The Effect of Combined Therapy on the Support and Development of Social Skills of people with Multiple Sclerosis in Senior Age.

OBJECTIVE: The article contains results of longitudinal research. The aim of the research was to find out how psychomotor therapy with the use of elements of ergotherapy (with the support of cognitive functions; with the support of robotic assisted therapy) on the support and development skills of people with sclerosis multiplex (SM; sclerosis multiplex) in facilities providing social services members of the probands. PROBAND SAMPLE: The research was carried out in 46 probands, with 43.5% of men and 56.5% of women aged 65 - 67 years. The main relevant feature for the selection of probands was the established diagnosis Multiple Sclerosis (according to ICD-10; G35). Another relevant feature for the selection of probands was the length of stay in the facility, which was at least 1 year from the actual start of the facility. The assembled research sample was divided according to other criteria by deliberate selection into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group participated actively in our intervention and consisted of 23 probands of which 10 were men and 13 were women. The control group only participated in the therapies performed at the facility and did not participate in our intervention. The control group also included 10 men and 13 women. The intervention itself lasted 5 months, three times a week for 40 to 55 minutes. We provided input and output data using a standardized test (FIM test; FIM test; Functional Independence Measure). Subsequent comparison of obtained data between input and output testing was performed by Tuckey HSD test at significance level α = 0.05. RESULTS: The achieved results (at the significance level α = 0.05) show that the experimental group underwent better results in comparison with the initial testing and in comparison with the control group, which rather stagnated in the results, respectively. slightly worsened compared to initial testing.

Combined Therapy for Patients after Ischemic Stroke as a Support of Social Adaptability.

THE OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the research was to find out the effectivity of the combined therapy suitable for patients after ischemic stroke (promoting social adaptability). The therapy itself is then focused on robotic, psychomotor and cognitive therapy. The research indicators were divided into three categories of psychological, social and cognitive indicators. PROBAND SAMPLE: We have a 58 probands diagnosed with a stroke participated on the research (ischemic type I60-I69; ICD-10; the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problem), out of which 49 were male patients ages between 48-55 and women between the age of 45-51. The data collection was then done during 2018. Indicators were evaluated and tested firstly after the initiation of the combined therapy, then after 10 weeks of intensive therapy, which took place 3 times a week 45 minutes for each patient participating in the research. RESULTS: The results of the research point to the fact, that combined therapy of robotic, psychomotor and cognitive can have positive effect on, and be suitable as a treatment for patients after ischemic stroke, regarding their productive age. Positive results have been therefore overt among all tested areas. CONCLUSION: The results of the research point to the fact, that combined therapy of robotic, psychomotor and cognitive can have positive effect on, and be suitable as a treatment for patients after ischemic stroke, regarding their productive age. Positive results have been therefore overt among all tested areas.

Short-term postoperative distress associated with open vs. transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in patients with T1-T2 carcinomas of the tongue base and supraglottis.

BACKGROUND: This study compared the adverse effects of open surgery (OS) including lateral pharyngotomy and supraglottic laryngectomy vs. transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in the treatment of stage T1 and T2 carcinomas of the tongue base and supraglottis. METHODS: A retrospective study involving a 49 (13 female and 36 male) patients with untreated T1 or T2 carcinomas. Twenty two were operated on using TORS and 27 underwent conventional OS. The indicators for comparison were: total blood loss during surgery, post-operative pain measured with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS); global, emotional and physical post-operational states assessed with the standardized M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and psychosocial distress (PD) questionnaire. Apart from blood loss, subjective symptoms were evaluated 1 and 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. The differences in indicators between groups were analyzed using Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% significance level. RESULTS: Mean general OS and TORS associated blood loss were 405 and 29 ml, respectively. The mean MDADI score in TORS vs. OS patients one week, six weeks and six months postoperatively was 60.01 vs. 44.93, 91.01 vs. 62.19 and 94.18 vs. 93.56. The mean VAS score in the TORS vs. OS group at the same time intervals were 5.09 vs. 5.56, 2.09 vs. 3.11 and 1.27 vs. 1.33. All differences between TORS and OS were statistically significant with the exception of 6 month values for particular scores. The mean PD score in TORS vs. OS patients in one week, six weeks and 6 months was 26.82 vs. 25.11, 39.95 vs. 29.22 and 44.73 vs. 44.52. Only the six week distinctions were significant. The both methods were comparable in terms of the risk of locoregional tumour recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed the assumption of the TORS as a minimally invasive procedure significantly reducing the intraoperative blood loss, pain, swallowing and psychosocial distress as late as 6 weeks postoperatively in patients with early staged carcinomas of the tongue base and supraglottis.

ADHD and growth: anthropometric changes in medicated and non-medicated ADHD boys.

BACKGROUND: ADHD children can show changes in growth and development. Many studies describe these changes as a side effect of stimulant medication. However, changes in somatic development can also appear in non-medicated children. This suggests that the changes could be a manifestation of the disorder itself and not just a side effect of the treatment. MATERIAL/METHODS: This study compared anthropometric characteristics in medicated and non-medicated ADHD boys (n=104, age 4-16 years) with the normal non-clinical population. In contrast to most previous studies, complex anthropometrical measurements were used. RESULTS: The results showed significant differences between children with ADHD and those without the diagnosis, the differences found to be statistically significant (p<0.01) being signs of nutrition (percentage of fat, abdominal circumference) and growth suppression (lower body height, smaller head circumference). Differences between the medicated and non-medicated groups corresponded only to a lower value of body fat in the medicated children. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that growth changes in ADHD children may be more specific to the disorder itself than to stimulant treatment.

Brain wave P300: a comparative study of various forms of criminal activity.

BACKGROUND: This comparative and comprehensive study builds on a previous study comparing the P300 wave of impulsively violent delinquents and a non-impulsive non-delinquent group. The purpose was to investigate changes in P300 cognitive evoked potentials, especially the amplitude and latency at the Pz electrode site. MATERIAL/METHODS: The P300 parameters of perpetrators of various types of criminal offences and those of a control group matched for age, gender, and educational status were compared (N=80). There were 20 subjects with impulsively aggressive delinquent behavior. The observed parameters were compared with the neuropsychophysiological correlates of a group of 20 subjects with deliberately (i.e. non-impulsive) violent behavior, a group of 20 delinquents sentenced for property crimes (theft), and 20 non-delinquent non-impulsive nonviolent persons. To differentiate these groups, Eysenck's IVE questionnaire and a structured interview according to DSM IV criteria conducted by a certified forensic psychiatrist were used. RESULTS: The results showed a significantly lower P300 wave amplitude in the impulsively aggressive individuals than in the other groups. No significant differences were found in terms of latency. The results confirm the results of previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the possibility of a neuropsychophysiological correlate of impulsively aggressive individuals behaving in a socially dangerous way. This opens a discussion on the subject of expert evaluation of criminal acts within the context of "uncontrolled affect".