ABSTRACT
Data on the long-term treatment of myeloma bone disease with bisphosphonates are scanty. In a prospective pilot trial we evaluated the effect of long-term parenteral administration of dichloromethylene bisphosphonate (Clodronate), in addition to standard chemotherapy, in 30 patients with active myeloma bone disease. Patients were treated with a mean of 4 courses (range 2-8) of Clodronate: 300 mg/day i.v. for seven days followed by 100 mg/day i.m. for 10 days, administered at a mean interval of 4 months (range 3-6). The median follow-up was 24 months (range 8-36). Clodronate reduced bone pain rapidly and significantly, and reduced the mean values of the biochemical indices of bone resorption to within normal limits; these effects were maintained throughout the follow-up. In three hypercalcemic episodes serum calcium became normal after 2-5 days of treatment with Clodronate. No toxic or side effects were noticed. The occurrence of skeletal morbidity in patients treated with Clodronate was compared with that observed in the control group of myeloma patients (p less than 0.001) in severe bone pain as well as in the incidence of new osteolytic lesions and pathological fractures (p less than 0.001). Supportive Clodronate therapy contributes significantly in controlling the progression of myeloma bone disease.
Subject(s)
Bone Diseases/drug therapy , Clodronic Acid/therapeutic use , Diphosphonates/therapeutic use , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Bone Diseases/etiology , Calcium/urine , Clodronic Acid/adverse effects , Humans , Hydroxyproline/urine , Hypercalcemia/prevention & control , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Osteolysis/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Diphosphonates/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy, Combination , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Alendronate , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Melphalan/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/mortality , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
We have compared in an open trial the clinical and biochemical effects of a new aminodiphosphonate, aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate, with those of dichloromethylene diphosphonate, which has been proved effective. The patients presented extensive and symptomatic bone involvement from multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and other metastatic tumors. The treatment consisted of aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate, 2.5 mg/d intravenously for five days, or dichloromethylene diphosphonate, 300 mg/d intravenously for seven days, followed by 100 mg/d intramuscularly for ten days. Twelve patients treated with aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate and 16 patients treated with dichloromethylene diphosphonate were assessable and were followed up for one to six months. Therapy with aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate showed a quicker action in reducing bone pain and reduced significantly more the serum calcium level than did therapy with dichloromethylene diphosphonate. Aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate therapy also affected urinary calcium levels and hydroxyproline excretion more markedly than did dichloromethylene diphosphonate, although the differences are not statistically significant. However, the biochemical indexes rebounded more quickly in patients treated with aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate, indicating that the loading amount (only 12.5 mg) used in this preliminary study is insufficient to sustain a prolonged effect. The effectiveness and lack of side effects render aminohydroxybutylidene diphosphonate an attractive treatment for malignant bone resorption.
