[Effect of therapy with blood component (activated autoplasma) on blood glutathione level in patients with vascular abnormalities on the fundus oculi]. / Vliianie gemokomponentnoi terapii (aktivirovannoi autoplazmy) na uroven' glutationa v krovi u bol'nykh s sosudistoi patologiei glaznogo dna.

Thirty-three patients with central chorioretinal dystrophy, 18 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and 15 controls without ocular diseases were examined. All patients were treated by blood components. The treatment started with activation of blood plasma platelets. Glutathione was measured in two portions of plasma: intact and containing platelet activation products. The content of glutathione was higher in activated autoplasma of 21 patients with central chorioretinal dystrophy and 6 patients with diabetic retinopathy than in intact plasma by 107 and 72%, respectively. A decrease in glutathione level in activated autoplasma was observed in 1 patient with central chorioretinal dystrophy and in 9 with diabetic retinopathy. Hence, antioxidant defense is decreased in diabetic retinopathy, since glutathione is involved in reduction of organic hydroperoxides.

[Lipoic acid as a means of metabolic therapy of open-angle glaucoma]. / Lipoeva kislota kak sredstvo metabolicheskoi terapii otkrytougol'noi glaukomy.

A total of 45 patients (90 eyes) with stages I and II open-angle glaucoma (OAG) were examined, 26 of these were administered lipoic acid in a daily dose of 0.075 g for 2 months and 19 were given 0.15 g daily for 1 month. Control group consisted of 31 patients with OAG who were administered only local hypotensive therapy. Vision acuity and visual field were checked up, tonometry, tonography, and campimetry carried out, and levels of nonprotein SH-groups and activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase measured in the lacrimal fluid. Improvement of the biochemical parameters, visual function, and of the coefficient of efficacy of liquid discharge was more expressed in the patients administered lipoic acid in a daily dose of 0.15 g. Color campimetry results indicate improved sensitivity of the visual analyzer under the effect of treatment. Improvement was attained in approximately 45-47.5% of examined eyes, and was more often seen in patients with stage II OAG: in 57-58% eyes. The effect of lipoic acid may be explained by its antioxidant properties and direct influence on ocular tissue metabolism.

[The effect of lipoic acid on the components of the glutathione system in the lacrimal fluid of patients with open-angle glaucoma]. / Vliianie lipoevoi kisloty na komponenty sistemy glutationa v sleznoi zhidkosti bol'nykh otkrytougol'noi glaukomoi.

Nonprotein SH groups and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were detected in the lacrimal fluid of patients with open-angle glaucoma and senile cataract and in controls (in 82 and 100% of the examinees, respectively). In stage II glaucoma SH group level was found reduced vs. that in stage I or control. Intake of lipoic acid by patients with stage II glaucoma resulted in a reliable increase of lacrimal SH group level. Measurements of lacrimal fluid nonprotein SH groups may be used to monitor antioxidant therapy of patients with open-angle glaucoma.

[New directions in the hypotensive therapy of open-angle glaucoma (experimental and clinical research)]. / Novye napravleniia gipotenzivnoi terapii otkrytougol'noi glaukomy (éksperimental'no-klinicheskie issledovaniia).

Clinical use of eye drops of a hybrid beta-alpha-adrenoblocker OF-4680 to reduce intraocular pressure has shown a high efficacy of the drug, not inferior to thymolol, for local hypotensive therapy of open-angle glaucoma. A combination of thymolol with taurin helped reduce the inhibiting effect of the beta-blocker on chamber humor secretion and simultaneously enhanced its discharge. The results evidence the desirability of correcting glutathion deficiency, detected in the patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, by lipoic acid.

[A glutathione deficiency in open-angle glaucoma and the approaches to its correction]. / Defitsit glutationa pri otkrytougol'noi glaukome i podkhody k ego korrektsii.

A total of 151 patients with open-angle glaucoma, 23 ones with closed angle glaucoma, and 57 ones with age-associated cataracts were examined. The reference group consisted of 21 subjects with posttraumatic cataracts (1.5 years after the injury) and normal subjects. Nonprotein sulfhydryl groups (glutathione) were measured in the peripheral blood, aqueous humor, and in tissue samples from the scleral drainage sites, obtained in antiglaucoma surgery and in surgery for cataract extraction. Aqueous humor of patients with posttraumatic cataracts, blood samples of these patients and normal subjects were examined for control. The level of sulfhydryl groups was found significantly lowered in the anterior chamber humor of patients with open-angle glaucoma, particularly in those with disease Stages II and III as against the controls. The content of sulfhydryl groups was lowered in the tissue samples from the scleral drainage area of patients with open-angle glaucoma Stages II and III vs. that in the patients with Stage I condition. Similar changes were found in the red cells of patients with Stages II and III open-angle glaucoma. Glutathione is an important component of the cellular antioxidant system. The findings point to a reduction of the processes of antioxidant defense of ocular tissues, developing as early as in the first stage of open-angle glaucoma. Lipoic acid administration for 2 months was associated with a rise of glutathione level in the red cells of patients with Stages II and III open-angle glaucoma.

[Effect of lipoic acid on tyrosine metabolism in patients with open-angle glaucoma]. / Issledovanie deistviia lipoevoi kisloty na obmen tirozina u bol'nykh otkrytougol'noi glaukomoi.

Lipoic acid effects on tyrosine metabolism and ocular hydrodynamics were examined in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Glaucoma patients not administered the drug and patients with ocular hypertension made up two reference groups. In the majority of glaucoma patients administration of lipoic acid did not result in improvement of tyrosine metabolism, whereas hydrodynamic parameters somewhat increased. Tyrosine metabolism normalized in the patients administered lipoic acid in complex with tyrosine catabolism cofactors (pyridoxal phosphate, ascorbic acid, iron ions). The studied parameters improved in ocular hypertension patients administered lipoic acid. The authors' findings and the literature data permit recommending lipoic acid in complex with vitamins B1, B2, B5 (PP), B6 (pyridoxal phosphate), C to glaucoma patients. Judging from the reaction to lipoic acid administration, tyrosine catabolism enzyme activities in glaucoma patients are related to a peculiar sensitization of the body.