ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aims to describe a new baclofen pump implantation technique with pre-brainstem catheter placement and to demonstrate the benefits that this procedure has in treating spasticity and dystonia. METHODS: We described a new technique to place a baclofen pump catheter anterior to the brainstem. To illustrate the technique, we presented five patients with both spasticity and dystonia in whom conventional treatment was not effective. They each received a baclofen pump with a pre-brainstem catheter. We evaluated the results using the Ashworth scale for spasticity, the Barry-Albright scale for dystonia, and the PedsQL for quality of life assessment. Each patient was evaluated before a surgery and after 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in all the physical examination evaluated areas using the Barry-Albright and modified Ashworth scales between the preoperative and the postoperative period. The same applies to the results of the PedsQL quality of life scale. CONCLUSION: We presented an innovative baclofen pump implantation technique with pre-brainstem catheter placement that could be a therapeutic alternative in patients with dystonia and spastic quadriparesis for whom conventional therapy is not effective.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Palsy , Muscle Relaxants, Central , Baclofen , Brain Stem , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Cerebral Palsy/drug therapy , Humans , Infusion Pumps, Implantable , Muscle Spasticity/drug therapy , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Objetivo: Restaurar función de vaciado vesical en pacientes con vejiga neurogénica por medio de la reinervación de la vejiga a través de la creación de reflejo sómato-visceral. Registrar complicaciones neuroquirúrgicas, urológicas y ortopédicas.Evaluar dificultades técnico-quirúrgicas y los resultados de 5 casos realizados en Argentina. Introducción: La vejiga neurogénica es una complicación secundaria al daño neurológico en los pacientes con mielomeningocele (MMC). Para lograr vaciar la vejiga deben realizar cateterismo intermitente. La técnica Xiao se basa en permitir la generación de un arco reflejo somato visceral por medio de una anastomosis entre una raíz eferente donante y la raíz motora S2 S3 que permita el vaciado vesical sin cateterismo. Material y métodos: Por medio de un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, se analizan los resultados obtenidos luego de realizar la técnica Xiao, en el año 2010, en 5 pacientes con MMC y vejiga neurogénica. Los pacientes fueron operados en el Instituto de Rehabilitación (IREP). Fueron evaluados en forma multidisciplinaria tanto pre como en el postoperatorio por neurocirujanos, neurólogos, urólogos, clínicos y kinesiólogos. Resultados: Los pacientes que presentaron mejores resultados fueron los más jóvenes y los que no presentaban daño estructural de la vejiga al momento de la cirugía, lo que coincide con los resultados compartidos por los demás centros donde fue realizada esta técnica. Conclusiones: La técnica de Xiao puede considerarse una opción para el tratamiento de la vejiga neurogénica. Aunque nuestra serie es muy pequeña para dar conclusiones, los resultados globales de todas las series muestran resultados alentadores.
Objective: To restore bladder function in patients with neurogenic bladder through the reinnervation through restauration of somatic-visceral reflex. Record neurosurgical, urological and orthopedic complications. To evaluate technical-surgical difficulties and the results of 5 cases performed in Argentina. Introduction: Neurogenic bladder is a complication secondary to neurological damage in patients with myelomeningocele (MMC). To achieve emptying of the bladder, intermittent catheterization must be performed. The "Xiao technique" is based on allowing the generation of a visceral somatic-reflex arc by means of an anastomosis between a donor efferent root and the motor root S2-S3 that allows bladder emptying without catheterization. Material and methods: Through a retrospective descriptive study, the results obtained after performing the "Xiao technique" in 5 patients with MMC and neurogenic bladder were analyzed. The patients were operated at the Rehabilitation Institute (IREP). They were evaluated with a multidisciplinary team, both pre and post-surgery. The team was formed by neurosurgeons, neurologists, urologists, clinicians and kinesiologists. Results: The patients who presented the best results were the youngest and those who did not present structural damage of the bladder at the time of surgery, which match the results shared by the other centers where this technique was performed. Conclusions: "Xiao's technique" can be considered an option for the treatment of neurogenic bladder. Although our series is too small to make conclusions, the overall results of all the series show encouraging results
