Erratum: Flores, J., et al. Effective Parameters for 1D Photonic Crystals with Isotropic and Anisotropic Magnetic Inclusions: Coherent Wave Homogenization Theory. Materials 2020, 13, 1475.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1]: replace: (37) 1 ε z = f ε m = 1 - f ε d and (39) 1 µ z = f µ m = 1 - f µ d with the correct expressions: (37) 1 ε z = f ε m + 1 - f ε d and (39) 1 µ z = f µ m + 1 - f µ d [...].

Valoración de la grasa hepática y pancreática como biomarcadores de imagen en el síndrome metabólico / Hepatic and pancreatic fat as imaging biomarkers of metabolic syndrome

OBJETIVO: Valorar objetivamente la afectación hepática y pancreática en el síndrome metabólico mediante biomarcadores de resonancia magnética (RM). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Serie retrospectiva inicial de 407 pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome metabólico, estudiados con RM en un único centro durante 2 años. Se excluyeron 154 pacientes por falta de datos clínico-analíticos, alteraciones pancreáticas o inadecuada calidad de la RM. Para la medición de la grasa hepática y pancreática se utilizaron las imágenes con desplazamiento químico (en fase y fase opuesta), con medidas por regiones de interés de la fracción grasa (%) en el páncreas (FGP) e hígado (FGH). La asociación entre las variables clínico-analíticas seleccionadas y la fracción grasa se evaluó mediante modelos de regresión beta. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron finalmente 253 pacientes. La FGH fue del 4,9% y la FGP del 7,9%. La FGH no presentó ninguna asociación estadística con las variables clínico-analíticas. Sin embargo, la FGP se asoció positivamente con la edad (odds ratio [OR]=1,025, p <0,001) y la glucosa basal (OR=1,005, p <0,001). Se observó que los pacientes con diabetes presentaban valores más altos de FGP (OR=2,64, p = 0,038). La FGP y la FGH estaban relacionadas de manera estadísticamente positiva (OR=69,44, p <0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La esteatosis pancreática puede considerarse un marcador del síndrome metabólico y la diabetes. La RM cuantitativa permite el diagnóstico y la gradación de pacientes con páncreas graso mediante técnicas sencillas de desplazamiento químico

OBJECTIVE: To objectively evaluate hepatic and pancreatic involvement in metabolic syndrome through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From an initial retrospective sample of 407 patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome studied by MRI in a single center during a 2-year period, 154 were excluded because of a lack of clinical and/or laboratory data, pancreatic abnormalities, or inadequate quality of MRI studies. To measure hepatic and pancreatic fat, we used chemical shift imaging (in-phase and out-of-phase), measuring the fat fraction (%) in regions of interest in the pancreas and liver. Associations between the fat fraction and selected clinical and laboratory variables were assessed with beta regression models. RESULTS: In the end, 253 patients were included. The hepatic fat fraction was 4.9% and the pancreatic fat fraction was 7.9%. We found no significant associations between the hepatic fat fraction and any of the clinical or laboratory variables. However, the pancreatic fat fraction was positively associated with age (OR=1.025, p < 0.001) and baseline glucose (OR=1.005, p < 0.001). Patients with diabetes had higher values of pancreatic fat fraction (OR=2.64, p = 0.038). Pancreatic fat fraction and hepatic fat fraction were positively associated (OR=69.44, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic steatosis can be considered a marker of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Quantitative MRI enables the diagnosis and grading of fatty pancreas through simple chemical shift techniques

Hepatic and pancreatic fat as imaging biomarkers of metabolic syndrome. / Valoración de la grasa hepática y pancreática como biomarcadores de imagen en el síndrome metabólico.

OBJECTIVE: To objectively evaluate hepatic and pancreatic involvement in metabolic syndrome through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From an initial retrospective sample of 407 patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome studied by MRI in a single center during a 2-year period, 154 were excluded because of a lack of clinical and/or laboratory data, pancreatic abnormalities, or inadequate quality of MRI studies. To measure hepatic and pancreatic fat, we used chemical shift imaging (in-phase and out-of-phase), measuring the fat fraction (%) in regions of interest in the pancreas and liver. Associations between the fat fraction and selected clinical and laboratory variables were assessed with beta regression models. RESULTS: In the end, 253 patients were included. The hepatic fat fraction was 4.9% and the pancreatic fat fraction was 7.9%. We found no significant associations between the hepatic fat fraction and any of the clinical or laboratory variables. However, the pancreatic fat fraction was positively associated with age (OR=1.025, p<0.001) and baseline glucose (OR=1.005, p<0.001). Patients with diabetes had higher values of pancreatic fat fraction (OR=2.64, p=0.038). Pancreatic fat fraction and hepatic fat fraction were positively associated (OR=69.44, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic steatosis can be considered a marker of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Quantitative MRI enables the diagnosis and grading of fatty pancreas through simple chemical shift techniques.

Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la valoración postquirúrgica de pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene / Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the postsurgical assessment of patients with inflatable penile prostheses

Objetivo. Describir los tipos de prótesis de pene y sus componentes, revisar el protocolo de adquisición adecuado en resonancia magnética (RM), describir los hallazgos de imagen normales y las posibles complicaciones en pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene. Conclusión. Las prótesis hidráulicas tricompartimentales de pene son el último eslabón en la cadena terapéutica de la disfunción eréctil. Pueden presentar complicaciones, que se clasifican en no infecciosas vinculadas a la técnica quirúrgica, infecciosas y por fallo mecánico del dispositivo. La RM es la técnica de imagen más adecuada en la evaluación postquirúrgica de las prótesis de pene. Se realiza con secuencias de alta resolución espacial con la prótesis en reposo y en los tres planos del espacio, y se repite la adquisición triplanar con la prótesis activada (AU)

Objective. To describe the types of penile prostheses and their components, to review the appropriate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition protocol, and to describe the normal imaging findings and possible complications in patients with inflatable penile implants. Conclusion. Three-piece inflatable penile prostheses are the last link in the treatment chain for erectile dysfunction. They can develop complications, which are classified as non-infectious related to the surgical technique, infectious, or due to mechanical failure of the device. MRI is the most appropriate imaging technique for the postsurgical evaluation of penile prostheses. Images are acquired in three planes using sequences with high spatial resolution, first with the prosthesis at rest and then with the prosthesis activated (AU)

Adsorption of CO and NO molecules onto pentagonal clusters of aluminum: a DFT study.

DFT calculations were carried out in order to determine the electronic and structural properties of pentagonal Al n (I h and D 5d symmetries), Al n -CO, and Al n -NO clusters, where n = 7, 13, 19, 43, or 55 atoms. As n was increased, the bare clusters were found to exhibit a transition in electronic behavior (from semiconductor to conductor) at n = 43 atoms. Clusters with a bound CO or NO molecule also showed this behavior, although their HOMO-LUMO energy gaps were smaller than those for the corresponding bare clusters. As the size of the Al n -CO or Al n -NO cluster increased, the presence of extra p electrons improved the capacity of the cluster to adsorb a CO or NO molecule and resulted in an increase in the electronic charge directed from the aluminum atom at the adsorption site to the adsorbed species (CO or NO), thus strengthening the Al-CO or Al-NO bond. Furthermore, the Al n CO and Al n NO clusters with n = 43 and 55 exhibited chemisorption, as did the Al13-NO cluster; the other clusters presented physisorption, based on their adsorption energies. The tendency to adsorb either CO or NO increased with the size of the aluminum cluster. Graphical Abstract Adsorption of CO and NO molecules onto pentagonal clusters of aluminum: a DFT study.

Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the postsurgical assessment of patients with inflatable penile prostheses. / Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la valoración postquirúrgica de pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the types of penile prostheses and their components, to review the appropriate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition protocol, and to describe the normal imaging findings and possible complications in patients with inflatable penile implants. CONCLUSION: Three-piece inflatable penile prostheses are the last link in the treatment chain for erectile dysfunction. They can develop complications, which are classified as non-infectious related to the surgical technique, infectious, or due to mechanical failure of the device. MRI is the most appropriate imaging technique for the postsurgical evaluation of penile prostheses. Images are acquired in three planes using sequences with high spatial resolution, first with the prosthesis at rest and then with the prosthesis activated.