ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are various procedures to be considered in the surgical treatment of complicated diverticulitis, which must be selected depending on the classification of diverticular disease (CDD) type and the condition of the patient. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of surgical procedures with respect to aspects such as morbidity, mortality, reconstructive surgery and postoperative quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Evaluation, analysis and assessment of the current literature on surgical treatment of diverticular disease. RESULTS: Laparoscopic sigmoid resection with primary anastomosis is now considered the standard procedure for complicated sigmoid diverticulitis. It is preferable to open resection because of the better results of the minimally invasive approach with respect to the incidence of wound infections, abdominal abscesses and the occurrence of fascial dehiscence. In an emergency situation with perforation and peritonitis (CDD type 2c1/2), primary anastomosis with protective ileostomy should be favored over discontinuity resection (Hartmann's procedure). In particular, it must be taken into account that in a large proportion of patients there is no restoration of continuity after Hartmann's operation. The damage control strategy can be used in perforated sigmoid diverticulitis with generalized peritonitis (CDD type 2c1/2). In individual cases, laparoscopic lavage with insertion of a drainage may be considered as a therapeutic treatment strategy for perforated sigmoid diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis (CDD type 2c1). CONCLUSION: Selection of the surgical procedure for complicated sigmoid diverticulitis remains challenging. Randomized controlled trials of new treatment strategies as well as robotic-assisted surgery should be considered in the choice of surgical procedure in the future.
