ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the moderator role of work experience in the impact of ethical culture perceptions of healthcare professionals on their whistleblowing tendencies. It is also to reveal the effect of organizational trust on whistleblowing. METHODS: The population of the study consists of health personnel working in the public or private sector in Turkey. The sample of the study consists of 481 health workers who voluntarily participated in the survey. Data were collected using the convenience sampling technique. In collecting data, whistleblowing, organizational trust, and ethical culture scales were used. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and path analysis in the structural equation model were performed. RESULTS: The findings reveal that organizational trust has an impact on ethical culture and that some sub-components of organizational trust and ethical culture have an impact on whistleblowing. In addition, it has been determined that the group of health professionals with low work experience has a moderating role in the effect of applicability on internal whistleblowing. CONCLUSION: To handle the whistleblowing mechanism internally in health institutions, it is important to clearly show the ethical rules to the employees. On the other hand, it has been seen that the professional experiences of the employees can be used as a tool for whistleblowing to work.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare two different exercise programmes versus a control group, after lumbar disc surgery. DESIGN: A prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. SUBJECTS: Sixty patients diagnosed as having single level lumbar disc herniation with clinical examination and MRI evaluation and who had undergone lumbar discectomy (post-operative first month) at a single level. Patients with serious pathologies involving the cardiac and respiratory systems that could prevent them from doing exercises were excluded. INTERVENTION: The patients were randomly split into three groups. The first group received an intensive exercise programme and back school education while the second group received a home exercise programme and back school education. The third group was defined as the control group and did not receive education or exercise. MAIN MEASURES: The patients were evaluated at the beginning and end of the treatment with clinical parameters, pain levels, endurance tests and weight-lifting tests, modified Oswestry Disability Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Low Back Pain Rating Scale and return to work. RESULTS: The groups doing exercises experienced a decrease in the severity of pain and disability, also functional parameters showed better improvement than the control group. The intensive exercise programme was better than the home exercise programme. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that intensive exercise is more effective in reduction of pain and disability, but whether it is cost-effective is not clear.