ABSTRACT
This study examined the feasibility of Enzogenol® as a potential treatment modality for concussed individuals with residual symptoms in the chronic phase. Forty-two student-athletes with history of sport-related concussion were enrolled, comparing Enzogenol® versus placebo. Testing was conducted using virtual reality (VR) and electroencephalography (EEG), with neuropsychological (NP) tasks primarily used to induce cognitive challenges. After six weeks, the Enzogenol® group showed enhanced frontal-midline theta, and decreased parietal theta power, indicating reduced mental fatigue. Subjects enrolled in the Enzogenol® group also self-reported reduced mental fatigue and sleep problems. This suggests that Enzogenol® has the potential to improve brain functioning in the chronic phase of concussion.
Subject(s)
Athletic Injuries/drug therapy , Brain Concussion/drug therapy , Cognition/drug effects , Executive Function/drug effects , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Postural Balance/drug effects , Quercetin/analogs & derivatives , Adolescent , Athletes , Athletic Injuries/diagnosis , Athletic Injuries/psychology , Brain Concussion/diagnosis , Brain Concussion/psychology , Electroencephalography , Female , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Humans , Male , Mental Fatigue/drug therapy , Mental Fatigue/psychology , Neuropsychological Tests , Quercetin/pharmacology , Quercetin/therapeutic use , Sleep/drug effects , Young AdultABSTRACT
To assess if the association of epinephrine with local anesthesia involves cardiovascular risks, 14 patients undergoing periodontal treatment were observed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and mean and maximal heart rates were analyzed. The comparison of basal and postanesthetic periods revealed a trend (nonsignificant) toward an increase in systolic blood pressure and a small, statistically significant increase in diastolic blood pressure; the heart rate increased in only a few patients, and never by more than 10 beats/min. The whole group showed a statistically significant reduction in mean and maximal heart rates from the basal period to an end-session period. Thus, in these patients, the given epinephrine doses resulted in negligible changes in heart rate and blood pressure. The reduction in heart rates at the end of treatment underlines the important role of the autonomic nervous system in the modulation of the cardiovascular response during dental sessions.
