Can Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improve the Resistance Strength and Decrease the Rating Perceived Scale in Recreational Weight-Training Experience?

Lattari, E, Andrade, ML, Filho, AS, Moura, AM, Neto, GM, Silva, JG, Rocha, NB, Yuan, T-F, Arias-Carrión, O, and Machado, S. Can transcranial direct current stimulation improve the resistance strength and decrease the rating perceived scale in recreational weight-training experience? J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3381-3387, 2016-The goal of this study was to evaluate the acute efficacy of anodic transcranial direct current stimulation on the total volume of repetitions and perceived exertion in recreationally trained individuals in strength. The sample consisted of 10 participants trained in exercise against resistance for at least 3 months. Participants underwent elbow flexion exercise at barbell with a specific load of 10 repetition maximum (10RM), responded immediately after the OMNI-RES scale, and were stimulated for 20 minutes with a tDSC protocol (2 mA), depending on randomization. After applying the tDSC, subjects were again subjected to perform elbow flexion with 10RM load and, soon after, again responded to OMNI-RES scale. All subjects underwent the 3 experimental conditions of the study, c-tDSC, a-tDSC, and sham-tDSC, which were randomized. A range of 48-72 hours was allowed between each assessment visit. An interaction to condition and time (F = 52.395; p ≤ 0.001) has shown that repetitions completed after anodic condition were higher compared with the other conditions in the postsession. In relation to perceived exertion, verified by OMNI-RES scale, 2-way analysis of variance for repeated measures showed an interaction between condition and time (F = 28.445; p ≤ 0.001), where the perceived exertion was decreased after the a-tDSC condition and increased after the c-tDSC condition. In strict terms of performance, it seems to be beneficial to attend a session of 20 minutes a-tDSC, when strength training practitioners can no longer support high-volume training and have increased responses in the perceived exertion.

Relationship between anaerobic cycling tests and mountain bike cross-country performance.

Despite its apparent relevance, there is no evidence supporting the importance of anaerobic metabolism in Olympic crosscountry mountain biking (XCO). The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between XCO race time and performance indicators of anaerobic power. Ten XCO riders (age: 28 ± 5 years; weight: 68.7 ± 7.7 kg; height: 177.9 ± 7.4 cm; estimated body fat: 5.7 ± 2.8%; estimated ·VO2max: 68.4 ± 5.7 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) participating in the Lagos Mountain Bike Championship (Brazil) completed 2 separate testing sessions before the race. In the first session, after anthropometric assessments were performed, the cyclists completed a single 30-second Wingate (WIN) test and an intermittent tests consisting of 5 × 30-second WIN tests (50% of the single WIN load) with 30 seconds of recovery between trials. In the second session, the riders performed a maximal incremental test. A significant correlation was found between race time and maximal power on the 5× WIN test (r = -0.79, IC(95%) -0.94 to -0.32, p = 0.006) and the mean average power on the 5× WIN test normalized by body mass (r = -0.63, IC(95%) -0.90 to -0.01, p = 0.048). The finding of the study supports the use of anaerobic tests for assessing mountain bikers participating in XCO competitions and suggests that anaerobic power is an important determinant of performance.

Eficácia, tolerabilidade e controle de ciclo de um novo contraceptivo de baixa dose contendo 75 mcg de gestodeno e 20 mcg de etinilestradiol / Efficacy, tolerability and cycle control of a new low-dose contraceptive containing 75 mcg gestopne and 20 mcg ethinylestradiol

Um estudo multicêntrico foi conduzido em 12 centros brasileiros para avaliar a eficácia, tolerabilidade e controle de ciclo de um novo contraceptivo de baixa dose contendo 75 mc de gestodeno e 20 mcg de etinilestradiol, durante seis ciclos de tratamento. Participaram do estudo 323 mulheres, das quais 272 completaram os seis ciclos de tratamento. Nenhuma gravidez ocorreu entre as usuárias do contraceptivo em estudo. Um total de 1.705 ciclos foi avaliado quanto ao padrao de sangramento. Em 95,2 por cento dos ciclos nao houve spoting nem sangramento de escape. Ocorreu spotting em 3,9 por cento dos ciclos e sangramento de escape em 2,5 por cento dos ciclos. Com relaçao ao número de mulheres, 86,1 por cento nao apresentaram spotting nem sangramento de escape em nenhum momento do ciclo. Observou-se uma diminuiçao significativa, com relaçaoa o pré tratamento, da incidência e intensidade de sinais e sintomas tais como acne, dismenorréia, edema, desconforto mamário, náusea, cefaléia, enxaqueca, tontura, nervosismo, depressao e fadiga. Nao houve variaçao significativa no peso médio ao longo do tratamento. A adesao ao tratamento foi boa, tendo havido esquecimento de tomada de uma ou mais pílulas em apenas 4 por cento de ciclos; 15,8 por cento das mulheres nao completaram o período de seis ciclos de tratamento, sendo que em 5,9 por cento dos casos a razao para descontinuaçao foi atribuída a efeitos adversos. Os resultados permitem concluir pela eficácia contraceptiva, bom controle de ciclo e tolerabiblidade do novo contraceptivo contendo gestodeno associaçao a 20 mcg de etinilestradiol