ABSTRACT
Materials used for dental crowns show a wide range of variety, and a dentist's choice can depend on several factors such as patient desires, esthetics, tooth factors, etc. One of the most important issues for implant surgery is the primary stability and it should be provided to minimize the risks of screw loosening, failed osseointegration, or nonunion. The current study aims to present the Finite Element Analysis (FEA)-based material selection strategy for a dental crown in terms of reducing the aforementioned risks of dental implants. A virtual surgery mandible model obtained using MIMICS software was transferred to the ANSYS and material candidates determined using CES software were compared using FEA. The results indicated that Zr02+Y2O3 (zirconia) has shown a 12.79% worse performance compared to Au83-88/Pt4-12/Pd4.5-6 alloy in terms of abutment loosening. On the other hand, zirconia is the most promising material for dental crowns in terms of the stability of the bone-implant complex. Therefore, it may show the best overall performance for clinical use. Moreover, as suggested in this study, a better outcome and more accurate predictions can be achieved using a patient-specific FEA approach for the material selection process.
Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Mandible/physiology , Osseointegration/physiology , Zirconium/chemistry , Crowns , Dental Abutments , Dental Implant-Abutment Design , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Finite Element Analysis , Humans , Mandible/chemistry , Materials Testing , Stress, MechanicalABSTRACT
A novel implant coating material containing graphene oxide (GO) and collagen (COL), and hydroxyapatite (HA) was fabricated with the aid of tannic acid by electrodeposition. The surface of Ti16Nb alloy was subjected to anodic oxidation, and then HA-GO coating was applied to Ti16Nb surface by cathodic method. Then, COL was deposited on the surface of the HA-GO coating by the biomimetic method. HA, HA-GO, HA-GO-COL coatings on the surface of the Ti16Nb alloy have increased the corrosion resistance by the formation of a barrier layer on the surface. For HA-GO-COL coating, the highest corrosion resistance is obtained due to the compactness and homogeneity of the coating structure. The contact angle of the bare Ti16Nb is approximately 65°, while the contact angle of the coated samples is close to 0°. Herein, the increased surface wettability is important for cell adhesion. The surface roughness of the uncoated Ti16Nb alloy was between 1 and 3⯵m, while the surface roughness of the coated surfaces was measured between 20 and 110⯵m. The contact between the bone and the implant has been improved. Graphene oxide-containing coatings have improved the antibacterial properties compared to the GO-free coating using S. aureus. The hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were measured by the nanoindentation test, and the addition of GO and collagen to the HA coating resulted in an increase in strength. The addition of GO to the HA coating reduced the viability of 3â¯T3 fibroblast cells, whereas the addition of collagen to HA-GO coat increased the cell adhesion and viability.
Subject(s)
Alloys/pharmacology , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/pharmacology , Collagen/pharmacology , Durapatite/pharmacology , Electroplating/methods , Graphite/pharmacology , Tin Compounds/chemistry , 3T3 Cells , Animals , Corrosion , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/ultrastructure , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Nanotubes/chemistry , Nanotubes/ultrastructure , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Surface Properties , Tin Compounds/pharmacology , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Ti-Nb-based alloys - with their superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility - are attractive biomaterials for orthopedic implants. By producing this alloys with a porous structure, it is possible to achieve mechanical properties similar to that of bone and to facilitate cellular activities. In this study, Ti16Nb (wt%) alloys containing porosity between 4.05-% and 60.79-% were produced by powder metallurgy using different amounts of space holder materials. The samples were sintered at 1200⯰C for 3â¯h in a high-level vacuum. The effects of the space holder content - in terms of mechanical properties, amount and morphology of the pores, density and the corrosion behavior of the Ti16Nb alloy - were investigated. It is seen that the addition of 70â¯vol% space holder materials to the Ti16Nb alloy leads to a decrease in the density value from 4.67â¯g/cm3 to 1.91â¯g/cm3. Also, it is observed that by producing Ti16Nb with 70â¯vol% space holder, elastic modulus, compressive and transverse rupture strength values decreased from 96â¯GPa to 15â¯GPa, from 1450â¯MPa to 100â¯MPa, and from 1173â¯MPa to 97â¯MPa, respectively. Although Ti16Nb porous alloys are designed by imitating the properties of the cortical bone for use in the production of load-bearing implants, it is seen that increasing the amount of pores causes, an increase in the corrosion rate and the corrosion current density and a decrease in the polarization resistance.