ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to determine temporal TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 gene expression profiles in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients with posttraumatic cataract. The patient group comprised 22 children selected with a fragment of anterior lens capsule obtained during elective cataract surgery and sampled for molecular analysis. The levels of TGF-ß isoforms in the anterior lens capsule were determined based on the number of mRNA copies per 1 µg total RNA by real-time qRTPCR. Three time-related result clusters were identified based on hierarchical cluster analysis: 2.2, 4.4 and 15.0 months (time span from injury to anterior capsule sampling during surgery) and compared with regard to temporal gene expression profile and quantitative relations of TGF-ß1, 2 and 3 mRNAs. TGF-ß1, TGF-ß2, and TGF-ß3 mRNAs were detected in all anterior lens capsule samples. A comparative analysis revealed: TGF-ß1>TGF-ß2>TGF-ß3 during the entire observation period. The TGF-ß mRNA levels continued to increase up to four months after injury, then returning close to the base levels after around 15 months. The expression patterns of TGF-ß isoforms showed a similar tendency. Differences in the expression levels of TGF-ß1 and TGF-ß2 between the particular clusters were statistically significant. Posttraumatic transcriptional activities of TGF-ß1 and TGF-ß2 in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients depend on the time elapsing from injury. Our findings indicate that the transcriptional activities of TGFB family genes show a transient period of over-expression during the months after injury. TGF-ß1 is a dominant isoform expressed in lens epithelial cells following injury.
Subject(s)
Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/genetics , Lens, Crystalline/metabolism , Lens, Crystalline/pathology , Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/pathology , Female , Gene Expression Regulation , Humans , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/metabolism , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/pathology , Male , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Time Factors , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a degenerative disease of the brain, characterized by rapid and irreversible decline, with dementia, ataxia, myoclonus, and other neurological and neurobehavioral disorders associated with rapidly progressive spongiform encephalopathy. The mode of transmission and basic pathomechanism remain unclear. The clinical picture of CJD is highly diverse, producing a number of variants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patient to be described is a 68-year-old Polish female, JR, clinically diagnosed with CJD. The article presents the case history in detail, with particular emphasis on neuropsychological testing, which was initiated when the patient was still lucid and capable of cooperation. The first presenting symptom was agraphia, followed by hemianopsia and other vision disorders, culminating in visual hallucinations. As the progress of the disease accelerated there was rapidly progressive dementia, aphasia developing to organic mutism, myoclonus, hyperkinesia, ultimately loss of all verbal contact or voluntary movement. RESULTS: JR's neuropsychological parameters declined in a period of less than 3 months from near normal to levels characteristic of severe dementia. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical picture here presented is consistent with that of the Heidenhain variant of CJD, with spongiform encephalopathy beginning in the right occipital lobe. Several features of the case remain atypical, however, including the absence of the most common genetic mutation and the patient's long survival after onset.
Subject(s)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/physiopathology , Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/psychology , Dementia/physiopathology , Dementia/psychology , Aged , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of anterior eye segment in postoperative period after PC-IOL transscleral fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material comprised 31 eyes in 31 patients, (11 women and 20 men), aged 20-80 years (average 61 years), who underwent the primary or secondary PC-IOL implantation with transscleral fixation. The examination was performed 10 to 14 months (average 12 months) after surgery. The clinical state of the corneas was evaluated using endothelial and confocal microscopy. The position of the IOL, its location and symmetry were evaluated with ultrasound biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The visual acuity ranged from 0.1 to 1.0. In 20 eyes (64%) the position of PC-IOL was correct. In the rest of cases the inappropriate position of implants was observed. The decrease of endothelial cells density was 13% in eyes with primary implantation and 7% in cases with secondary implantation of IOL. In the corneal endothelium, there were features of pleomorfism and polymegatism; in a few cases some deposits were observed. CONCLUSION: The implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses with transscleral fixation is recommended for some cases of primary or secondary problems with capsule support. The PC-IOL implantation with transscleral fixation can be the alternative method for the anterior IOL implantation.
Subject(s)
Anterior Eye Segment/surgery , Endothelium, Corneal/pathology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Lenses, Intraocular , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Sclera/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Confocal , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Time Factors , Tissue Fixation , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present the results of the use of diode laser in the treatment of secondary glaucoma in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on 15 eyes in 14 children (7 males and 7 females) with glaucoma resistant to pharmacotherapy. Transscleral contact cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) was performed using SLx diode laser (Iris Medical Instrument). The number of photocoagulations performed within the circumference of 270 degrees ranged from 18 to 30 and the energy depended on "pop sound". RESULTS: In one child visual acuity decreased from 0.5/50 to light perception, while in the remaining children it did not change. Prior to coagulation, the mean intraocular pressure was 37.67 +/- 3.2 mm Hg, and 6 months after coagulation it was 22 +/- 3.74 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS: TSPC is a well tolerated method of treatment in children with pharmacotherapy-resistant glaucoma. In order to assess the late outcomes of the therapy, prolonged observation of the patients is required.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma/surgery , Laser Coagulation/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Drug Resistance , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of Nd:YAG capsulotomy on the cornea structure assessed by scanning slit confocal microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14 eyes in 14 patients after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy performed 6-34 months after extracapsular cataract extraction with PCIOL implantation were observed. Structure of cornea layers was evaluated before the procedure, then 3 hours and 7 days after the laser exposition using confocal microscope. RESULTS: Initial evaluation showed degenerative changes in subepithelial plexus; 3 hours after the procedure excessive exfoliation of superficial epithelial cells was observed. No significant changes were registered 7 days after the procedure. CONCLUSION: No significant changes were found in the confocal microscopy images of cornea after Nd:YAG capsulotomy.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Cornea/pathology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Corneal Diseases/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Confocal , Middle AgedABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: The aim of the work is to evaluate the ocular functions in children and teenagers after IOL implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 51 eyes in 47 patients aged 6-20 years. IOL implantation was performed simultaneously with congenital or traumatic cataract surgery and in aphakia. RESULTS: The visual acuity 5/50-5/5 was achieved in 73.3% of eyes after congenital cataract surgery, in 76.5% of eyes after traumatic cataract surgery, and in 31% of aphakic eyes before implantation.
Subject(s)
Aphakia/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Adolescent , Adult , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Male , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Presentation of some problems connected with the occurrence of retroprosthetic membranes following successful keratoprosthetic surgery, and of early results of the Q-switch Nd:YAG laser use in the disruption of these membranes. METHODS: Disruption of retroprosthetic membranes with the use of Nd:YAG laser was performed on 12 aphakic eyes in 12 patients. The age of patients ranged from 34 to 64 years. Ten eyes had implanted Fiodorow-Zujew keratoprosthesis and two had keratoprosthesis with their haptic parts made of carbo-carbonic compound. RESULTS: Improvement of visual acuity was observed in 9 patients (75%). The effect was not stable. It let us postpone the surgery in 7 cases. Further follow-up is necessary to evaluate the use of Nd:YAG laser in the disruption of retroprosthetic membranes.
Subject(s)
Laser Therapy , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Adult , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Humans , Middle Aged , Reoperation , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the implantation of artificial iris in rabbit's eyes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Polyester material was implanted in 36 rabbit eyes after segmental excision of the iris. RESULTS: Clinical, histopathological and histochemical examinations revealed good tolerance of the implant.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials , Eye, Artificial , Iris/surgery , Polyesters , Animals , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , RabbitsABSTRACT
The authors performed vitreous fluorophotometry in 16 cases of diabetic retinopathy before and after argon laser focal coagulation of retina. They have found rising tendency of the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier during the two months after laser treatment, which depended on its intensity.
Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery , Laser Coagulation , Adult , Aged , Blood-Retinal Barrier/physiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Diabetic Retinopathy/physiopathology , Fluorophotometry , Humans , Middle Aged , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Excimer laser was used for the treatment of 67 eyes with keratitis and 15 eyes with corneal ulceration. Also by means of excimer laser 18 eyes were treated for pterygium; cure was observed in 17 cases. The observation period was 6 months.
Subject(s)
Corneal Ulcer/surgery , Keratitis/surgery , Laser Therapy , Pterygium/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The authors present the results of a 5 years long observation of patients with an early form of diabetic retinopathy in whom one performed a photocoagulation of the retinal periphery. They observed the behavior of the visual function and the changes in the anterior chamber angle.
Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery , Light Coagulation/methods , Retina/surgery , Retinal Neovascularization , Retinal Vessels/surgery , Adult , Argon , Diabetic Retinopathy/physiopathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retina/physiopathology , Time Factors , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
Presented is the personal material comprising cases treated surgically for primary retinal detachment; analysed is the causal connection between postoperatively occurring proliferative vitreoretinopathy and the risk factors. The comparison of personal results with results of the other authors shows that in case of diagnosis of risk factors the reduction of the surgical trauma reduces the threat of proliferative vitreoretinopathy after operation of retinal detachment.
Subject(s)
Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Retinal Vessels/pathology , Retinitis/etiology , Scleral Buckling/adverse effects , Vitreous Body/blood supply , Adult , Aged , Eye Diseases/etiology , Eye Diseases/pathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Retinal Vessels/growth & development , Retinitis/pathology , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Vitreous Body/pathologyABSTRACT
Described is the method of secondary cataract extraction by means of a Nd-YAG laser; the results obtained in 34 patients (12 adults and 22 children) are presented. Intraoperative complications--anterior chamber haemorrhages and rise of the IOP among others--had a transitory character and did not influence the final result of treatment.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/methods , Cataract/etiology , Laser Therapy/methods , Lens, Crystalline/injuries , Adolescent , Adult , Aluminum , Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Neodymium , Recurrence , YttriumABSTRACT
Eighty four patients with a diagnosis of a neoplasm of the central nervous system were examined; full ophthalmological examination was performed in all of them. They showed pathological signs in the ocular adnexa, abnormal positioning and motility of the eyes, nystagmus, poor visual acuity, defects of the visual field, pathological changes in the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. In general--abnormal signs in the visual system were seen in 84.5 p.c. of cases comprising all of the children. In a part of cases ocular signs and symptoms were the only ones which drew attention from the side of the patient.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diplopia/diagnosis , Exophthalmos/diagnosis , Nystagmus, Pathologic/diagnosis , Optic Atrophy/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Diplopia/etiology , Exophthalmos/etiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Nystagmus, Pathologic/etiology , Optic Atrophy/etiologyABSTRACT
Fifteen patients with bilateral secondary glaucoma caused by rubeosis iridis in the course of diabetes were operated; one eye was subjected to a simple trabeculectomy, the fellow-eye to filtrating trabeculectomy by Nesterow's method; antiglaucomatous operations were preceded by a panretinal photocoagulation. After at least 3 years of observation the more stable reduction of the IOP was shown after filtering trabeculectomy.
Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy/complications , Glaucoma, Neovascular/surgery , Iris Diseases/complications , Iris/blood supply , Light Coagulation/methods , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Trabeculectomy/methods , Adult , Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery , Glaucoma, Neovascular/etiology , Glaucoma, Neovascular/physiopathology , Humans , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Presented are cases of proliferative uveitis in which a laser coagulation of the retina has been performed in order to separate the fibrous changes. The authoresses discuss 2 groups: treated without coagulation and with the use of an argon laser coagulation. They see better anatomical and functional results in group in which prophylactical coagulation has been performed. They draw on this basis the conclusion that it should be used earlier, before the complications which hinder this operation come forth.
