ABSTRACT
Chloroplasts were isolated from Arabidopsis plants grown under different conditions, and using different protocols, to determine a method that would yield chloroplasts capable of binding and importing precursor proteins. Chloroplasts isolated from protoplasts and purified on a Percoll gradient were highly import-competent, with little non-specific binding of the precursor, and a high yield of intact chloroplasts (0.1 mg chlorophyll/g FW). Chloroplasts from plants grown on agar plates had a much higher rate of import than those from plants grown on soil. Protein import remained high at all of the ages tested for chloroplasts from plate-grown plants, whereas it declined during the development of soil-grown plants. Arabidopsis chloroplasts imported a range of precursor proteins and had nucleotide requirements for binding and import similar to those reported for pea chloroplasts.
Subject(s)
Arabidopsis/ultrastructure , Chloroplasts/physiology , Protein Transport/physiology , Arabidopsis/growth & development , Arabidopsis/metabolism , Chloroplasts/metabolism , Endopeptidases/pharmacology , Nucleotides/metabolismABSTRACT
Experience and comfort with central venous access devices (CVADs) has increased dramatically during the past 2 decades. However, coordination of care remains a challenge as patients with long-term catheters move between levels of care with multiple healthcare providers. Standardizing CVAD maintenance and the teaching of patients and caregivers across the care continuum can be beneficial for patients and professionals. Effective communication among all care providers enhances teamwork and improves efficiency. The consistent collection and evaluation of data regarding CVAD complications and outcomes is important for assessing quality and determining best practices.
