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1.
Health Econ ; 27(8): 1284-1299, 2018 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29770534

ABSTRACT

This study aims to evaluate the More Doctors Program (Programa Mais Médicos) in terms of the provision of physicians, presenting estimates of its impact on hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions. The differences-in-differences method was used with propensity score matching (double difference matching), using 3 specifications, a falsification test, and also a dynamic endogeneity test to confirm the robustness of the results. For the application of this methodology, a panel of municipal data was constructed covering several variables related to socioeconomic, demographic, and public health infrastructure characteristics in the cities for the period from 2010 to 2016. The results show a significant reduction in hospital admissions in treated municipalities with an increasing and perceptible effect in the second year of the program.


Subject(s)
Government Programs , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Physicians/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Humans , Male , Public Health
2.
Cien Saude Colet ; 22(9): 2919-2928, 2017 Sep.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28954143

ABSTRACT

This work aims to analyze the impact of childhood and adolescent sexual abuse on variables related to mental health and to identify the characteristics of the victims. To achieve this objective, microdata of the National School Health Survey 2015 was used, applying the methodology of Propensity Score Matching. The results show that the abused youth has a unique behavioral, familiar and socioeconomic profile and that they are more likely to use alcohol and drugs, be victim of bullying, to be in age-grade lag, to be employed and not to intend to continue studying. From a familiar point of view, they have low parental monitoring and lower probability of living with their mother. Estimates show that teenage sexual abuse can increase the youth's chance of reporting a constant feeling of loneliness by 13.3 percent, a 7.5 percent higher chance of having few or none friends, and a 9.5 percent higher chance of reporting frequent insomnia. Significant differences in effects on men and women were also observed, with impacts on loneliness feelings and insomnia greater for the first group and greater on the number of friends for the second.


Subject(s)
Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology , Loneliness/psychology , Mental Health , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology , Adolescent , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Bullying/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Female , Friends/psychology , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(9): 2919-2928, Set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890443

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva analisar os impactos do abuso sexual na adolescência sobre variáveis relacionadas à saúde mental e identificar as características das vítimas. Para tanto, utiliza-se a metodologia do Propensity Score Matching a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. Os resultados mostram que o jovem violentado tem um perfil comportamental, familiar e socioeconômico singular, a destacar pelo fato de que tem mais chances de já ter utilizado álcool e drogas, de ser alvo de bullying, estar em distorção idade-série, encontrar-se empregado e não ter pretensão de continuar estudando. Do ponto de vista familiar, tem pouco acompanhamento dos pais e menos chance de morar com a mãe. As estimativas revelam que o abuso sexual na adolescência pode aumentar em 13,3% a chance do jovem reportar sentimento frequente de solidão, em 7,5% a chance de ter poucos ou nenhum amigo e em 9,5% a chance de relatar insônia frequente por motivo de preocupação. Foram constatadas ainda diferenças significativas dos efeitos em mulheres e homens, sendo os impactos sobre solidão e insônia maiores para o primeiro grupo e sobre número de amigos maiores para o segundo.


Abstract This work aims to analyze the impact of childhood and adolescent sexual abuse on variables related to mental health and to identify the characteristics of the victims. To achieve this objective, microdata of the National School Health Survey 2015 was used, applying the methodology of Propensity Score Matching. The results show that the abused youth has a unique behavioral, familiar and socioeconomic profile and that they are more likely to use alcohol and drugs, be victim of bullying, to be in age-grade lag, to be employed and not to intend to continue studying. From a familiar point of view, they have low parental monitoring and lower probability of living with their mother. Estimates show that teenage sexual abuse can increase the youth's chance of reporting a constant feeling of loneliness by 13.3 percent, a 7.5 percent higher chance of having few or none friends, and a 9.5 percent higher chance of reporting frequent insomnia. Significant differences in effects on men and women were also observed, with impacts on loneliness feelings and insomnia greater for the first group and greater on the number of friends for the second.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology , Loneliness , Loneliness/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Risk Factors , Health Surveys , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Friends/psychology , Bullying/statistics & numerical data
4.
Porto Alegre; s.n; 2017. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-943590

ABSTRACT

A presente dissertação consiste em dois ensaios independentes em avaliação de políticas públicas, os quais estimam efeitos causais de duas políticas brasileiras de grande apelo, o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) e o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). O primeiro ensaio objetiva avaliar o PMM no que se refere ao provimento de médicos, apresentando estimativas de seu impacto nas internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP). Foi empregado o método de diferenças-em-diferenças com pareamento por escore de propensão (double difference matching). Para a aplicação desta metodologia, foi construído um painel de dados municipais abrangendo diversas variáveis relativas às características socioeconômicas, demográficas e de infraestrutura pública de saúde nas cidades para o período de 2010 a 2016. Como um primeiro estágio da análise, apresenta-se o impacto do programa sobre o número de médicos nos municípios beneficiários. As estimativas sugerem que houve aumento significativo na oferta de médicos por conta do PMM. Em um segundo estágio mostra-se que o programa teve impacto na redução de internações hospitalares evitáveis nos municípios mais carentes em termos de oferta de saúde, com um efeito crescente e perceptível a partir do segundo ano da política. Além disso, algumas estratégias adotadas garantiram a robustez dos resultados como um teste de endogeneidade dinâmica, estimações para anos anteriores ao programa, e regressões a partir de diferentes especificações. O segundo ensaio estima o impacto do PBF sobre a migração inter-estadual brasileira. A estimação do efeito do tratamento médio sobre os tratados (Average Treatment Effect on Treated – ATT) foi feita por meio do Propensity Score Matching (PSM) a partir dos microdados do Censo Demográfico de 2010, em que foi possível analisar indivíduos migrantes, migrantes retornados e não retornados. As estimações apontam que o PBF estimula a remigração dos beneficiários aos seus estados de origem, além de manter aqueles que já estão fixos em uma localidade, mesmo que essa não seja a sua de nascimento. Os resultados não se mostraram sensíveis à possível presença de variáveis omitidas e as demais especificações utilizadas nas estimações. Ao explorar a heterogeneidade regional, mostramos que os impactos sobre remigração e retenção são maiores para região Nordeste, a qual concentra grande parte dos remigrados e beneficiários do PBF. Ainda, por meio da Função Dose Resposta (FDR), mostra-se que os resultados são positivamente correlacionados com os valores monetários pagos pelo programa, o que pode indicar um mecanismo para os resultados.


The present dissertation consists of two independent essays in public policy evaluation, which estimates the causal effects of two major Brazilian policies, the Mais Médicos Program (PMM) and the Bolsa Família Program (PBF). The first essay aims to evaluate the PMM in terms of the provision of physicians, presenting estimates of its impact on hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSH). The differences-in-differences method was used with propensity score matching (double difference matching), using three specifications, a falsification test and also a dynamic endogeneity test to confirm the robustness of the results. For the application of this methodology, a panel of municipal data was constructed covering several variables related to socioeconomic, demographic and public health infrastructure characteristics in the cities for the period from 2010 to 2016. First, it is shown that the program had an effect on increasing the density of physicians. Then, the main results show a significant reduction in hospital admissions in treated municipalities with an increasing and perceptible effect in the second year of the program. The second essay aims to analyze the impact of PBF in Brazilian intern migration. The Average Treatment Effect on Treated (ATT) was estimated through Propensity Score Matching (PSM) using microdata from Brazilian Census 2010. The results show that the program stimulates recipients’ remigration to their home states and retain those already established in a locality. The estimates are robust in the possible presence of omitted variables and in different matching specifications. By exploring regional heterogeneity, we have shown that the impacts on return and retention are greater for the Northeast, the concentrating region of return migrations and Program beneficiaries. Through Dose Response Function it is also shown that the results are positively correlated with the monetary values transfer by the Bolsa Família, which may indicate a channel for the empirical results.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization , Internal Migration , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care , Brazil
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