ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Brazilian green propolis may be an alternative product that reduces the development of a microbial biofilm on the polymers used for maxillofacial prostheses. However, its effects as a disinfectant have not been fully established. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of Brazilian green propolis alcohol solutions against the Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on polymers used in maxillofacial prostheses, the maxillofacial silicone elastomer (MDX4-4210), and specific acrylic resins for ocular prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 324 disk-shaped specimens (3×10 mm) of each material were fabricated. All specimens were contaminated with S. aureus (108 cells/mL) to assess the antibiofilm activity of immersion solutions and protocols. Thus, 162 specimens of each material were randomly distributed and equally divided into 5 groups of disinfectants and 1 control group: 3 separate groups of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% propolis alcohol solutions, 1 group of 5% propolis alcohol gel, a positive control group of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and a negative control group of distilled water. Specimens (n=9) were disinfected by immersion for 5, 10, and 15 minutes and immersed in culture medium for 24 hours. Any notable turgescence in the final medium was considered indicative of a biofilm. The effects of disinfectants were analyzed by a turbidity assay and by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: The final medium with specimens disinfected with 10% propolis alcohol solution showed no turbidity, indicating constant efficacy against the S. aureus biofilm. Similarly, these findings were observed in the 2% chlorhexidine gluconate group. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that the surface of the polymers treated with 10% propolis alcohol solution did not show bacterial colonies. CONCLUSIONS: Disinfection with 10% green propolis alcohol solution was effective in eliminating the S. aureus biofilm from specimens of maxillofacial elastomer and N1 acrylic resin specific to ocular prostheses by immersion for 5 minutes.
Subject(s)
Disinfectants , Maxillofacial Prosthesis , Propolis , Acrylic Resins/pharmacology , Biofilms , Disinfectants/pharmacology , Polymers , Propolis/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effectsABSTRACT
This article describes a simple method for painting an artificial iris for the manufacturing of an ocular prosthesis with dark and light tones, both with excellent esthetic results. The challenge of choosing colors around the pupil and medium zone during painting is aided by the application of Newton's color wheel theory. This technique provides a safer choice of color during the painting procedure by using a mixture of ceramic pigments.
Subject(s)
Ceramics , Eye, Artificial , Iris , Prosthesis Coloring/methods , Color , Esthetics , HumansABSTRACT
O perfil demográfico brasileiro passa por um processo de transição em que a taxa de sobrevida vem crescendo e, consequentemente, há aumento da população idosa. Os serviços de saúde pública precisarão se adequar para atender as necessidades e demandas dessa população. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a frequência de lesões orais e maxilofaciais em idosos (pacientes ≥60 anos) comparando dois serviços distintos, um clínico e outro laboratorial, e investigar a associação entre a ocorrência das três lesões mais frequentes e as variáveis independentes. Um estudo retrospectivo e comparativo foi realizado. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários de dois tipos de serviços de referência em Patologia Oral e Maxilo Facial. As variáveis independentes analisadas foram: sexo, faixa etária (idoso jovem: 60-79 anos e mais idoso: ≥80 anos), cor da pele, tabagismo, uso de álcool e uso de próteses removíveis. Quanto à lesão foi considerada a sintomatologia e a localização anatômica. Uma análise descritiva de frequência das lesões para os dois serviços e o teste Qui-quadrado foram realizados. A análise univariada verificou a associação entre a ocorrência das três lesões mais frequentes e as variáveis independentes. O intervalo de confiança foi estabelecido em 95% e o nível de significância foi de p <0,05. Inicialmente foram analisados 32.842 registros de um banco de dados, dos quais 5.148 eram de indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais. Desses, 1.695 (37.3%) eram de origem clínica e 2.848 (62,7%) laboratorial. Considerando os dois serviços, a maioria foi do sexo feminino (62,3%), idoso jovem (90,1%) e não brancos (48,2%). Em 18,3% dos prontuários, os indivíduos relataram fumar e 12,1% faziam uso de álcool. O uso de próteses removíveis foi identificado em 32,4% dos registros. Lesões assintomáticas (54,3%) foram mais frequentes e a mucosa alveolar foi o sítio anatômico mais acometido (18,2%). A hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (HFI) foi a lesão mais comum nos dois serviços. A candidíase e as varizes foram a segunda e terceira lesões mais frequentes no serviço clínico, enquanto o carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) e a displasia epitelial (DE) foram mais frequentes no serviço laboratorial. Encontramos diferenças na frequência quando comparamos os grupos de lesões (p <0,05), exceto nos grupos de lesões pigmentadas (p = 0,054) e infecciosas (p = 0,054) que não houve diferença significativa. Pacientes do sexo feminino (OR: 2,08; IC: 1,81-2,39) e indivíduos que usavam prótese removível (OR: 3,99; IC: 2,83-5,62) tiveram uma frequência maior de diagnóstico para hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória. Também houve diferença de frequência no diagnóstico de carcinoma de células escamosas no grupo dos mais idosos (OR: 1,70; IC: 1,30-2,21), nos indivíduos do sexo masculino (OR: 3,63; IC: 3,004,39), tabagistas (OR: 6,05; IC: 4,847,56) e aos que faziam uso de álcool (OR: 3,95; IC: 3,125,01). Os resultados mostraram diferentes frequências de OMLs em idosos, de acordo com as fontes de dados e grupos pela idade. Os resultados são importantes para direcionar políticas públicas mais eficazes para essa faixa etária.
The Brazilian demographic profile is in transition, which the survival rate is increasing and, consequently, there is an increase in the older population. Public health services will have to adapt to attend needs and demands of this population. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of oral and maxillofacial lesions among older individuals (≥60 years) as reported by two different services: clinical and laboratory services and to investigate the association between the occurrence of the three most frequent lesions and the independent variables. A retrospective study was performed using data obtained from the oral and maxillofacial pathology services. Data on the frequency of oral and maxillofacial lesions from the clinical and laboratory services were collected. Data on the sex, age group (youngold: 6079 years and oldold: 80 years or older), and skin color of the individuals, as well as their habits, such as smoking, alcohol use, and the wearing of prosthesis, were also retrieved. Regarding the lesion, the symptoms and the anatomical location were considered. Descriptive analyses of the frequencies of oral and maxillofacial lesions reported by both services were performed. Univariate analysis was used to test the association between the occurrence of the three most frequent oral and maxillofacial lesions and the independent variables. The confidence interval was set at 95% and the level of significance was p < 0.05. From 32,842 records in the two services, 5,148 were individuals aged 60 years or older, theses 1,685 (32.7%) were from the clinical service and 3,463 (67.3%) were from the laboratory service. Considering the two services, the majority were female (62.3%), young-old (90.0%) and non-white individuals (48.7%). In 17.7% and 12.1% of the records, smoking and alcohol use was reported, respectively, while 29.3% of the records indicated that the individual wore a removable prosthesis. Painful symptoms were reported in 1,345 (26.1%) of the cases. The most affected anatomical site was the alveolar mucosa (943 cases; 18.3%). The inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) was the most commom lesion in both services, while the candidiasis and varices were the second and third most frequent lesions in the clinical service, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and epithelial dysplasia (ED) were more frequent in the laboratory service. Young-old individuals were likely to present with IFH: odds ratio (OR): 1.38 and confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.71. However, females (OR: 2.01; CI: 1.77-2.29) and individuals who wore a removable prosthesis (OR: 4.21; CI: 2.99-5.93) were also likely to present with IFH. Old-old individuals who were 80 years or older (OR: 1.64; CI: 1.28- 2.11), male (OR: 3.66; CI: 3.07-4.36), or who had reported smoking (OR: 5.83; CI: 4.74-7.18) or alcohol use (OR: 3.69; CI: 2.96-4.60) were likely to present with SCC. Males (OR: 1.59; CI: 1.30-1.95) and individuals who had reported smoking (OR: 1.86; CI: 1.44-2.42) were likely to present with ED. The frequency of oral and maxillofacial lesions diagnosed in both services was different. The data source and the study design used in retrospective analyzes can direct the results found.
Subject(s)
Biopsy , Aged , Comparative Study , Diagnostic Services , Mouth DiseasesABSTRACT
The clinical report describes a case of a 14-year-old patient with a traumatic amputation of the left auricle and severe hypertrophic scarring. The management of peri-implant soft tissue was challenging, but successful in the rehabilitation of a patient with auricular prosthesis retained by implants. The prosthesis restored the patient's facial aesthetics and contributed not only to function, but also to psychosocial well-being.
