ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the implications of chronic non-communicable diseases in dependent elderly people. whose objective was to investigate the implications of chronic non-communicable diseases in dependent elderly people. It treats multicenter study, with an approach in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with 59 dependent elderly people who were diagnosed with chronic diseases on the following topics: sociodemographic characteristics; family constitution; life situation; experience; functional, cognitive, mental / emotional and social dependence. It was observed that the majority were female, white, with low education and lived with their daughter. All were undergoing drug treatment and cardiocirculatory diseases were the most prevalent. Among the qualitative statements, the following stand out: use of medicines as a risk factor; the use of health services on a larger scale; the economic impact of chronic diseases for families and the state; the multiple chronic diseases presented; precarious family income; social and community support devices.
Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as implicações das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em idosos dependentes. Trata-se de um estudo multicêntrico com abordagem qualitativa em que foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 59 idosos dependentes que tinham diagnóstico de doença crônica. Para a análise das informações, utilizou-se a técnica da Análise Temática. A maioria dos idosos era do sexo feminino, da raça branca, com baixa escolaridade e vivia com a filha. Todos faziam tratamento medicamentoso e as doenças cardiocirculatórias foram as mais prevalentes. As implicações das doenças crônicas se manifestam no uso de medicamentos, que também se constituem como fator de risco; na condição da dependência e na vivência com doenças crônicas, que denotam em maior uso dos serviços de saúde; no alto impacto econômico das doenças crônicas para as famílias e para o Estado; e na precariedade da renda familiar, que condicionam os idosos a contarem com poucos dispositivos de apoio social e comunitário.
ABSTRACT
This reflective essay aims to discuss the importance of light technologies and health education in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. The text addresses the epidemiological context and methods of preventing Coronavirus, especially quarantine and social isolation. In addition, the proposal addresses a set of micropolitical strategies that contribute to tackling the pandemic, especially light technologies and health education. We defend that, in times of pandemic, the humanization of care, dialogue and relationships of trust between professionals and users become essential. The reflections raised constitute praxis transversal to the work in health. In addition, they are characterized as ethical, aesthetic and political commitments in tackling the pandemic. These are necessary for the production of meaning and awareness of the actions imposed by health authorities.
Este ensaio de cunho reflexivo tem o objetivo de discutir a importância das tecnologias leves e da educação em saúde no enfrentamento à pandemia da COVID-19. O texto aborda o contexto epidemiológico e as medidas de prevenção ao Coronavírus, especialmente a quarentena e o isolamento social. Além do mais, propõe um conjunto de estratégias micropolíticas que contribuem para o enfrentamento à pandemia, especialmente as tecnologias leves e a educação em saúde. Defendemos que, em tempos de pandemia, é fundamental a humanização do cuidado, o diálogo e as relações de confiança entre profissionais e usuários. As reflexões suscitadas constituem-se como práxis transversais ao trabalho e caracterizam-se como compromissos éticos, estéticos e políticos no enfrentamento à pandemia, necessárias para a produção de sentido e sensibilização das ações impostas por autoridades sanitárias.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La mortalidad materna es un problema de salud pública y un indicador de la desigualdad social. Se considera una injusticia social que viola los derechos de la mujer. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la mortalidad materna e indicadores socio-demográficos y el acceso a los servicios de salud en las capitales de las provincias brasileñas. Métodos: Estudio ecológico transversal cuya variable dependiente fue la razón de mortalidad materna y las variables explicativas fueron indicadores sociodemográficos y de acceso a los servicios de salud en las capitales de provincias, entre los años 2010 a 2012. La asociación entre las variables explicativas y la mortalidad materna fue evaluada mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y cuando había significación estadística en el análisis bivariado se incluyeron estas variables en el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: La mayoría de las muertes fueron de mujeres negras, solteras, con bajo nivel de educación, en el hospital, durante el puerperio y debido a la enfermedad hipertensiva. Hubo una correlación entre la mortalidad materna y el índice de Gini, proporción de negros en la población y el número de visitas prenatales (p < 0.20). En el modelo final se mantuvo la relación entre la mortalidad materna y la proporción de negros en la población (β = 0,436, p = 0,003; r2 = 0,72). Conclusión: Los resultados indican la presencia de la desigualdad en las regiones donde hay una mayor proporción de la población negra. Aunque no hubo asociación en el análisis multivariado, se cree que el acceso a servicios de salud, en especial al prenatal, contribuye a la reducción de la mortalidad materna(AU)
Objective: To analyze the relationship between maternal mortality and socio-demographic indicators and access to health services in the Brazilian state capitals. Methods: Ecological study whose dependent variable was the rate of maternal mortality and the independent variables were socio-demographic indicators and access to health services, between the years 2010 to 2012. The variables were associated through the Pearson Correlation test and those variables that showed statistical significance in the bivariate analysis were included in the Multivariate Linear Regression model. Results: Most women who died due to pregnancy or delivery was black, single and with low education. The deaths occurred in the hospital, during the postpartum period and the most frequent cause was hypertensive disease. It occurred statistical association between maternal death and the variables: Gini index, proportion of the black population and number of prenatal consultations (p < 0.20). Relationship between maternal mortality and the black population remained in the final model (β=0.436, p = 0.003; r² = 0.72). Conclusion: The findings indicate the presence of gender inequality in the regions where there is a greater proportion of black population(AU)
