ABSTRACT
The cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the fungicides captan and folpet were determined in the CHO/HGPRT system which utilizes Chinese hamster ovary cells and resistance to 6-thioguanine to estimate mutation induction at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase locus. Treatment of cultures with each compound for 5 hr is serum-free medium resulted in reproducible, significant, concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants.
Subject(s)
Captan/toxicity , Cell Survival/drug effects , Fungicides, Industrial/toxicity , Mutagens , Phthalimides/toxicity , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Colony-Forming Units Assay , Cricetinae , Female , Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/geneticsSubject(s)
Alkylating Agents/toxicity , Carcinogens , Mutagens , Toxicology/methods , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Cells, Cultured , Cricetinae , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mesylates/toxicity , Mutation/radiation effects , Nitrogen Mustard Compounds/toxicity , Nitrosamines/toxicity , Ploidies , Structure-Activity Relationship , Sunlight , Technology, Radiologic , Ultraviolet Rays , X-RaysABSTRACT
Mutation induction and cell killing produced by selected alkylsulfates and alkanesulfonates have been quantitated using the Chinese hamster ovary/hypoxanthine--guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (CHO/HGPRT) system. Dose--response relationships of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity are presented for two alkylsulfates [dimethylsulfate (DMS), diethylsulfate (DES)] and three alkyl alkanesulfonates [methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and isopropyl methanesulfonate (iPMS)]. Under the experimental conditions employed, cytotoxicity decreased with the size of the alkyl group. DMS was more toxic than DES, and MMS was more toxic than EMS and iPMS. All agents produced linear dose--response of mutation induction: DMS was more mutagenic than DES, and MMS was more mutagenic than EMS and iPMS based on mutants induced per unit mutagen concentration. However, the following relative mutagenic potency was observed when comparisons were made at 10% survival: DES greater than DMS; EMS greater than MMS greater than iPMS.