ABSTRACT
The monotypic genus Dinahia Bechyn, 1946, endemic to the Atlantic Forest (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and So Paulo), is reviewed. Dinahia privigna Bechyn, 1946 is redescribed, and, for the first time, the aedeagus and spermatheca of this species are described and illustrated herein. Additionally, a diagnosis for the genus, a nomenclatural history, photographs of both nontype specimens and the syntype, a geographic distribution map, and a discussion of Dinahia and similar genera according to the bibliography (Calligrapha Chevrolat, 1836; Cosmogramma Erichson, 1847; Desmogramma Erichson, 1847; Grammomades Achard, 1923; and Zygogramma Chevrolat, 1836) are provided. This discussion incorporates a comparative table encompassing characters extracted from the antennae, maxillary palps, prosternal, mesoventral, and metaventral processes, V tarsomeres, and claws. Additionally, it includes an illustrated replacement couplet for step 22 in Sampaio & Fonseca's (2023) identification key, both to elucidate Dinahia's differentiations and similarities from these five genera.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Animals , ForestsABSTRACT
This paper presents a species catalog of leaf beetles of the subfamily Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) deposited in two important Brazilian institutions in the state of Amazonas (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia and Universidade Federal do Amazonas), providing their respective type localities, geographic distributions, as well as illustrations for all listed species (including pictures of the types of Platyphora imperialis (Stl, 1858), Platyphora excellens (Stl, 1859), Platyphora sanguinipennis (Jacoby, 1895), and Platyphora olivenca (Bechyn, 1954)), and new locality records, predators, parasites, parasitoids, and host plant for some species. In addition, we provide the first illustrated key for the genera occurring in Brazil (except Aeneolucentia, Jermaniella, and Pandona).
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Animals , Brazil , PlantsABSTRACT
Most firefly genera have poorly defined taxonomic boundaries, especially in the Neotropics, where they are more diverse and more difficult to identify. Recent advances that shed light on the diversity of fireflies in South America have focused mainly on Atlantic Rainforest taxa, whereas lampyrids in other biomes remained largely unstudied. We found three new firefly species endemic to the Amazon basin that share unique traits of the male abdomen where sternum VIII and the pygidium are modified and likely work as a copulation clamp. Here we test and confirm the hypothesis that these three species form a monophyletic lineage and propose Haplocauda gen. nov. to accommodate the three new species. Both maximum parsimony and probabilistic (Bayesian and maximum likelihood) phylogenetic analyses confirmed Haplocauda gen. nov. monophyly, and consistently recovered it as the sister group to Scissicauda, fireflies endemic to the Atlantic Rainforest that also feature a copulation clamp on abdominal segment VIII, although with a different configuration. We provide illustrations, diagnostic descriptions, and keys to species based on males and females. The three new species were sampled from different regions, and are likely allopatric, a common pattern among Amazonian taxa.
ABSTRACT
Some beetles can attack the wood immediately after the tree is felled, but there are those that start their attack at different stages of wood degradation. Beetles of the family Passalidae belong to this latest category. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of beetles of this family in wood samples taken from trunks of Scleronema micranthum, a forest species from Central Amazon. The samples were exposed to biodegradation for 24 months on the forest ground of the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture of the National Institute for Amazonian Research, in Manaus, Amazon State, Brazil. During that period, 15 samples were removed from the experiment, every two months, for insect collection and evaluation of infestation. The presence of six species was recorded, all of them of the Passalini tribe: Passalus (Pertinax) latifrons, P. (Passalus) variiphyllus, P. (Pertinax) convexus, P. (Passalus) interstitialis, P. (Passalus) lanei, and Paxillus leachi. Among these species, P. (Passalus) interstitialis was the most abundant, with 18 individuals. This species was the first one to infest the samples and was found between the eighth and twentieth month of the experiment. The infestation occurred predominantly in the bark and sapwood.
Alguns besouros atacam a madeira imediatamente após o abate da árvore, enquanto outros preferem a madeira em diferentes estágios de degradação. Nesta categoria estão inseridos os besouros da família Passalidae. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de besouros dessa família em amostras provenientes de troncos de Scleronema micranthum, espécie florestal da Amazônia Central. As amostras ficaram expostas à biodegradação durante 24 meses no solo da floresta da Estação Experimental de Silvicultura Tropical do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. Durante esse período, a cada dois meses, 15 amostras foram removidas da floresta para a coleta desses insetos e avaliação da infestação. Foi registrada a presença de seis espécies, todas da tribo Passalini: Passalus (Pertinax) latifrons, P. (Passalus) variiphyllus, P. (Pertinax) convexus, P. (Passalus) interstitialis, P. (Passalus) lanei e Paxillus leachi. Dentre as espécies, P. (Passalus) interstitialis foi a mais abundante, com 18 indivíduos; foi a primeira a infestar as amostras e foi registrada entre o oitavo e o vigésimo mês do experimento. A infestação ocorreu predominantemente na casca e alburno da madeira.
Subject(s)
Animals , Coleoptera , Wood , Malvaceae , ForestsABSTRACT
In Brazilian Amazonia, Cholini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae) is represented by 53 species distributed in seven genera: Ameris Dejean, 1821; Cholus Germar, 1824; Homalinotus Sahlberg, 1823; Lobaspis Chevrolat, 1881; Odontoderes Sahlberg, 1823; Ozopherus Pascoe, 1872 and Rhinastus Schoenherr, 1825. This work documents the species of Cholini housed in the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil and gives the geographical and biological data associated with them. A total of 186 Cholini specimens were identified as belonging to 14 species (13 from Brazilian Amazonia) and five genera (Cholus, Homalinotus, Odontoderes, Ozopherus and Rhinastus). Only 24 percent of the Cholini species reported from Brazilian Amazonia are actually represented in the INPA collection, underscoring the need for a more systematical collecting based on available biological information. The known geographical distribution was expanded for the following species: Cholus granifer (Chevrolat, 1881) for Brazil; C. pantherinus (Olivier, 1790) for Manaus (Amazonas); Cholus parallelogrammus (Germar, 1824) for Piraquara (Paraná); Homalinotus depressus (Linnaeus, 1758) for lago Janauacá (Amazonas) and rio Tocantins (Pará); H. humeralis (Gyllenhal, 1836) for Novo Airão, Coari (Amazonas) and Porto Velho (Rondônia); H. nodipennis (Chevrolat, 1878) for Carauari, Lábrea (Amazonas) and Ariquemes (Rondônia); H. validus (Olivier, 1790) for rio Araguaia (Brasil), Manaus (Amazonas), rio Tocantins (Pará), Porto Velho and BR 364, Km 130 (Rondônia); Odontoderes carinatus (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) for Manaus (Amazonas); O. spinicollis (Boheman, 1836) for rio Uraricoera (Roraima); and Ozopherus muricatus Pascoe, 1872 for lago Janauacá (Amazonas). Homalinotus humeralis is reported for the first time from "urucuri" palm, Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng.
Na Amazônia brasileira, Cholini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae) é representada por 53 espécies, distribuídas em sete gêneros: Ameris Dejean, 1821; Cholus Germar, 1824; Homalinotus Sahlberg, 1823; Lobaspis Chevrolat, 1881; Odontoderes Sahlberg, 1823; Ozopherus Pascoe, 1872 e Rhinastus Schoenherr, 1825. Este trabalho documenta as espécies de Cholini depositadas na Coleção de Invertebrados do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brasil, além de apresentar a distribuição geográfica e informações sobre a biologia dessas espécies. Foram identificados 186 espécimes de Cholini, pertencentes a 14 espécies (13 da Amazônia brasileira) e cinco gêneros (Cholus, Homalinotus, Odontoderes, Ozopherus e Rhinastus). Somente 24 por cento das espécies de Cholini registradas para a Amazônia brasileira estão representadas na coleção do INPA, ressaltando a necessidade de um esforço de coleta sistemático baseado na informação biológica disponível. Foi ampliada a distribuição geográfica conhecida das seguintes espécies: Cholus granifer (Chevrolat, 1881) para Brasil; C. pantherinus (Olivier, 1790) para Manaus (Amazonas); Cholus parallelogrammus (Germar, 1824) para Piraquara (Paraná); Homalinotus depressus (Linnaeus, 1758) para lago Janauacá (Amazonas) e rio Tocantins (Pará); H. humeralis (Gyllenhal, 1836) para Novo Airão, Coari (Amazonas) e Porto Velho (Rondônia); H. nodipennis (Chevrolat, 1878) para Carauari, Lábrea (Amazonas) e Ariquemes (Rondônia); H. validus (Olivier, 1790) para rio Araguaia (Brasil), Manaus (Amazonas), rio Tocantins (Pará), Porto Velho e BR 364, Km 130 (Rondônia); Odontoderes carinatus (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) para Manaus (Amazonas); O. spinicollis (Boheman, 1836) para rio Uraricoera (Roraima) e Ozopherus muricatus Pascoe, 1872 para lago Janauacá (Amazonas). Homalinotus humeralis é associado pela primeira vez com a palmeira urucuri Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng.
Subject(s)
Animals , Biology , Geographical Features , Amazonian Ecosystem , Collection , BiodiversityABSTRACT
Paxillus is a neotropical genus belonging to the subfamily Passalinae widespread from Mexico to Argentina. Brazil is known to harbor five species belonging to this genus with most of them presenting at head a flattened central tubercle lacking a free apex. However, one of these species, Paxillus macrocerus Reyes-Castillo & Fonseca, differs from that pattern by having a long central tubercle with a completely free apex. The present study describes and illustrates another new species, which has been found in the Brazilian Amazon, showing this same characteristic.
Paxillus é um gênero neotropical pertencente à subfamília Passalinae, distribuído do México até a Argentina. No Brasil são conhecidas cinco espécies desse gênero, a maioria delas apresentando um tubérculo central achatado sem ápice livre. Entretanto, uma dessas espécies, Paxillus macrocerus Reyes-Castillo & Fonseca, apresenta um padrão diferente, tendo em vista que possui um tubérculo central longo com o ápice completamente livre. O presente estudo descreve e ilustra outra espécie nova, a qual foi encontrada na Amazônia brasileira, que apresenta essa mesma característica.
