ABSTRACT
The study objective was to determine the effect of winter bright light therapy on binge and purge frequencies and depressive symptoms in subjects with bulimia nervosa. Thirty-four female bulimic outpatients were treated with either 10,000 lux bright white light or 50 lux dim red light (placebo control) during the winter months. In this double-blind study, the placebo group (n = 18) and the bright light group (n = 16) were matched for age, degree of seasonality (measured by the Seasonal Patterns Assessment Questionnaire [SPAQ]), and concurrent depression (measured by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV [SCID]). Three weeks of baseline data collection were followed by 3 weeks of half-hour daily morning light treatment and 2 weeks of follow-up evaluation. There was a significant light-treatment by time interaction (Wilks' lambda = .81, F(2,28) = 3.31, P = .05). The mean binge frequency decreased significantly more from baseline to the end of treatment for the bright light group (F(1,29) = 6.41, P = .017) than for the placebo group. The level of depression (measured by daily Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] scores) did not significantly differ between the groups during any phase, and neither depression nor seasonality affected the response to light treatment. In this double-blind study, bulimic women who received 3 weeks of winter bright light treatment reported a reduced binge frequency between baseline and the active treatment period in comparison to subjects receiving dim red light.
Subject(s)
Bulimia/psychology , Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology , Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Phototherapy/methods , Seasonal Affective Disorder/parasitology , Seasonal Affective Disorder/therapy , Seasons , Adolescent , Adult , Ambulatory Care , Bulimia/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis , Double-Blind Method , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Periodicity , Seasonal Affective Disorder/diagnosis , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) often have seasonal patterns of mood and appetite that compare with patterns seen in seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Seasonal patterns in other eating disorder (ED) subgroups have not been adequately described. We report on seasonal patterns in mood, weight, appetite, sleep, social activity, and energy in 154 consecutive admissions to an outpatient ED program: 60 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 31 with BN, 34 with a history of both AN and BN (AN/BN), and 29 with an ED not otherwise specified (ED-NOS). AN patients had significantly less seasonal variation overall than either bulimic subgroup, as measured by the global seasonality score (GSS) on the Seasonal Patterns Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). AN patients also showed less seasonal change in mood, weight, and energy than BN patients, and less variation in mood and appetite than AN/BN patients.
