The impact of technological endodontic resources on the training of the general dentist.

INTRODUCTION: Technological resources are considered important for the practice and training in endodontics. It is not yet clear the extent of the insertion of these resources in predoctoral dental programmes and the effect of such resources to the general dentist training. AIM: To evaluate the faculty perception regarding the insertion of technological resources, particularly rotary instruments, and the impact of such resources to the student's learning process graded at the end of predoctoral dental programmes in Brazil by the National Students Performance Exam (ENADE). METHODS: The endodontic department faculties in all 205 programmes that participated in the 2016 ENADE received a questionnaire by email. The institution, faculty credentials, and insertion of technologies in each programme were described, and an association between these data and the ENADE score was tested. RESULTS: 149 educators (72.7%) answered the form. From this total, 73.2% of them were from private institutions and 26.8% from public ones. Educators mix manual and rotary instrumentation to treat selected patients in 47.7% of the programmes. Most educators (89.9%) consider the utilisation of technology in endodontics as positive. Whilst there was not a significant association between the use of rotary instrumentation and better performance in ENADE, there was a significant association between the performance and the supply of special instruments by the institutions. CONCLUSION: These results show that even though most faculties consider the insertion of technologies as positive, the factor that caused a significant impact to the training of the general dentist is the general infrastructure of the institutions.

Children's Menu Diversity: Influence on Fluoride Absorption and Excretion.

AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the influence of children's menu diversity on the absorption and excretion of fluoride. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental, longitudinal, quantitative study was carried out in a city without fluoridation in water supply. A total of 16 adult volunteers (>63.9 kg) participated in the study who, after a 12-hour fast, ingested two types of children's meals, whose quantity and diversity were determined after weighing the meals best consumed by children at a kindergarten in Campinas, Sao Paulo: Simple child meal (SCM; n = 8) and hearty child meal (HCM; n = 8). The fluoride gel residual after professional application (12,300 ppm, 30.75 mg F, pH = 4.65) was simulated 15 minutes after feeding. Saliva samples (in time intervals of 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 hours after ingestion of the fluorine solution) and urine of the volunteers were analyzed at 24 hours. Fluoride concentrations were determined using a selective ion electrode. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance for repeated measurements (PROC MIXED)/Tukey-Kramer. RESULTS: The concentrations of fluoride in saliva at 0 and 15 minutes and after 6 hours were the same between groups (p > 0.05). From 30 minutes to 4 hours after ingestion, the SCM group showed a higher concentration of fluoride in the saliva, which has a higher absorption (p < 0.05). The fluoride concentration in the urine did not differ between groups at both collection times (p > 0.05), and for both, the fluoride concentration in the urine increased in the final measurement (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The children's menu diversity influenced the absorption of fluoride so that the topical application of fluoride should be performed in infants fed preferably after the fuller diet and following the established guidelines to ensure the safety of the procedure. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Knowledge of the influence of the children's menu diversity on fluoride metabolism after professional application is important so that the actions of fluoride therapy may be planned in a safer manner and be based on the reality of the universe of children.

Assessment of the Influence of Meal Type on Fluoride Absorption due to Ingestion of professionally Applied Gels.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess the influence of eating, prior to application of professionally used gels, on the rate of fluoride absorption due to the ingestion of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After fasting for 12 hours, 16 adult volunteers (> 65 kg) ingested two types of meal: Breakfast (n = 8) and Lunch (n = 8). Accidental ingestion of fluoride gel used in molding trays was simulated (12,300 ppm; 61.5 mg F; pH = 4.65) 15 minutes after eating. After ingestion of the fluoride solution, 3 mL of venous blood were collected at the following times: Zero (before ingestion) and 15, 30, 45 minutes, 1, 2, and 3 hours. Fluoride concentrations in blood plasma were determined using an ion selective electrode. RESULTS: With the exception of time 0 (p > 0.05), the average blood plasma concentration of the breakfast group (BG) (0.34 ± 0.04 mg/L) was higher than that of the lunch group (LG) (0.24 ± 0.03 mg/L), with the moment of peak concentration being 2 hours after ingestion for both groups (BG = 0.4 mg/L; LG = 0.28 mg/L). CONCLUSION: Results reinforce the idea that eating before undergoing professional application of fluoride is a factor of extreme importance regarding its safety, and that the time following a patient's heaviest meal should be the time of choice for planning clinical care. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results should be considered when planning collective action that involves the application of the gel on children in a school environment, thus ensuring the procedure's safety.

Infection prevention and control in dental surgeries in the Pará state prison system in Brazil.

Prison populations have higher levels of bloodborne viruses with consequently higher risks of cross-infection. This study assessed infection prevention and occupational hazards in prison dental surgeries in the Brazilian state of Pará. Investigations were undertaken by a single examiner in 11 prison clinics. Manual washing of instruments with no detergents and dry heat sterilization were the main instrument decontamination methods used. Most surgeries had insufficient instruments for daily clinical work requirements. Half of dentists interviewed worked single-handed with no documented policies or health and safety procedures.

Impact of the severity of chronic periodontal disease on quality of life.

We examined the impact of the severity of periodontal disease on quality of life in adults with chronic periodontitis. One hundred patients (age, 30-58 years) who were assisted at the Basic Health Care Unit in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil underwent clinical examination of all standing teeth, including gingival bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level, and were divided into those with mild/moderate (n = 49; group G1) and severe (n = 51; group G2) chronic periodontitis. The participants were then interviewed, using a structured questionnaire. The Brazilian Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14Br) questionnaire was used to assess oral health-related quality of life. Associations were investigated, and those with a P value of less than 0.2 were tested using multiple logistic regression models. Those with a P value of 0.05 or less were considered significant. There was a significant association between G2 and education level (P = 0.00051). OHIP-14Br score was higher for G2 (24.1) than for G1 (18.2) (P = 0.0455). Severe chronic periodontitis was associated with low education level (≤8 years) (odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-7.3) and pronunciation difficulties (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.0-9.3). In conclusion, periodontal disease severity was inversely associated with quality of life among Brazilian adults.

Evaluation of bond strength between leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based ceramics to dentin after cementation with conventional and self-adhesive resin agents.

The aim of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strength of two heat-pressed ceramics (leucite-based--IPS Empress Esthetic/Ivoclar Vivadent, and lithium disilicate-based --IPS e.max Press/Ivoclar Vivadent) to dentin with the use of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements. The occlusal surface of 60 intact human molars was removed and the dentin was exposed. Ceramic blocks were cemented randomly with regard to the cementation systems (n = 10): conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II/Ivoclar Vivadent), conventional self-polymerizing resin cement (Multilink/Ivoclar Vivadent), and dual self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100/3M ESPE). The dual cementation systems were photoactivated with a LED light device (Radii Cal, SDI) for 40 seconds. The specimens were sectioned to obtain sticks of approximately 1 mm2 for microtensile tests on a universal testing machine (EMIC). The type of fracture was analyzed under a scanning electron microscope. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (alpha = 0.05) showed that there was no difference between types of ceramic. Average microtensile bond strength was higher for the conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II) and the self-adhesive dual resin cement (RelyX U100), despite greater prevalence of premature loss of the sticks with the latter. Average bond strength was lower when the conventional self-polymerizing resin cement (Multilink) was used. Leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based cements present similar bond strength to the dentin with conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II) and a dual self-adhesive cement (RelyX U100).

Evaluation of bond strenght between leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based ceramics to dentin after cementation with conventional and self-adhesive resin agents

The aim of this study was to compare the microtensile bondstrength of two heat-pressed ceramics (leucite-based - IPSEmpress Esthetic/ Ivoclar Vivadent, and lithium disilicate-based- IPS e.max Press/ Ivoclar Vivadent) to dentin with the use ofconventional and self-adhesive resin cements. The occlusal surfaceof 60 intact human molars was removed and the dentin wasexposed. Ceramic blocks were cemented randomly with regardto the cementation systems (n=10): conventional dual resincement (Variolink II/ Ivoclar Vivadent), conventional self-polymerizingresin cement (Multilink/ Ivoclar Vivadent), and dualself-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100/ 3M ESPE). The dualcementation systems were photoactivated with a LED lightdevice (Radii Cal, SDI) for 40 seconds. The specimens were sectionedto obtain sticks of approximately 1 mm2 for microtensiletests on a universal testing machine (EMIC). The type of fracturewas analyzed under a scanning electron microscope. TheAnalysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (α=0.05)showed that there was no difference between types of ceramic.Average microtensile bond strength was higher for the conventionaldual resin cement (Variolink II) and the self-adhesive dualresin cement (RelyX U100), despite greater prevalence of prematureloss of the sticks with the latter. Average bond strengthwas lower when the conventional self-polymerizing resin cement(Multilink) was used. Leucite-based and lithium disilicate-basedcements present similar bond strength to the dentin withconventional dual resin cement (Variolink II) and a dual selfadhesivecement (RelyX U100)...

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união pormicrotração à dentina humana entre cerâmicas prensadas (abase de leucita - IPS Empress Esthetic/ Ivoclar Vivadent, e abase de dissilicato de lítio - IPS e.max Press/ Ivoclar Vivadent)após cimentação com agentes resinosos e convencionais eautoadesivos. As superfícies oclusais de 60 molares humanoshígidos foram removidas e a dentina foi exposta. A cimentaçãodos blocos cerâmicos foi realizada de forma aleatória de acordocom os sistemas de cimentação (n=10): cimento resinosodual convencional (Variolink II/ Ivoclar Vivadent), cimentoresinoso autopolimerizável convencional (Multilink/ IvoclarVivadent) e cimento resinoso dual autoadesivo (RelyX U100/3M ESPE). Os sistemas de cimentação duais foram fotoativadoscom aparelho de luz LED (Radii Cal, SDI) por 40segundos. Os espécimes foram seccionados para a obtençãode palitos com aproximadamente 1 mm2 para a realização doteste de microtração em máquina universal de ensaios (EMIC).O padrão de fratura foi analisado em microscópio eletrônicode varredura. A Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e o teste deTukey (α=0,05) mostraram que não houve diferenças entre ostipos de cerâmicas. Houve maiores médias de resistência deunião por microtração para o cimento resinoso dual convencional(Variolink II) e para cimento resinoso dual autoadesivo(RelyX U100), apesar de maior prevalência de perdas prematurasdos palitos com este cimento. Houve menores médias deresistência de união ao se utilizar o cimento resinoso autopolimerizávelconvencional (Multilink). As cerâmicas a base deleucita (IPS Empress Esthetic) e a base de dissilicato de lítio(IPS e.max Press) apresentaram resistência de união semelhanteà dentina ao se utilizar o cimento resinoso dualconvencional (Variolink II) e o dual autoadesivo (RelyX U100)...

Evaluation of bond strength between leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based ceramics to dentin after cementation with conventional and self-adhesive resin agents. / Evaluation of bond strength between leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based ceramics to dentin after cementation with conventional and self-adhesive resin agents.

The aim of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strength of two heat-pressed ceramics (leucite-based--IPS Empress Esthetic/Ivoclar Vivadent, and lithium disilicate-based --IPS e.max Press/Ivoclar Vivadent) to dentin with the use of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements. The occlusal surface of 60 intact human molars was removed and the dentin was exposed. Ceramic blocks were cemented randomly with regard to the cementation systems (n = 10): conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II/Ivoclar Vivadent), conventional self-polymerizing resin cement (Multilink/Ivoclar Vivadent), and dual self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100/3M ESPE). The dual cementation systems were photoactivated with a LED light device (Radii Cal, SDI) for 40 seconds. The specimens were sectioned to obtain sticks of approximately 1 mm2 for microtensile tests on a universal testing machine (EMIC). The type of fracture was analyzed under a scanning electron microscope. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (alpha = 0.05) showed that there was no difference between types of ceramic. Average microtensile bond strength was higher for the conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II) and the self-adhesive dual resin cement (RelyX U100), despite greater prevalence of premature loss of the sticks with the latter. Average bond strength was lower when the conventional self-polymerizing resin cement (Multilink) was used. Leucite-based and lithium disilicate-based cements present similar bond strength to the dentin with conventional dual resin cement (Variolink II) and a dual self-adhesive cement (RelyX U100).

Genetic diversity of competence gene loci in clinical genotypes of Streptococcus mutans.

The frequencies of 21 competence genes were analyzed in 94 genotypes of Streptococcus mutans. These include those of a main regulatory system (comCDE), structural, and other regulatory orthologues identified in the genome of strain UA159. PCR and Southern blot analysis revealed that all genes are widespread within the species.

Colagem ortodôntica e esmalte dentário: considerações sobre os materiais e técnicas utilizadas / Orthodontic attachmant and tooth enamel

O presente estudo mostra um caso clínico onde se faz o preparo do esmalte para receber os bráquetes ortodônticos e apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre o esmalte, sua composição e suas características físicas e quais materiais utilizados na colagem em ortodontia. É muito importante sabermos preparar o esmalte para receber os braquetes ortodônticos. Conclui-se que resina fotopolimerizável, ou cimentos de ionômeros de vidro com suas melhorias e adequações podem contribuir na prevenção de lesões sobre o esmalte principalmente na remoção dos braquetes, bem como os cuidados prescritos ao paciente quanto ao uso de enxaguatórios fluorados, e higienização

Impactos da saúde bucal sobre a qualidade de vida entre homens e mulheres / The impact of dental health in the life quality between men and women

Os indicadores subjetivos ou sócio dentais tem sido utilizados em diversos estudos, e um tipo deste indicador é o questionário OHIP (Oral Health Impact Profile) que mede a percepção do indivíduo das desordens bucais, associados a qualidade de vida. A versão original deste questionário apresenta 49 itens e a versão reduda 14 itens. O presente trabalho avaliou a relação entre homens e mulheres do impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida. A pesquisa teve uma amostra de 298 questionários válidos. Dois roteiros de entrevistas padronizadas, foram utilizadas permitindo a obtenção de informações sobre usuários do serviço público odontológico da Beneficência da Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte (BEPREM), no Estado de Minas Gerais: a) Roteiro de Seleção de Participantes e o Oral Health Impact Profile - short form (OHIP-14). Ao aplicar-se o teste t-Student observou-se que não existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre homens e mulheres, nas dimenções e no escore total do OHIP-14