[State of emergency plans for massive influx of injured (PEMAF) in Italian hospitals. Pilot study]. / Stato dell'arte dei Piani di Emergenza per il Massiccio Afflusso di Feriti (PEMAF) negli ospedali italiani. Studio pilota.

Aim of this study is to assess the level of implementation of plans for the massive influx of injured (PEMAF) in Italian hospitals. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to a sample of 100 hospitals selected through the network of the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine (SIMEU). Each answer of the questionnaire was assigned a score, then reported on a scale of compliance (maximum 65 points, threshold 35 points). The average scores were analyzed by hospital's venue, level of activity and previous experience of managing a real emergency. Student's t-test was used to compare means. Thirty-two hospitals sent the questionnaire, representing 33% of those selected. Five were excluded for incomplete data. The data analyzed refers to 27 hospitals of various levels of complexity, from all around the country: 55.6% from the Northern Section, 22.2% from the Centre and 22.2% from the Southern section and the Islands; and only 55.6% are above the minimum threshold of compliance. The weakest PEMAF's area is the one related to the specific training of health workers, therefore the percentage of hospitals complying the requirements in this field is down to 37%. Ten hospitals (37%) had managed a real maxi-emergence in the past: belonging to such group of hospitals is associated with an average level of compliance significantly higher than the others (p < 0.005). Due to a limited percentage of responders, the study involved so far a too small amount of hospitals; happily, they were evenly distributed in the different sections of the Country; therefore it will be appropriate to obtain a larger compliance before reaching clear-cut conclusions, but it already appears that the most critical point is the lack of specific education to maxi-emergencies in the hospital personnel.

LC determination of indinavir in biological matrices with electrochemical detection.

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with electrochemical detection for the quantification of Indinavir in cell culture is described. The sample pre-treatment involved a protein precipitation procedure using acetonitrile. Chromatography was carried out on a base-deactivated reversed-phase column with an isocratic mobile phase. The method was validated with regard to specificity, linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, precision and accuracy, recovery and ruggedness. The proposed HPLC assay was utilised to directly evaluate the capability of P-glycoprotein expressing multidrug resistant cells in mediating the transport and efflux of protease inhibitor (PI) Indinavir, a basic compound in AIDS care.