ABSTRACT
This article describes the clinical findings of cranial neuralgias, such as trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, nervus intermedius neuralgia, and others, and postherpetic neuralgia. Pathophysiology of these neuralgias, diagnostic methods, and treatment are also discussed. This information will enable the dentist to diagnose patients who have these rare conditions.
Subject(s)
Facial Pain/etiology , Facial Pain/therapy , Headache/etiology , Headache/therapy , Neuralgia, Postherpetic/complications , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Cranial Nerve Diseases/complications , Cranial Nerve Diseases/therapy , Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases/complications , Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases/therapy , Humans , Neuralgia, Postherpetic/physiopathology , Neuralgia, Postherpetic/therapy , Trigeminal Neuralgia/complications , Trigeminal Neuralgia/therapyABSTRACT
Warfarin has been the primary anticoagulant drug used in the USA for more than 50 years. However, 2 novel types of oral anticoagulants have recently been approved for use in the USA. These are direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran etexilate) and factor Xa inhibitors (e.g., rivaroxaban). Dental health care providers may soon encounter patients who are being prescribed these medications. This article describes the pharmacologic properties and medical uses of these new oral anticoagulants. Also discussed are implications for the management of dental patients being treated with these new oral anticoagulants, including potential interactions with drugs commonly used or prescribed in the course of dental treatment.
Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/pharmacology , Antithrombins/pharmacology , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Morpholines/pharmacology , Oral Surgical Procedures , Thiophenes/pharmacology , beta-Alanine/analogs & derivatives , Administration, Oral , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Antithrombins/administration & dosage , Antithrombins/adverse effects , Benzimidazoles/administration & dosage , Benzimidazoles/adverse effects , Biological Availability , Blood Coagulation Tests , Dabigatran , Drug Interactions , Factor Xa Inhibitors , Half-Life , Humans , Morpholines/administration & dosage , Morpholines/adverse effects , Narcotics/adverse effects , Oral Hemorrhage/etiology , Oral Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology , Rivaroxaban , Thiophenes/administration & dosage , Thiophenes/adverse effects , Warfarin/adverse effects , Warfarin/pharmacology , beta-Alanine/administration & dosage , beta-Alanine/adverse effects , beta-Alanine/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Clinicians can enhance their treatment of both medically complex and geriatric patients by understanding common laboratory testing, an area of healthcare that has expanded greatly over the past decade due to automation and computerized reporting. Testing results regarding a patient's condition can provide valuable information for diagnosis and management of orofacial conditions, guidance on assessing the patient's ability to tolerate the proposed dental treatment, and a prognosis based on a particular treatment. This article describes the use of the complete blood count and other hematology studies in dental care of patients.
Subject(s)
Dental Care for Chronically Ill , Hematologic Tests/methods , Chronic Disease , HumansABSTRACT
This article presents a review of end-stage chronic liver disease (cirrhosis) with emphasis on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and complications of cirrhosis, along with their medical and surgical management and prognosis. This article also discusses the evaluation and management of the dental patients with cirrhosis, including the implications decreased hepatic function has on drugs commonly used in dental treatment.
