ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Diet may influence biochemical pathways involved in age-related changes in body composition and physical function. This study aimed to describe dietary patterns and their relationships with body composition, physical performance, and grip strength according to age and sex. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Data were collected in the Clinical Research Center (CRC) of the Gérontopôle of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Toulouse or at participants' homes when unable to attend the research facilities. PARTICIPANTS: 470 (63% female) people with a median age of 56 (38 - 70) years. MEASUREMENTS: The "Mediterranean-like" (i.e., plant-based foods, dairy), "Animal products" (i.e., meat, processed meat, butter, refined starch), and "Sugar and fast food" (i.e., ultra-processed and sugary foods) dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis. Total and trunk fat mass indexes (kg/m²), and total and appendicular lean mass indexes (kg/m²) were assessed by DXA. The physical tests comprised gait speed (m/sec), chair rise (sec), the Short Physical Performance Battery test (/12 points), and handgrip strength (kg). The associations were explored through multivariate linear regressions by sex and age groups: ≥20 to <50, ≥50 to <65, and ≥65 years. RESULTS: Men and women had higher adherence to the "Sugar and fast food" diet in the youngest group. Middle-aged and older women adhered more to a "Mediterranean-like" diet. Men kept a "Sugar and fast food" diet when middle-aged and changed to the "Animal products" diet when ≥65 years. Higher adherence to the "Mediterranean-like" diet was associated with lower BMI, body fat, and lean mass in middle-aged men. Higher adherence to the "Animal products" diet was associated with higher lean mass in middle-aged women, more trunk fat in young men, lower strength in middle-aged men, and higher strength in older men. Higher adherence to the "Sugar and fast food" diet was associated with higher body fat in middle-aged men but lower body fat in older men. CONCLUSION: Diets composed of sugary foods, fast foods, and processed meat were associated with higher fat mass and lower strength. Men were more prone to have less healthy food intake in all age groups.
Subject(s)
Diet , Hand Strength , Male , Animals , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Body Composition , SugarsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years. BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Body mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained. Dietary intake was assessed by using a 3-day food diary. Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis. Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD. Significance was set at P<0.05. RESULTS: Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'. The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (ß=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (ß=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time. CONCLUSIONS: A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization. Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
Subject(s)
Bone Density , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Caffeine/adverse effects , Diet , Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects , Feeding Behavior , Osteoporosis/etiology , Absorptiometry, Photon , Aged , Beverages , Body Composition , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Caffeine/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Records , Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage , Female , Femur Neck/metabolism , Humans , Life Style , Lumbar Vertebrae/metabolism , Middle Aged , Osteoporosis/metabolism , PostmenopauseABSTRACT
The first case of Kawasaki disease in Pernambuco, Brazil, is described. An 18-month-old by presenting with fever, adenomegaly and mucocutaneous rash, had right and left coronary arteries dilation and aneurysm detected on echocardiography. Treated with a high dosage of aspirin, the patient is asymptomatic after a 7-month follow-up, with regression of coronary lesions.
Subject(s)
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnosis , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Brazil , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Humans , Infant , Male , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/blood , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/drug therapyABSTRACT
A 9-year-old boy with Down's syndrome and aortic regurgitation. In this patient bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever could not be proved. On echocardiography, basal septal hypertrophy with significantly protrusion into the left ventricular outflow tract was observed. It could explain the aortic regurgitation by ejection flow eccentrically directed to right coronary cuspid, causing a jet lesion.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Down Syndrome/complications , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnostic imaging , Child , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Humans , Male , Ventricular Function, LeftSubject(s)
Ebstein Anomaly , Angiocardiography , Cardiac Catheterization , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Humans , PrognosisSubject(s)
Atrioventricular Node/physiopathology , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/complications , Adolescent , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , RadiographySubject(s)
Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , Situs Inversus/diagnosis , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Cineangiography , Electrocardiography , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam um caso de dissociacao atrioventricular com interferencia e usurpacao. O registro eletrocardiografico continuo da derivacao V mostra periodos de dissociacao AV com manifestacao de um foco ectopico ventricular (idioventricular) e batimentos de fusao multiplos. A entrada e saida desta arritmia sao progressivas e dependentes do ritmo sinual. Ao diminuir a frequencia cardiaca, ha manifestacao do marca-passo distal, com a frequencia ventricular ligeiramente maior que a do no sinusal bradicardico. O estudo vetocardiografico sequencial permite a confirmacao das alteracoes morfologicas
Subject(s)
Heart Block , Heart Conduction System , Electrocardiography , VectorcardiographyABSTRACT
A inversao ventricular isolada foi diagnosticada em nosso Servico em 3 pacientes do sexo feminino, com idades de 26, 2 e 10 anos, respectivamente. Alem do exame clinico, as pacientes foram submetidas a estudo eletrocardiografico, radiologico e hemodinamico. Duas pacientes, isto e, a primeira e a ultima foram submetidas a tratamento cirurgico, sendo a primeira pela tecnica de Mustard e a ultima pela tecnica de Senning. Os autores discutem seus achados, comparando-os aos da literatura
