ABSTRACT
El estudio del equilibrio ácido-base (EAB), su regulación y su interpretación ha sido objeto de debate desde los inicios del siglo XX. Las interpretaciones más empleadas y aceptadas están basadas en el concepto de pH introducido por Sorensen en 1909 y en la ecuación de Henderson-Hasselbalch en 1916. Desde entonces se han desarrollado nuevos conceptos destinados a completar y facilitar el entendimiento de los trastornos del EAB. A comienzo de los años 80 Peter Stewart puso en duda la interpretación clásica de las alteraciones del EAB y desarrolló un nuevo método. Esta innovadora visión de Stewart parece más apropiada para el estudio de los trastornos complejos del EAB que presentan los pacientes críticamente enfermos. El objetivo de este manuscrito es revisar y actualizar los conceptos básicos de la regulación del EAB, los métodos empleados para su evaluación, sus limitaciones y aplicaciones (AU)
The study of acid-base equilibrium, its regulation and its interpretation have been a source of debate since the beginning of 20th century. Most accepted and commonly used analyses are based on pH, a notion first introduced by Sorensen in 1909, and on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (1916). Since then new concepts have been development in order to complete and make easier the understanding of acid-base disorders. In the early 1980's Peter Stewart brought the traditional interpretation of acid-base disturbances into question and proposed a new method. This innovative approach seems more suitable for studying acid-base abnormalities in critically ill patients. The aim of this paper is to update acid-base concepts, methods, limitations and applications (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acid-Base Equilibrium , Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology , Bicarbonates/therapeutic use , Acidosis/etiology , Hypoalbuminemia/drug therapy , Metabolic Diseases/drug therapy , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Electrolytes/metabolism , Electrolytes/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The study of acid-base equilibrium, its regulation and its interpretation have been a source of debate since the beginning of 20th century. Most accepted and commonly used analyses are based on pH, a notion first introduced by Sorensen in 1909, and on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (1916). Since then new concepts have been development in order to complete and make easier the understanding of acid-base disorders. In the early 1980's Peter Stewart brought the traditional interpretation of acid-base disturbances into question and proposed a new method. This innovative approach seems more suitable for studying acid-base abnormalities in critically ill patients. The aim of this paper is to update acid-base concepts, methods, limitations and applications.
