ABSTRACT
A case of persistent left superior vena cava associated with rheumatic mitral stenosis in a 27 year old woman is described. Comments are made of the echocardiographic findings of a space free of echos located at a level behind the back wall of the left ventricle, at a level of the mitral valve. Echocardiographic Mode and two-dimensional technics were used in the observation of this image. Other pathologies, in which is possible to obtain similar images are also discussed, as well as the value of using echocardiographic contrast studies in the differential diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Mitral Valve Stenosis/diagnosis , Rheumatic Heart Disease/diagnosis , Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent/diagnosis , Vena Cava, Superior/abnormalities , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Female , HumansABSTRACT
There were studied 31 patients 20 of them sanes and 11 with sustained systemic arterial hypertension to whom it was administered propranolol and sotalol in different periods. By means of phonomechanocardiographic study it was observed that the contractile heart function didn't present alterations in the sane patients, with the administration of the two drugs. Sotalol produced significative changes with depression of contractility in hypertense patients, even though there were no alterations of the "pump" function. It is probably on account that hypertensive cardiopathy per se has a minor functional myocardiac reserve and the negative inotropic effect is made evident with greater clearness. The fall of the elevation velocity of radial pulse (EVRP) in the two groups, suggests the increase of vascular resistances by the peripheric beta blockade.
Subject(s)
Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Sotalol/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Adult , Female , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Propranolol/pharmacology , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Sotalol/therapeutic useABSTRACT
There were studied 14 patients with congestive myocardiopathy demonstrated by cardiac catheterism at nine, echocardiogramme at five and/or necropsy at four. There were registered mytral insufficiency blowings at thirteen and tricusp insufficiency blowings at five. Of them, there were 11 that presented pathologic noises III and IV. Right apexcardiogramme showed growth of such cavity at the twelve patients that were studied. "a" index of the same precordiogramme had qualitative correlation with systolic pulmonary pression. Apexcardiogramme showed ventricular growth at twelve from thirteen patients and "a" index was also qualitatively correlated with direct deermination of the left ventricule's telediastolic pression. Chronocardiometry was anormal at all of them. Short expulsive period, long pre-expulsive period, expulsion's fraction diminution reckoned by this method and systolic quotient, all of them diminished, translated the cardiac expense fall by "pump" fail. Elongation of pre-isosystolic phase, isosystolic phase, true isosystolic phase, and diminution of ventricular pression's elevation middle velocity and contractility index were consequences of myocardic contraction's bad quality. Decrement of ventricular pression's elevation velocity, added to the important elevation of left ventricle's final diastolic pression determined the "pseudonormality" of IIa-0 interval, and of the integrated isovolumetric pression. Shortening of fast filled's phase is explained by a minor ventricular filled in order to the volume's increase and diastolic pression's increase (Board VII). By last, shortening of Q-IIa interval, coinciding with the cardiac frecuence's increase is explained by catecolamins' increased secretion like compensating mechanism of chronic cardiac insufficiency. Phonomechanocardiogramme is useful for entity's diagnostic and it informs about ventricular disfunction which characterise the suffering.
Subject(s)
Heart Failure/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PhonocardiographyABSTRACT
There are studied several phonomechanocardiographic parameters of ventricular function and the obtained values in a normal patients' lot. It is analyzed the semiology of those data which offer information about pre-charge (apexcardiogramme's "a" index) of the myocardiac contractile state (true isosvstolic phase, ventricular pression's elevation middle velocity, integrated isovolumetric pression, and contracility index) and of its "pump" function (expulsion fraction); in the same way it is discussed the measurement's potential utility of diastolic intervals. It is emphasized the value that these parameters' measurement can have to know cardiac capacity and the affectation this can have by pharmacologic influence or by the ilnes.
Subject(s)
Ventricular Function , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Electrocardiography , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Kinetocardiography , Middle Aged , PhonocardiographyABSTRACT
There were studied 19 constrictive pericarditis cases demonstrated by anatomist study. It was evident, at all of them, systemic veiny hypertension's syndrome. "Extinguished" cardiac noises and "quiet" heart only appeared at the 42% of the cases. 73% of patients were found with important incapacity. Lyan's pericardic protodiastolic crack was registered at the 75% of the cases and only at 2 cases (10.9%) it was found reinforcement of pulmonary noise II. It is agree with the haemodynamic discovery of pulmonary pression's light elevation. Characteristically, precordiogrammes showed great "A" wave, and it was agree with telediastolic pression's elevation of the two ventricles obtained by catheterism. Phlebogramme was characteristic of systemic veiny hypertension by impediment of ventricular filled at all the studied cases. Measurement of cardiac cycle's phases showed diminution at PE, Blumberger's intrasystolic quotient, left expulsion fraction (Carrard's method) and ventricular pression's elevation middle velocity (VPEMV). By the contrary Weissler's index was found elevated. Eventhough found ciphers could be considered like bordering normal values, there is a difference statistically significance in relation with the values that were found in sane subjects. These discoveries were interpreted in the base that the patient's heart with constrictive pericarditis acts at the curve's ascendent part of the ventricular function because it has incapacity to utilize Starling's mechanism. Process' chronicity produces myocardic atrophy by "discuss" and, by this, ventricular function's improvement can be no immediate to pericardiectomy. Apexcardiogramme shows the impedement to ventricular filled with its diastolic morphology which is very similar to intracavitary pression's curve ("square root's image"). It is postuled the hypothesis that these sicks do not develop important pulmonary hypertension, because right ventricle's poor diastolic distension impides generation of major expense and systolic pression and, by other side, the impedement to ventricular filled has repercussion over right auricle and systemic veiny territory much more distensible, with the known clinical consequences.
Subject(s)
Pericarditis, Constrictive/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Electrocardiography , Hemodynamics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pericarditis, Constrictive/diagnosis , PhonocardiographyABSTRACT
A case with congestive cardiomiopathy and early diastolic closure of the tricuspid valve is presented. This abnormal echocardiographic finding was probably the result of severe tricuspid regurgitation occurring in a restricted right ventricle. The absence of paradoxical septum was determinedly the left ventricular pathology. In this case, echocardiography was more sensitive for the detection of the left sided abnormalities, than the heart cath data.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Cardiac Catheterization , Echocardiography , Female , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Hemodynamics , Humans , Middle Aged , Myocardial Contraction , Tricuspid Valve/physiopathologyABSTRACT
When studying 141 normal persons of both sexes we checked acoustic phenomena and measured the sistolic intervals. We discuss here the presence of blowing anorganic phenomena and sounds III and IV among the general public. We develop equations of regression to correct the electromechanic sistole (QIIA) and the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) the registered values being different from those published by other researchers. Last of all we analyse semiology and the interpretation of the sistolic phases of the cardiac cycle using them in a routinary way and stressing its value and limitations, specially when used to get a better knowledge of the state of the myocardial functions.
Subject(s)
Heart Diseases/diagnosis , Phonocardiography , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
We studied eight cases of mitral "mute" stenosis we had discovered through echocardiogram, and analysed its clinical behaviour, the various findings in exploration, and electrocardiographic, radiologic, phonomecanocardiographic and echocardiographic changes. We mention the most notable signs for the suspected diagnosis of this kind of stenosis and the importance they have in the alleviation of this illness--frequently a very severe one, through surgical treatment. When mitral stenosis is not recognized in time through a precise diagnosis, turns to be a potentially lethal illness a short time after being diagnosed as a pulmonary arterial hypertension. We highly recommend the use of echocardiography for the diagnosis of mitral "mute" stenosis, because it has proved to be a inocuous, easy to obtain and very sensible way of diagnosing.
Subject(s)
Mitral Valve Stenosis/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , RadiographyABSTRACT
The precordial K1 to K6 cinetocardiograms in 40 patients with Myocardial Infarction (10 recent and 30 old) were studied. These were compared with the findings of the precordial palpetion, electrocardiograms, and the radiologic studies. In the recent infarcts, all the patients presented abnormal systolic "annoyances", 50% of which were palpable. In the old infarcts, 90% had abnormal cinetocardiograms and 63% had pathological precordial beats. The anterior infarcts tend to present "sounds" more to the right of the precordium than the posterior-inferiors. The diffuse cardiac hypokinesia may give normal cinetocardiograms. The severity of the myocardial disturbance is directly related to the precordial extension occupied by the abnormal systolic "annoyances". An aneurismectomy may cause the disappearance of the pathogenesis of these phenomena.
Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Kinetocardiography , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , SystoleSubject(s)
Tricuspid Valve Stenosis/history , Adult , History, 19th Century , Humans , Male , Mexico , Tricuspid Valve Stenosis/diagnosisSubject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnosis , Aortic Valve Stenosis/congenital , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phonocardiography , PulseABSTRACT
The values of the PLE and the Q-PV in the diagnosis of atrioventricular discordances are studied. In 9 patients precordiograms were registered in both ventricles and in 5 the intraventricular pressure curve was obtained by right or atrial retrograde catheterization. Statistical calculations were made in order to learn the similarities and limitations between the two different methods. In all of the cases the PLE of the anatomic left ventricle was less than in the right ventricle. The same was observed in the Q-PV intervals of both ventricles. The values of the p and r showed significantly high results.
