ABSTRACT
Ehrlichia minasensis is a new pathogenic bacterial species that infects cattle, and Borrelia theileri causes bovine borreliosis. We detected E. minasensis and B. theileri DNA in cattle from southwestern Colombia by using PCR. E. minasensis and B. theileri should be considered potential etiologies of febrile syndrome in cattle from Colombia.
Subject(s)
Borrelia Infections , Cattle Diseases , Animals , Borrelia Infections/veterinary , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Colombia/epidemiology , DNA , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Within the protective outer membrane (OM) fraction of Anaplasma marginale, several vaccine candidates have emerged, including a family of OM proteins (OMPs) 7 to 9, which share sequence identity with each other and with the single protein OMP7 in the vaccine strain A. marginale subsp. centrale. A. marginale OMPs 7 to 9 are logical vaccine candidates because they are surface exposed, present in the OM immunogen and protective cross-linked OM proteins, recognized by immune serum IgG2 and T cells in cattle immunized with OM, and recognized by immune serum IgG2 from cattle immunized with the A. centrale vaccine strain. We report the identification of a globally conserved 9-amino-acid T-cell epitope FLLVDDAI/VV shared between A. centrale vaccine strain OMP7 and the related A. marginale OMPs 7 to 9, where position 8 of the peptide can be isoleucine or valine. The epitope is conserved in American A. marginale strains, in the Australia Gypsy Plains strain, and in multiple field isolates from Ghana. This epitope, together with additional T-cell epitopes that are present within these proteins, should be considered for inclusion in a multivalent vaccine for A. marginale that can provide protection against disease caused by globally distributed bacterial strains.
Subject(s)
Anaplasma marginale/immunology , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology , Conserved Sequence , Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology , Americas , Anaplasma marginale/isolation & purification , Animals , Australia , GhanaABSTRACT
Rickettsia felis es el agente etiológico de la fiebre manchada transmitida por pulgas, cuyo principal vector y reservorio es Ctenocephalides felis . Típicamente, la enfermedad se presenta como fiebre aguda asociada a cefalea, astenia, exantema máculo-papular generalizado y, en algunos casos, con escara de inoculación. En los últimos años, R. felis ha venido adquiriendo un papel importante en la etiología del síndrome febril agudo, calificándola como una enfermedad emergente y subdiagnosticada. La inmunofluorescencia indirecta es actualmente el método diagnóstico de referencia. Sin embargo, esta técnica presenta limitaciones relacionadas con la reacción cruzada que existe entre las diferentes especies del género Rickettsia . En el presente reporte se describe el caso de un paciente de 16 años con síndrome febril agudo secundario a infección probable por R. felis .
Rickettsia felis is the etiologic agent of flea-borne spotted fever, with Ctenocephalides felis as its main vector and reservoir. Typically, the disease presents as acute fever associated with headache, asthenia, generalized maculo-papular rash, and in some cases, an inoculation eschar. In recent years, R. felis has acquired an important role in the etiology of the acute febrile syndrome; it is indeed an emerging infectious disease, albeit underdiagnosed. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is currently the reference diagnostic method. However, this technique has limitations related to the cross reactivity among different species of rickettsiae. Herein, we describe a case of a 16 year-old patient with an acute febrile syndrome secondary to probable infection with R. felis.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Cats , Dogs , Humans , Male , Ctenocephalides/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia felis/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Dengue/diagnosis , Environmental Exposure , Horses , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Leukopenia/etiology , Rickettsia Infections/blood , Rickettsia Infections/transmission , Rickettsia felis/immunology , Thrombocytopenia/etiologyABSTRACT
Rickettsia felis is the etiologic agent of flea-borne spotted fever, with Ctenocephalides felis as its main vector and reservoir. Typically, the disease presents as acute fever associated with headache, asthenia, generalized maculo-papular rash, and in some cases, an inoculation eschar. In recent years, R. felis has acquired an important role in the etiology of the acute febrile syndrome; it is indeed an emerging infectious disease, albeit underdiagnosed. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is currently the reference diagnostic method. However, this technique has limitations related to the cross reactivity among different species of rickettsiae. Herein, we describe a case of a 16 year-old patient with an acute febrile syndrome secondary to probable infection with R. felis.
Subject(s)
Ctenocephalides/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia felis/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Cats , Dengue/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Dogs , Environmental Exposure , Horses , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Leukopenia/etiology , Male , Rickettsia Infections/blood , Rickettsia Infections/transmission , Rickettsia felis/immunology , Thrombocytopenia/etiologyABSTRACT
La miasis por cochliomyia hominivorax se caracteriza por áreas manchadas con exudados sanguinolentos alrededor de las heridas de los animales. Sus efectos patológicos van desde la irritación mecánica por la alimentación de las larvas hasta la muerte del hospedero en infestaciones sucesivas. En condiciones naturales, las densidades de las poblaciones de la mosca del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado son bajas. Se distribuyen en relación con los cursos de agua, la proximidad de hospederos potenciales y la densidad de la vegetación. Los climas húmedos y calientes favorecen el incremento de las poblaciones del gusano Barrenador del ganado. Dentro de los animales domésticos, la principal especie afectada es la bovina. Los factores de riesgo en los animales están relacionados, principalmente, con prácticas de manejo. En seres humanos, los niños y los ancianos, en condiciones de abandono y desaseo, son los individuos más vulnerables.Se señalan algunos aspectos técnicos que deben ser analizados en la planeación de estudios ecológicos y epidemiológicos en Colombia...
