ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Changes in the skeletal muscle are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These changes impair your motor skills. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to investigate changes in skeletal muscle in patients with T2DM. METHODS: The search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until December 1, 2021. Observational studies that evaluated musculoskeletal changes in people with T2DM were included. The review was based on PRISMA recommendations. The primary parameters analyzed were muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle power, and muscle endurance. RESULTS: Forty-eight studies were included, with a total of 26,042 participants. The results revealed that T2DM is associated with a reduction in handgrip [-2.64 (CI 95% = -3.33 to -1.95, Z = -7.50, p < .0001], and knee extension muscle strength [-0.56 (CI 95% = -0.76 to -0.36, Z = -5.64, p < .0001)], a higher percentage of type II fibers [11.74 (CI 95% = 6.24 to 17.25, Z = 4.18, p < .0001)], and a lower percentage of type I fibers [-15.69 (CI 95% = -18.22 to -13.16, Z = -12.16, p < .0001], in addition to a greater thickness of the calcaneus tendon (p < .0001). CONCLUSION: Individuals with T2DM present skeletal muscle impairments, mainly reduced muscle strength, mass, and endurance; increase in the thickness of the calcaneus tendon, and alteration in the proportion of type I and II fibers, even in the initial stage of the disease.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Humans , Hand Strength , Muscle, Skeletal , Muscle Strength/physiology , KneeABSTRACT
Objetivo: Atualizar a literatura sobre os efeitos da terapia aquática no equilíbrio de pacientes pós-AVE e verificar os métodos avaliativos mais empregados. Métodos: A busca na literatura foi realizada em 6 bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PEDro e Cochrane, utilizando a associação de descritores, palavras-chave e operadores booleanos "Stroke" AND "Hydrotherapy" OR "Hydrokinesiotherapy" OR "Aquatic Physiotherapy" AND "Balance", estipulando critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: Dos 259 estudos identificados, foram selecionados 14 para análise e síntese qualitativa. No geral, os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas no equilíbrio de indivíduos com AVE após terapia aquática. Conclusão: Quando comparada às técnicas de fisioterapia neurofuncional convencionais, a fisioterapia aquática apresenta superioridade de eficácia. Os meios avaliativos mais utilizados são a Berg Balance Scale e a Timed Up and Go por se tratarem de ferramentas de rápida e fácil aplicação, além de alta eficácia, demonstrando a relevância do estudo em aspectos de reabilitação funcional em meio a disfunções advindas de comprometimentos neurológicos.
