por HCMV levou pesquisadores à busca de um modelo animal para o estudo desta infecção. Em estudo anterior, não conseguimos nível adequado de imunossupressão com associação de Azathioprina e Prednisona em coelhos. Assim, optamos por utilizar a Ciclofosfamida em cinco coelhos da raça New Zealand, e injetamos HCMV no vítreo de ambos os olhos de cada um deles, em diferentes etapas do protocolo de imunossupressão. O períodos de seguimento foi de até 112 dias, avaliando-se alterações sistêmicas (peso, hemograma) e alterações oculares (através de oftalmoscopia binocular indireta e retinografia). Após o sacrifício dos animais, pesquisaram-se antígenos de HCMV em vítreo e retina. Encontrou-se importante perda de peso, hemograma não compatível com os sinais de imunossupressão, lesões retinianas e alterações vítreas inespecíficas (exsudatos e vitreíte com involução espontânea). Não foram detectados antígenos de HCMV nos Inprints de retinas e vítreos dos coelhos sacrificados. Desse modo, concluiu-se que, também com esse novo esquema de imunossupressão, o HCMV causa inflamação intra-ocular inespecífica. Portanto, a inoculação do HCMV, em coelhos, não determina modelo experimental para a retinite pelo CMV


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rabbits , Cyclophosphamide , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis , Immunosuppression Therapy , Cytomegalovirus , Disease Models, Animal
11.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 33(2): 141-146, abr.-jun. 2000. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-331562

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de conhecer e atualizar as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes com aids e infecções oportunistas na região de Ribeirão Preto, foram revisados os prontuários médicos de 1019 pacientes com aids, do sub-grupo IVc (CDC), atendidos no HCFMRP, no período de janeiro de 1992 a agosto de 1996. Os seguintes itens foram analisados: data do primeiro atendimento, sexo, idade, cidade em que residia, via provável de aquisição do HIV, época do primeiro exame anti-HIV positivo, número de linfócitos CD4/mm3 por ocasião do primeiro atendimento, data da primeira manifestação infecciosa após o início do seguimento, tipo e número de complicação(ões) infecciosa(s), data do óbito e tipo de infecção(ões) diagnosticada(s) nos pacientes que faleceram. Os resultados, quando comparados com os obtidos no período de 1987 a 1991, apontam para modificações importantes em algumas características dos pacientes no segundo período, como aumento da via de transmissão heterossexual do HIV, aumento da participação de mulheres na casuística, uma tendência de diagnóstico mais precoce da infecção pelo HIV e aumento da sobrevida dos pacientes. Por outro lado, os pacientes continuam sendo acometidos por ampla gama de processos infecciosos durante a evolução da aids, com destaque para a candidíase, as pneumonias bacterianas, a neurotoxoplasmose, a pneumonia por P. carinii, a sinusite, a diarréia e a neurocriptococose. Menção especial deve ser feita à tuberculose que acometeu cerca de 30 por cento dos pacientes durante o período de seguimento


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Candidiasis/complications , Pneumonia, Bacterial , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral , Brazil , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis
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