ABSTRACT
Mohr et al. (1999) described the psychosocial effects of multiple sclerosis (MS) from the patient's perspective. Three factors emerged: demoralization, benefit-finding, and deteriorated relationships. The benefit-finding factor suggested that some patients with MS benefited from their illness. We investigated the generalizability of these results by replicating the Mohr et al. study using patients with two diseases, cancer (N = 56) and lupus (N = 31). All participants completed the questionnaire developed by Mohr et al. along with the Profile of Mood States. When the data were analyzed, results showed a three-factor solution very similar to the one reported by Mohr et al. Scores on the demoralization factor were positively related to total mood disturbance and average pain ratings and inversely related to benefit-finding. Conversely, patients who perceived more benefits from their illness suffered less. We conclude that benefit-finding is not unique to patients with MS but occurs in patients with other chronic diseases.
Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/psychology , Neoplasms/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Chronic Disease , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Middle Aged , Sampling Studies , Social Adjustment , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
In an effort to specify the factors relevant to the etiology and prevention of alcoholism, theories have been proposed to account for the low rate of alcoholism among Jews. This paper includes a summary of two major theories that have been developed to explain the drinking patterns among Jews and a review of the data that purportedly support these theories. A critical examination of these studies reveals substantial methodological and interpretive problems that challenge the conclusions that have been generally accepted. Directions for future research are suggested.
