ABSTRACT
El calcio es esencial tanto para las funciones intracelulares como para un crecimiento y desarrollo normal. El contenido en el organismo se regula fundamentalmente a través del tubo digestivo.El calcio es el electrólito más abundante en el cuerpo. Más del 90 por ciento del calcio del cuerpo se almacena en el esqueleto y en los dientes en forma de cristales de tipo de hidroxiapatita El 99 por ciento del calcio del esqueleto no es utilizable para la homeostasis inmediata y sólo un 1 por ciento del total de calcio está en el plasma y en el fluido extravascular. El calcio iónico, tanto plasmático como citosólico, juega un rol fundamental en la actividad celularGran cantidad de funciones vitales son mediadas por el calcio celular y sérico, por lo que no sorprende que las funciones del esqueleto y de la integridad dental se afecten en situaciones de su deficiencia relativa.Las deficiencias crónicas se manifiestan como raquitismo y osteomalacia en el niño pequeño y como osteoporosis en el adulto. Aún cuando la deposición de calcio y fósforo ocurre en el esqueleto hasta la juventud, las reservas de calcio y fósforo son lentamente depletadas en adultos mayores (sobretodo mujeres) llevando a la osteoporosis (AU)
Subject(s)
Vitamin D/administration & dosage , Vitamin D/analysis , Vitamin D/metabolism , Calcitonin/administration & dosage , Calcitonin/metabolism , Osteoporosis/diagnosis , Osteoporosis/diet therapy , Osteoporosis/complications , Rickets/complications , Rickets/diagnosis , Rickets/therapy , Osteomalacia/complications , Osteomalacia/diagnosis , Osteomalacia/therapy , Bone Density/physiology , Bone Density/immunology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/therapy , Calcium/metabolism , Calcium/therapeutic use , Parathyroid Hormone/analysis , Parathyroid Hormone/administration & dosage , Parathyroid Hormone , Parathyroid Hormone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare morbidity and mortality in very low birthweight infants admitted to public and private intensive care units in Montevideo, Uruguay. METHODS: Longitudinal design. All very low birth weight infants born in public hospitals of Montevideo between May 1st and October 31st, 1999, were included in the study and followed up until they were discharged from hospital, or died. The quality of care, and morbidity and mortality rates obtained in private intensive care units were compared with those observed in public intensive care units (infants who were never transferred). RESULTS: Of 141 infants, 19 were excluded from the study (13 died at the delivery room and six were transferred to intensive care units of other public hospitals). Of the remaining 122 infants, 61 were kept at the intensive care units of public hospitals, and 61 were transferred to a private unit. The infants who were transferred presented lower gestational age and increased neonatal depression. However, mortality among infants treated at intensive care units of public hospitals was twice as high (Hazard Ratio 1.8; 95%CI 1.1-3.4; P=0.04), especially in infants who weighed less than 1,000g (Hazard Ratio 2.4; 95%CI 1.1-5.5; P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The health status of very low birth weight infants treated at intensive care units of public and private hospitals in Montevideo, Uruguay, was assessed. Mortality was lower, and health care was better in neonatal units of private hospitals.
ABSTRACT
Misalignment of pulmonary vessels with alveolar capillary dysplasia is a rare cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Most of the reported cases have been sporadic. We present two consecutive affected siblings with this disorder. This is the fifth reported family occurrence of this condition. In addition to the pulmonary abnormality, one of our cases had duodenal atresia.
Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Malformations/pathology , Lung/blood supply , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/pathology , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Bronchi/blood supply , Capillaries/abnormalities , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lung/pathology , Nuclear Family , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/etiology , Pulmonary Alveoli/blood supplyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and the symptomatic profile as well as to identify the sociodemographic characteristics highlighting female adolescents with the highest scores on suicidal ideation in adolescents living in Mexico City: students and suicidal patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional and ex-post-facto study was carried out in order to analyze information from two samples: 1,712 junior and junior high school women students (representative student sample in Mexico City), and 30 adolescents inpatient hospitalized for her suicide attempts (clinical sample). RESULTS: Prevalence of presence as well as persistence of suicidal ideation were higher in the clinical sample, nevertheless 11.8% of the school sample had everyone of the symptoms in a range of 1 to 7 days. The most persistent of the ideation symptoms was: "My family would be better if I were dead"; and in the clinical sample it was "I thought about killing myself". Finally, the sociodemographic characteristics that best matched the student girls having the highest scores in suicidal ideation were: to be on junior high school, to get low grades, to acknowledge school performance as bad and to have interrupted her studies. The characteristics that highlight the girls with a first attempt were analyzed in the clinic sample in comparison with those ones with two or more attempts. It was significant that girls in the second group were living only with one parent and they thought in the last attempt that their dead would be possible or certain. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was important in the school sample. If it is considered that this psychological construct has a strong association with suicidal attempt, and multiple suicide conduct, then is a priority to detect adolescents in risk and to make preventive efforts, considering the sociodemographic characteristics that configurate in risk for suicidal ideation.
Subject(s)
Psychology, Adolescent , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Sampling Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
This study constitutes a continuation of a series of approximation to the knowledge of an adolescent stage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the way in that the females and males adolescents conceptualize a "female friend". With this in mind, we analyzed the information with the semantic network technique in 160 adolescents: 80 females and 80 males divided in two groups of analysis: 8th and 12th school years in private schools from Mexico City. The results permit to observe some differences in their conceptualizations by gender and educative level; but also we observed similarities in the way of to conceptualize a "female friend". Perhaps these findings derived from a cultural tradition that influence the social interactions and by an evolutive stage: the adolescence, when the establishment of the psychosocial identity is an important need and demand.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Interpersonal Relations , Psychology, Adolescent , Sex , Adolescent , Culture , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Sex Factors , Social SupportABSTRACT
Among adolescents--especially, early adolescents, social relationships with your peer group are an important element so that new, mature social relationships can be established, with your best friends (peers) competing with your family. Obviously, this new relationship system demands both negotiations and arrangements, while bearing on your emotional state. Hence, the importance of the daily psychosocial stress, since stress is related to the relationship between an individual and his or her environment--an environment likely to outmatch personal psychosocial resources. The present work is aimed at identifying a relationship between some social daily stressors, depressive disturbance, and suicidal ideation among Mexican adolescents. Findings suggest that among male and female adolescents, conflicts with the best friend correlate strongly with a depressive mood also tending to somatizing discomfort: Besides enduring negative affect and somatization, females also tend to feel awkward in their interpersonal relationships, and also suffer from suicidal ideation. So, it could be assessed that a depressive disturbance assumes a different psychopathoplastic expression according to subjects' gender.
Subject(s)
Depression/psychology , Psychology, Adolescent , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Suicide/psychology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
This study constitutes a continuation of a series of approximation to the knowledge of an adolescent stage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the way in that the females and males adolescents conceptualize a [quot ]female friend[quot ]. With this in mind, we analyzed the information with the semantic network technique in 160 adolescents: 80 females and 80 males divided in two groups of analysis: 8th and 12th school years in private schools from Mexico City. The results permit to observe some differences in their conceptualizations by gender and educative level; but also we observed similarities in the way of to conceptualize a [quot ]female friend[quot ]. Perhaps these findings derived from a cultural tradition that influence the social interactions and by an evolutive stage: the adolescence, when the establishment of the psychosocial identity is an important need and demand.
ABSTRACT
Among adolescents--especially, early adolescents, social relationships with your peer group are an important element so that new, mature social relationships can be established, with your best friends (peers) competing with your family. Obviously, this new relationship system demands both negotiations and arrangements, while bearing on your emotional state. Hence, the importance of the daily psychosocial stress, since stress is related to the relationship between an individual and his or her environment--an environment likely to outmatch personal psychosocial resources. The present work is aimed at identifying a relationship between some social daily stressors, depressive disturbance, and suicidal ideation among Mexican adolescents. Findings suggest that among male and female adolescents, conflicts with the best friend correlate strongly with a depressive mood also tending to somatizing discomfort: Besides enduring negative affect and somatization, females also tend to feel awkward in their interpersonal relationships, and also suffer from suicidal ideation. So, it could be assessed that a depressive disturbance assumes a different psychopathoplastic expression according to subjects gender.
ABSTRACT
This study constitutes a continuation of a series of approximation to the knowledge of an adolescent stage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the way in that the females and males adolescents conceptualize a [quot ]female friend[quot ]. With this in mind, we analyzed the information with the semantic network technique in 160 adolescents: 80 females and 80 males divided in two groups of analysis: 8th and 12th school years in private schools from Mexico City. The results permit to observe some differences in their conceptualizations by gender and educative level; but also we observed similarities in the way of to conceptualize a [quot ]female friend[quot ]. Perhaps these findings derived from a cultural tradition that influence the social interactions and by an evolutive stage: the adolescence, when the establishment of the psychosocial identity is an important need and demand.
ABSTRACT
The human behavior and its social determinants are critical variables for understanding the etiology, treatment, and prevention of many disorders previously attributed to biological substrates. Among the many categories of human behavior to receive special attention from health researchers and practitioners are life events, coping responses and emotional state. The relation between these categories constituted a particular field of investigation. This relationship rather than forcing to focus on disease, distress, disability, and other failures in human functioning, permits to address health, abilities, resources, and other positive aspects of human functioning. On the other hand, the re-organization of health services considers interdisciplinary work as an objective, as it is necessary to care for the patient in an integral manner, with the consequent benefit of a more efficient service. In addition it is known that patients with psychosocial dysfunctions who use general practice care facilities overutilize these services in an unnecessary manner. With this in mind it is clear that is necessary to balance the service's cost-benefit for a more efficient clinical attention. In this paper we present the results of the categories mentioned above: life events, coping responses and its relationship with emotional state in a representative sample of 399 female patients who in 1986 received services at the National Institute of Perinatology-INPer-. Of these patients, 297 were obstetrical patients -OBS- and 102 gynaecological ones -GINE-. All patients answered these instruments: General Health Questionnaire -GHQ-7 of 30 items, a subscale of Health and Daily Living for Coping Responses and Life Events Scale.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
