Spectrophotometric quantification of lactose in solution with a peroxidase-based enzymatic cascade reaction system.

A spectrophotometric assay was developed for the quantification of lactose in aqueous solution via a one-pot enzymatic cascade reaction at 25 °C and pH 7.2. Lactose (0.2-1.8 mM), E. coli ß-galactosidase (ß-Gal), Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase (GOD), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) were incubated, and the increase in absorbance at 417 nm (A (417)) due to the formation of DAP (2,3-diaminophenazine), the dimeric oxidation product of OPD, was followed. The increase in A (417) was found to depend linearly on the initial lactose concentration via three consecutive but simultaneously occurring enzymatic reaction steps catalyzed by ß-Gal, GOD, and HRP. No pre-incubation of lactose with ß-Gal is needed with this simple lactose assay.

Immobilization of peroxidase on SiO2 surfaces with the help of a dendronized polymer and the avidin-biotin system.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is immobilized in three easy steps on SiO(2) surfaces with the help of a polycationic second generation dendronized polymer (denpol) and the biotin-avidin system. This stepwise immobilization process is monitored and quantitatively analyzed with the transmission interferometric adsorption sensor. Partially biotinylated denpol is first adsorbed onto SiO(2) , followed by addition of avidin and then of biotinylated HRP. Denpols in their molecular structure combine properties of polymers as well as dendrimers which are found to be of clear advantage for this type of non-covalent enzyme immobilization. With respect to the reproducibility of the adsorption process and with respect to the stability of the adsorbed polymer layer, the denpol is superior to α-poly-D-lysine which is used as a reference polymer. Furthermore, HRP immobilized with the denpol on commercial glass slides remains considerably more active upon storage as compared to HRP immobilized with the help of α-poly-D-lysine with a similar number of repeating units. The ease of the denpol-mediated HRP immobilization and the high stability of the immobilized enzyme are promising for bioanalytical applications.

Spectrophotometric quantification of horseradish peroxidase with o-phenylenediamine.

The assay conditions for the spectrophotometric quantification of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with the chromogenic substrate o-phenylenediamine (OPD) at 25°C in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) were optimized. With [OPD](0)=3.14 mM and [H(2)O(2)](0)=80 µM at pH 7.2, the initial formation of only one of the possible reaction products and intermediates, 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP, λ(max)=417 nm), was observed. The rate of DAP formation during the first 30 min of reaction was followed spectrophotometrically and found to linearly depend on the HRP concentration between 5 and 45 pM under the conditions used.