ABSTRACT
Tiamulin is a diterpenic veterinary drug widely used in swine for the control of infectious diseases, including swine dysentery and enzootic pneumonia. Tiamulin is well tolerated and only a few drug interactions have been reported with some ionophore antibiotics. A case of tiamulin adverse drug interaction with nitrovin, a nitrofuranic growth promoter, in fattening pigs from a commercial farm is described. To confirm the diagnosis, experimental reproduction was conducted using 20 healthy female pigs. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1 of them receiving feed medicated with 100 mg tiamulin hydrogen fumarate/kg, another received 20 mg nitrovin/kg to establish the harmlessness of the drugs alone. The other 2 groups received feeds containing both drugs at the previous concentrations, one of which came from the farm. In the last 2 groups clinical signs appeared 72-96 h after initially feeding pigs the tiamulin hydrogen fumarate + nitrovin-containing feed. The animals had uneasiness, anxiety, skin erythema, and rash on snout, vulva and abdomen, and increased body temperatures. No mortality occurred, and there were no characteristic findings during pathological examination. The signs disappeared after 96 h of consuming the medicated feed, leaving a slight skin thickening of the affected regions. All signs disappeared spontaneously 4-5 d after ceasing medication.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity , Anti-Infective Agents/toxicity , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Nitrovin/toxicity , Swine Diseases/chemically induced , Animal Feed , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Diterpenes/administration & dosage , Diterpenes/toxicity , Drug Interactions , Female , Nitrovin/administration & dosage , Reproducibility of Results , SwineABSTRACT
Twenty-six Holstein calves with clinical and pathological effects suggesting a toxic plant intoxication were studied. A view of the plants in the region and blood examination (hemogram, albumin, total protein, calcium and phosphorus) and determination of bone calcium were done. Five calves were slaughtered and pathological examinations were performed. Observed metabolic, pathological and clinical alterations were compatible with intoxication from Cestrum diurnum.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/chemically induced , Plant Poisoning/veterinary , Animals , Bone Density/drug effects , Calcium/metabolism , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/blood , Hematologic Tests , Plant Poisoning/bloodABSTRACT
O teste de reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" foi avaliado como critério para a seleçäo de doses em bezerros tratados com ß1-3 glucano. Observou-se que o tratamento com ß1-3 glucano estimulou a reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" e que esta estimulaçäo apresenta um comportamento estimulatório bifásico para as três doses de 1, 3 e 5mg/kg de peso corporal, este efeito está freqüentemente associado à administraçäo parenteral de carboidratos imunomoduladores. A resposta foi observada por período de 3 e 14 dias para as doses entre 1 e 5mg/kg e 3 e 21 dias para 3mg/kg de peso corporal. A mais alta resposta foi observada 14 dias após o tratamento. A dose de 5mg/kg foi selecionada como a mais adequada por apresentar o mais alto índice estimulatório observado