ABSTRACT
No cultivo de plantas medicinais as condições de salinidade e de luz podem exercer influência no rendimento e na qualidade final da produção de biomassa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes luminosidades e níveis de salinidade na água de irrigação sobre o crescimento e tolerância de três espécies de plantas do gênero Plectranthus. O ensaio foi conduzido em parcelas subsubdivididas com cinco repetições, sendo as parcelas referente ao fator ambiente (pleno sol e telado), as subparcelas aos níveis de salinidade na água de irrigação - CEa (0,7; 1,9; 3,1; 4,3 e 5,5 dS m-1), e as subsubparcelas às três espécies do gênero Plectranthus (P. amboinicus, P. barbatus e P. grandis). As variáveis de resposta foram: índice relativo de clorofila (IRC), área foliar (AF), razão de área foliar (RAF), área foliar específica (AFE), matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA), matéria seca das raízes (MSR), matéria seca total (MST), relação MSR/MSPA, grau de tolerância à salinidade, e teor dos íons Na+ e K+. O estresse salino reduziu o crescimento das plantas, sendo as maiores reduções observadas nas plantas expostas a pleno sol. A salinidade influenciou a partição de matéria seca, sendo as raízes mais afetadas do que a parte aérea. Com o aumento da CEa houve aumento expressivo no teor foliar de Na+, enquanto o teor de K+ e o IRC foram reduzidos. Entretanto, o acúmulo de Na+ foi menor em P. grandis. Considerando-se a MST, verificou-se que as três espécies se mostraram moderadamente tolerantes à salinidade de até 3,1 dS m-1, exceto P. grandis cultivada em telado, classificada como tolerante. Em relação ao grau de redução na produção MSPA (parte de interesse comercial), poderia se recomendar o cultivo de P. grandis quando a água de irrigação contiver CEa de até 3,1 dS m-1.
In the cultivation of medicinal plants, salinity and light can affect the yield and quality of biomass. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light and salinity levels of the irrigation water on the growth and salt tolerance of three medicinal plant species of the genus Plectranthus. A completely randomized split-plot design with five repetitions was used. The plots were formed by the environment of cultivation (full sunlight and greenhouse), the subplots by the salinity in the irrigation water - ECw (0.7, 1.9, 3.1, 4.3 and 5.5 dS m-1), and the subsubplots by the three plant species (P. amboinicus, P. barbatus and P. grandis). The following variables were evaluated: relative chlorophyll index (RCI), leaf area (LA), leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), shoot dry mass (SDM), root dry mass (RDM), total dry mass (TDM), RDM/SDM ratio, relative salt tolerance, and concentration of Na+ and K+ in leaves. Salinity reduced plant growth, with the greatest reductions observed in plants exposed to full sunlight. Salinity affected the dry matter partitioning, and the roots were more affected than the shoot. With increasing ECw, there was a significant increase in the concentration of Na+ in the leaves, while K+ and RCI decreased. However, the increase in Na+ accumulation was lower in P grandis. The three species were moderately tolerant to salinity up to 3.1 dS m-1, considering the total dry mass production, except the P. grandis grown in greenhouse, classified as tolerant. Regarding the relative reduction in shoot dry mass (part of commercial interest), we could recommend the cultivation of P. grandis when the available irrigation water presents values of ECw up to 3.1 dS m-1.
Subject(s)
Radiation/classification , Plectranthus/growth & development , Salinity , Biomass , /analysis , Agricultural Irrigation/instrumentation , Ions/pharmacologyABSTRACT
In this work it is presented for the first time the nanostructured hydroxyapatites doped with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 wt% of Eu(3+) prepared at room temperature by the mechanical alloying technique. X-ray diffraction powder (XRD), infrared (IR) and Raman scattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness measurements as well as luminescent data of Eu(3+) were used to investigate the structural and optical properties of these nanomaterials. The electrical and dielectrical analyses were used with the intention of having a better comprehension about the electromagnetic fields in pure and doped hydroxyapatites.
ABSTRACT
We report on 2 sisters and one brother with severe dental anomalies, trichodysplasia, onychodysplasia, and slight skin alterations. Four other relatives have only mild dental anomalies. Differential diagnosis includes 3 other ectodermal dysplasias: hypodontia and nail dysgenesis, dermoodontodysplasia, and trichodermodysplasia with dental alterations. Cause is unknown.
Subject(s)
Ectodermal Dysplasia/diagnosis , Nails, Malformed , Skin Abnormalities , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Ectodermal Dysplasia/complications , Ectodermal Dysplasia/diagnostic imaging , Female , Hair/abnormalities , Hair/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pedigree , Radiography, Panoramic , Skin/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Abnormalities/diagnosisABSTRACT
The authors studied the CREEP of 5 amalgam alloys (1 conventional and 4 with high cooper) by the application os static load of 36 MPa in 478 mm specimens, 7 days old. After CREEP test, the samples were included in acrylic resin and Vickers hardness determined by three penetrations for each portion (cervical, medium and occlusal). Samples not submitted to the creep test was used with control. They concluded that no statistic difference was found in creep test but in Vickers test all the studied materials showed different hardness averages. The load application to samples increased the hardness of all the studied materials.
Subject(s)
Dental Amalgam/chemistry , Hardness , Hardness Tests , Materials Testing , RheologyABSTRACT
They were casted pieces using three kinds of alloy (Ni-Cr, Ag-Sn and Cu-Al) with circular and smooth surface. They were cemented to human teeth, on occlusal surface, grounded at dentin level, through three different materials kind (zinc polycarboxylate cement, glassionomer cement and composite). After 24 hours storing, the samples were subjected to the tensile test. The results showed that the samples cemented with composite and the casts made with Ag-Sn alloy had higher bond strength.
Subject(s)
Dental Alloys , Dental Bonding , Dental Cements , Dentin , Resin Cements , Cementation , Glass Ionomer Cements , Phosphates , Polycarboxylate Cement , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
It was verified the penetration of phosphoric acid into 3 commercial calcium hydroxide-based cements (Life, Renew and Prisma VLC Dycal). The colorimetric method employed permitted the identidication of phosphorus amount in representative samples of 6 successive layers 0.1 mm thick of each material. The acid etching used were the commercial products Scotchbond Etching Gel--3M at 36.114% by weight and Solução Condicionadora--Johnson & Johnson at 36.054% by weight. The contact time was 60 seconds. The result showed that layers 0.1 mm tick for Life and Prisma VLC Dycal and 0.2 mm thick for Renew were able to block the penetration of phosphoric acid solution whereas layers 0.1 mm thick for the 3 cements were able to block the penetration of phosphoric acid gel.
Subject(s)
Acid Etching, Dental , Calcium Hydroxide/pharmacology , Colorimetry , Dental Cements/pharmacology , Dental Enamel/drug effects , Dental Enamel Solubility , Dental Pulp Capping , Phosphoric Acids , Phosphorus/analysisABSTRACT
The purpose of this "in vitro" study was to investigate the cervical marginal leakage in class II restorations with chemically cured resin (P10) and light-cured resin (P30) in two types of cavities: conventional and adhesive. The effect of acid-etching in this area was also observed. Dentine adhesive Scotchbond was used in all experimental groups. Leakage was evidenced by Rodamina B dye penetration after thermocycling procedure between 10 degrees C and 50 degrees C temperature and analysed by using Zeiss Stereoscopic Magnifying Glass (10 X). According to the results obtained marginal leakage occurred in all experimental groups, with lower percentage for adhesives cavities when enamel acid-etching and light-cured resin P30 was used.