ABSTRACT
To compare the genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates of human and animal origin collected in Rio de Janeiro City, 30 C. jejuni and 35 C. coli isolates from animal sources (n=45) and human patients with gastroenteritis (n=20) were genotyped by PCR-based techniques, namely random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (ERIC-PCR). RAPD-PCR identified 50 types and ERIC-PCR identified 22 genotypes, among the 65 Campylobacter isolates. Both PCR methods discriminated the C. jejuni and C. coli groups of isolates. Combining the results of both methods, no single genotype was shared between isolates from human and animal sources. Two groups of two C. coli isolates each with identical genotypes were found among poultry and pig isolates. A high level of genetic diversity observed among the Campylobacter isolates suggests lack of overlap between isolates from different sources.
Subject(s)
Campylobacter Infections/microbiology , Campylobacter coli/genetics , Campylobacter jejuni/genetics , Genetic Variation , Genotype , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/veterinary , Humans , PhylogenyABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a circulação de Campylobacter spp. em uma criação de primatas neotropicais macacos-de-cheiro (Saimiri spp.), clinicamente saudáveis, utilizados em investigações biomédicas. A análise foi feita no decorrer de sete anos não consecutivos, de 1995 a 1999, 2002 e 2003. Os resultados revelaram um maior índice de positividade no ano de 1996, em contraste com a ausência do agente em 2003. Os dados sugerem que as alterações realizadas no manejo animal, ao longo deste estudo, foram eficazes para a eliminação do Campylobacter spp. na criação de macacos-de-cheiro, levando os animais a uma melhor qualidade de vida e, consequentemente, obtendo-se um melhor produto para fins de pesquisas.
The circulation of Campylobacter spp. in a breeding colony of clinically healthy neotropical primates squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) used in biomedical investigation was evaluated. Analyses were undertaken during seven non-consecutive years: 1995 to 1999, 2002 and 2003. Results revealed a higher rate of positivity in 1996, in contrast to the absence of the agent in 2003. The data suggest that the changes made in the animal management during this study were effective for the Campylobacter spp. elimination of the squirrel monkeys breeding colony, leading to a better quality of life and, hence, resulting in a better animal for research.
ABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a circulação de Campylobacter spp. em uma criação de primatas neotropicais macacos-de-cheiro (Saimiri spp.), clinicamente saudáveis, utilizados em investigações biomédicas. A análise foi feita no decorrer de sete anos não consecutivos, de 1995 a 1999, 2002 e 2003. Os resultados revelaram um maior índice de positividade no ano de 1996, em contraste com a ausência do agente em 2003. Os dados sugerem que as alterações realizadas no manejo animal, ao longo deste estudo, foram eficazes para a eliminação do Campylobacter spp. na criação de macacos-de-cheiro, levando os animais a uma melhor qualidade de vida e, consequentemente, obtendo-se um melhor produto para fins de pesquisas.(AU)
The circulation of Campylobacter spp. in a breeding colony of clinically healthy neotropical primates squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) used in biomedical investigation was evaluated. Analyses were undertaken during seven non-consecutive years: 1995 to 1999, 2002 and 2003. Results revealed a higher rate of positivity in 1996, in contrast to the absence of the agent in 2003. The data suggest that the changes made in the animal management during this study were effective for the Campylobacter spp. elimination of the squirrel monkeys breeding colony, leading to a better quality of life and, hence, resulting in a better animal for research.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Campylobacter/isolation & purification , Feces/microbiology , Animal Technicians , Animal Welfare , Veterinary Medicine/standards , SaimiriABSTRACT
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates to antimicrobial agents and to investigate the presence of plasmid DNA. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 15 clinical isolates from children faeces, and 29 animal isolates of Campylobacter jejuni (n=22) and Campylobacter coli (n=22) were tested for susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents using a disc diffusion method, and screened for the presence of plasmid DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis. Of the 44 isolates, 56.8% were resistant to sulphonamide, 25% to norfloxacin, 18.2% to erythromicin, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, and 13.6% to tetracycline. All isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, chloramphenicol and cefotaxime. Plasmids were detected in one Camp. jejuni (4.54%) strain isolated from sheep and in six (27.27%) Camp. coli strains isolated from rhesus monkey(3), swine(2), and poultry(1) with sizes ranging from 3.4 to 50 kb. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the human isolates were susceptible to antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of campylobacteriosis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The origin and spread of Campylobacter resistance to antibiotics are discussed, with particular respect to the current situation in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology , Campylobacter coli/drug effects , Campylobacter jejuni/drug effects , Plasmids/genetics , Animals , Campylobacter Infections/microbiology , Campylobacter coli/genetics , Campylobacter jejuni/genetics , Child , Dogs , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Humans , Incidence , Microbial Sensitivity TestsSubject(s)
Campylobacter Infections/veterinary , Campylobacter coli/isolation & purification , Campylobacter jejuni/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Animals , Base Sequence , Campylobacter Infections/diagnosis , Campylobacter coli/classification , Campylobacter coli/genetics , Campylobacter jejuni/classification , Campylobacter jejuni/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Thermophilic campylobacters were isolated from three sewage plants in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and identified. Laboratory analysis of 390 sewage samples showed the presence of 169 thermophilic strains. The results demonstrated that human and animal pathogenic biotypes could be isolated from activated sludge during the initial processing steps. The aeration tank could be considered a barrier to Campylobacter survival. C. jejuni was the prevalent species isolated (40.8%). The most common biotypes were C. jejuni biotype I (21.3%), C. coli biotype I (16%) and C. jejuni biotype II (14.8%).
Subject(s)
Campylobacter/classification , Campylobacter/isolation & purification , Sewage/microbiology , Water Microbiology , Bacterial Typing TechniquesABSTRACT
O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de identificar portadores assintomáticos do vibrião colérico em Manacapuru, AM, 1249 amostras fecais foram obtidas por swab retal e submetidas à análise bacteriológica. Vibrio cholerae O1 não foi detectado. Foram isolados e identificados: V. funissii em 12 (0,9%) amostras, V. fluvialis, em 4 (0,3%) e V. hollisae em 1 (0,1%).
The study was carried out to identify asymptomatic carriers of V. cholerae O1 in Manacapuru, AM. 1249 feces samples was obtained by rectal swab and cultivated. Had no growth of V. cholerae. On the other hand were isolated and identified: V. furnissii in 12 (0.9%) samples, V. fluvialis in 4 (0.3%) and V. hollisae in 1 (0.1%).
Subject(s)
Humans , Feces/microbiology , Urban Population , Vibrio cholerae/isolation & purification , Brazil , Cholera/microbiology , Carrier State/microbiologyABSTRACT
The study was carried out to identify asymptomatic carriers of V. cholerae O1 in Manacapuru, AM. 1249 feces samples was obtained by rectal swab and cultivated. Had no growth of V. cholerae. On the other hand were isolated and identified: V. furnissii in 12 (0.9%) samples, V. fluvialis in 4 (0.3%) and V. hollisae in 1 (0.1%).